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1.
利用2000—2012年青藏高原附近地区251个台站的降水观测资料评估了CMOR.PH、PERSI—ANN、TRMM3B41RT、TRMM3B42RT和TRMM3B42V7等5种卫星反演降水资料在青藏高原地区的差异性和一致性。结果表明,5种卫星反演降水资料均能较好地表征降水量在青藏高原地区从东南向西北递减和夏季降水多、冬季降水少的特征。通过分析相对误差和空间相关系数表明,5种卫星资料在夏季的反演效果最好、冬季最差,白天好于夜间。相对于其他4种资料,TRMM3B42V7资料与观测值之间的差异最小,除了冬季一段较短时间内空间相关系数较低外,一年之中大部分时段空间相关系数都在0.5以上。CMORPH仅次于TRMM3B42V7,在青藏高原地区的适用性也较好;对不同等级降水频数的反演效果表明,CMORPH和TRMM3B42V7反演的小雨降水频数与台站观测值基本一致,高估了大雨和暴雨的降水频数,而TRMM3B42V7对中雨降水频数的反演较为合理。  相似文献   

2.
CMORPH和TRMM 3B42降水估计产品的评估检验   总被引:12,自引:3,他引:9  
成璐  沈润平  师春香  白翎  杨袁慧 《气象》2014,40(11):1372-1379
文章利用2007-2010年中国2447个站点的逐小时降水观测数据对同期CMORPH和TRMM 3B42卫星降水估计产品进行了检验和评估。经过对比分析得出:CMORPH和TRMM 3B42卫星降水资料与地面台站资料的日平均降水量空间分布具有较好的相似性,3 h降水量的相关系数在大部分地区分别在0.5和0.4以上;偏差均在±0.25 mm之间,但CMORPH存在显著的南北差异;平均绝对误差、相对误差和均方根误差均存在明显的季节周期性变化;两种卫星资料能够较好反映我国大部分区域夏季降水日变化特征,但在部分地区存在大的偏差;CMORPH和TRMM 3B42总空演率分别为7.23%和2.63%,总漏演率分别为3.25%和5.50%。  相似文献   

3.
基于时空结构指标的中国融合降水资料质量评估   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4  
江志红  卢尧  丁裕国 《气象学报》2013,71(5):891-900
引入空间、时间技巧评分以及结构函数3种指标,通过对比中国国家气象信息中心研制的逐日融合降水资料和美国国家海洋大气局(NOAA)气候预测中心卫星反演降水资料(CMORPH)、热带测雨卫星反演降水资料(TRMM)在中国区域的适用性和误差分布,着重考察融合降水资料的质量。结果表明,中国区域平均的融合降水资料时空精度远高于CMORPH和TRMM卫星降水资料,且融合资料和卫星资料在夏季的质量优于冬季;在中国东南区域的模拟精度普遍好于西部地区,融合降水质量最高的两个区域为江淮和华南,较差的区域则在青藏高原和西北地区。融合后降水资料比融合前CMORPH卫星降水在空间及时间技巧评分均有较大提高,其提高幅度冬季大于夏季。通过计算结构函数,发现在中国江淮、华南、华北和东北等地区,随着网格区域内任意两点距离的增大,融合产品与观测降水的结构函数曲线始终十分接近。在西北、青藏高原等区域,融合产品与观测降水的结构函数则偏离较大。西南地区地形复杂,卫星资料无法精确反映实际降水情况,高密度观测资料尤为重要。江淮、华南、华北地区的融合降水结构函数曲线增长率大于东北,也从侧面反映江淮、华南、华北地区降水分布的非均一性比东北强,降水可能受中小尺度天气系统影响较大。  相似文献   

4.
张天宇  桂术  杨若文  王勇  李永华 《气象》2020,46(8):1098-1112
利用1998—2016年TRMM和CMORPH两种遥感卫星资料降水和同期三峡库区气象观测站数据,通过比较干、支流和远、近库区气象站点的降水变化和蓄水前后降水量、雨日、降水强度和频率等变化特征,分析评估了基于两种卫星遥感降水和测站降水的三峡库区局地降水变化。结果表明:库区TRMM和CMORPH卫星降水年际变化特征总体上与气象观测站相符,反演效果在日尺度TRMM略逊于CMORPH,在季尺度CMORPH略逊于TRMM;两种卫星资料对冬季降水反演效果都偏弱。三峡库区干流和支流站点的降水变化总体一致,干、支流各站点降水量均具有较强的年际变化特征。TRMM相比CMORPH更能重现干、支流测站降水的年际变化特征,CMORPH降水年际波动振幅总体上比测站偏大。蓄水前后时段(1998—2003年与2004—2016年)对比,从不同等级降水的强度和雨日、季节降水频率和总量等变化反演效果来看,CMORPH资料分布相比TRMM更接近测站的变化趋势,反演效果略优于TRMM;但两种卫星资料的降水频率和降水量分布与测站的误差在蓄水前后变化都不明显。此外,气象测站、TRMM、CMORPH资料都表现出蓄水后三峡远、近库区年降水量的比值呈平稳波动状态,表明三峡水库蓄水后附近地区降水没有明显变化。  相似文献   

