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闽南-台湾浅滩渔场蓝圆鲹和鲐鱼群聚空间分布的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据闽南-台湾浅滩渔场灯光围网信息船1990～2002年的渔捞记录，研究该渔场蓝圆鲹和鲐鱼群聚空间分布．结果表明，中上层鱼类蓝圆鲹和鲐鱼年间数量变动具有时间同步的特征，年均网次产量显著相关．蓝圆鲹与鲐鱼群聚区分布差异表现在：蓝圆鲹分布的海区水深较鲐鱼浅，蓝圆鲹和鲐鱼分布渔区的水深，春季分别为40～660m和40～70m，夏季分别为30～50m和30～60m，秋、冬季分别为30～60m和40～60m；鲐鱼的群聚区分布较偏北、偏向台湾岛西岸，蓝圆鲹的群聚区分布较偏南、偏向台湾海峡的中心区域；蓝圆鲹与鲐鱼群聚区的时空隔离、彼此取代比较明显．蓝圆鲹与鲐鱼的群聚区存在一定的重叠，与其种间对食物的竞争有关．两鱼种所出现两种适应性趋向。增加了它们在同一生境中长期共存的可能性． 相似文献
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鲐鱼:鲭科、鲐属。为远洋暖水性、上层深海鱼类。体粗壮微扁,呈纺锤型。一般体长20～40厘米、头圆锥形,眼大、眼脸发达,口大、上颌与下颌等长,体披细小圆鳞。背为青黑色,有不规则的深蓝色的斑纹、腹部白微带黄色。鲐鱼,我国湖海均有生产,以东海产量为多。大小黄鱼、墨鱼、带鱼资源锐减以后,鲐鱼已成为我国近海主要经济鱼类之一。鲐鱼的营养价值很高,每百克鱼肉含蛋白质21.4克、粗脂肪5.5～7.8毫克,均高于大