5.
史岚  万逸波  张狄  王茜雯  杨娇 《气象科学》2018,38(5):616-624
以2001—2010年中国地面自动站降水资料为基准,对中国大陆范围内CMPA(CMPA_Daily)降水资料进行精度评价研究,并与CMORPH1.0(CPC MORPHing technique gauge-satellite)、TRMM3B43V7(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission 3B43)降水资料精度进行对比,并进一步结合高程、坡度、坡向、坡向修正因子分析地形因子对数据质量的影响并探讨不同地貌类型下数据的精度。结果显示:CMPA在年、月尺度上均能较好地反映降水的多寡,与站点实测数据具有较高的相关性,误差波动较为平稳,数据质量及稳定性优于CMORPH与TRMM;从时间序列曲线显示CMPA的精度呈现较为明显的季节性差异,均方根误差夏季高于冬季,相关系数、百分比偏差、平均相对误差冬季高于夏季,总体而言CMPA夏季的误差高于冬季,由于夏季降水的基数大而导致了百分比偏差以及平均相对误差较低;分析地形的影响表明,高程、坡度对数据质量的影响大于坡向与坡向修正因子;在复杂地形下,高海拔与高坡度地区CMPA精度均有所降低,但降水资料的精度仍然优于CMORPH与TRMM。  相似文献   

6.
利用多种定量指标和分类指标,评估PERSIANN-CDR(Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Netw orks-Climate Data Record)和TRM M 3B42 V7 (Tropical Rainfall M easuring M ission 3B42 V7)两种降水卫星产品在雅鲁藏布江流域的反演精度,并首次在雅鲁藏布江流域使用降水量体积分类指标对卫星数据的适用性进行评价。结果表明:(1)降水卫星数据的偏差主要表现在微量和重度降水的偏差上,两种降水卫星数据总是高估了弱降水,低估了强降水,PERSIANN降水卫星要比TRM M降水卫星对降水数据偏离程度小;(2) PERSIANN-CDR降水卫星数据与地面实测数据的相关系数为0. 663,偏差为0. 845,TRMM 3B42 V7降水卫星数据与地面实测数据的相关系数为0. 666,偏差为0. 579。只考虑定量指标的评价体系,两个降水卫星数据的精度差异相对较小;(3) PERSIANN-CDR卫星数据在各站点的各分类指标数值范围均比TRMM 3B42 V7卫星数据的指标数值范围大,PERSIANN-CDR卫星数据对降水事件和降水量的反演精度要高于TRMM 3B42 V7卫星数据。考虑降水量分类指标的评价指标体系比单纯使用传统定量指标评价降水卫星数据更能有效地反映出降水卫星对资料稀缺的高寒地区地面降水特征的捕捉能力。  相似文献   

7.
TRMM 3B42降水产品在洮河中上游的精度评估分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
基于洮河中上游2006-2016年气象站实测降水数据,在不同时间尺度上评估了TRMM 3B42 V7卫星产品在该区域的精度。结果表明:(1)研究区超过60%的降雨事件能被TRMM卫星探测到,综合评价指标ETS平均达到0. 31,体现了TRMM卫星在洮河中上游具备较好的降雨事件探测能力;TRMM产品在中雨和暴雨的尺度上探测能力表现最好。(2)TRMM数据和实测数据在日尺度的相关系数平均为0. 64,在降水量对比中,两者相差较小,精度较好;月尺度的精度比日尺度高,相关系数平均为0. 94;在月份差异上,温暖湿润的季节效果优于寒冷干燥的季节。(3)在年均和夏秋季节降水空间分布上,TRMM数据与站点实测降水的对应较好,两者均表现出洮河中上游降水西南多、东北少的趋势,且TRMM轻微高估了实测降水。以上结果表明了TRMM 3B42 V7降水产品在洮河中上游精度较高,对站点稀缺区具有重要的应用价值。  相似文献   

8.
中国区域逐日融合降水数据集与国际降水产品的对比评估   总被引:12,自引:3,他引:9  
宇婧婧  沈艳  潘旸  熊安元 《气象学报》2015,73(2):394-410
中国国家气象信息中心基于2400多个国家级台站观测日降水量和CMORPH卫星反演降水产品,采用概率密度匹配和最优插值相结合的两步数据融合方法,研制了中国区域1998年以来的0.25°×0.25°分辨率的逐日融合降水产品(CMPA_Daily)。通过该数据集与广泛应用于中国天气气候领域的两种国际上降水融合产品TRMM 3B42(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, 3B42)和GPCP(Global Precipitation Climatology Project, 1 degree daily)的对比评估,考察CMPA_Daily产品的质量,评价其能否合理体现中国降水的天气气候特征。首先利用2008—2010年5—9月独立检验数据定量对比了CMPA_Daily、TRMM 3B42和GPCP 三种降水产品的误差,结果表明,在误差的时间变化和空间分布上,CMPA_Daily均具有最高的相关系数和最小的平均偏差及均方根误差,TRMM 3B42其次,GPCP的误差相对较大。CMPA_Daily只低估了大暴雨,TRMM 3B42低估了大雨以上量级的降水,而GPCP低估了除小雨以外的所有降水。CMPA_Daily产品因融入了更多的站点观测信息,不论在中国东部沿海,还是中西部地形复杂区,其精度均优于TRMM 3B42和GPCP产品,即使在站点稀疏的青藏高原地区,CMPA_Daily降水量也更加接近站点观测,呈现明显的高相关。CMPA_Daily与独立检验数据的高相关在地形起伏时效果也较稳定,TRMM和GPCP的相关系数则随着地形变化幅度陡变而非常明显地降低。进一步通过对比分析各降水产品1998—2012年的气候平均降水特征表明,3种资料对中国区域气候平均降水量、降水强度、频率分布以及年际变化的总体描述基本一致,因有效融入了更多的中国站点观测信息,不论降水空间分布还是降水量,CMPA_Daily与地面观测均最为接近,在中国的中东部大部分地区对降水的估计精度明显更高,而在站点分布较稀疏的青藏高原地区,CMPA_Daily的降水分布型与TRMM、GPCP卫星融合资料类似,较地面站点插值产品更能体现出合理的降水分布。对中国强降水事件监测对比表明,CMPA_Daily产品可以更加准确地描述降水的强度变化,细致刻画降水空间分布,在把握降水小尺度特征上具有明显的优势,体现出高分辨率、高精度降水产品的特点。  相似文献   

9.
概率密度匹配法对中国区域卫星降水资料的改进   总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6       下载免费PDF全文
为考察概率密度匹配法 (PDF方法) 对中国区域卫星反演降水产品系统误差订正的适用性,基于逐日和逐时我国地面观测降水量资料,引入PDF方法,分别对逐日0.25°×0.25°水平分辨率和逐时0.1°×0.1°水平分辨率的CMORPH (Climate Prediction Center Morphing Technique) 卫星降水产品的系统误差进行订正。在分析CMORPH卫星降水产品误差特征的基础上,根据两种资料不同的时空分辨率和误差特点,调整概率密度匹配时选取样本的时间和空间范围,设计相应的订正方案。评估结果表明: PDF方法订正后, 两种分辨率卫星降水资料在中国区域系统误差均显著减小,达到了理想的订正效果。在我国站点稀疏的西部地区,订正后的CMORPH卫星降水产品仍保持卫星观测的降水空间分布,降水量也明显接近于地面观测降水量。可见,PDF方法是中国区域卫星反演降水产品系统误差订正的一种有效方法。  相似文献   

10.
利用1998-2013年热带测雨卫星TRMM 3B42V7降水数据产品和18个气象站点观测数据对怒江上游进行了降雨时空分布特征的对比分析,研究了TRMM 3B42V7数据产品在该区域的精度。结果显示:研究区内TRMM 3B42V7数据和站点数据相关性月尺度最强(R0.9),年尺度次之(R0.5),日尺度较差(R0.5);流域面雨量两组数据在月尺度上有极强的相关性(R≈0.98),时间序列拟合较好,但在降水量大的月份TRMM 3B42V7数据较站点观测数据略偏大;不同时间尺度下两组数据的空间分布特征总体具有较好的一致性,局部分布特征有差异;流域西北和东南局部区域TRMM降水分别有低估和高估趋势,其他大部区域相当。利用TRMM 3B42V7数据对流域降水进行季节占比分析,结果显示,流域降水季节分配不均匀,夏季(6-8月)降水占全年降水总量的比例较大,高达42%~72%;其他春(3-5月)、秋(9-11月)、冬(12月至次年2月)三季节降水整体较少,总占比为28%~58%。  相似文献   

11.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter.  相似文献   

12.
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment.  相似文献   

13.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region.  相似文献   

14.
The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o.  相似文献   

15.
Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration.  相似文献   

16.
基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project)数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。  相似文献   

17.
正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any  相似文献   

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19.
Index to Vol.31     
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang;  相似文献   

20.
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome.  相似文献   

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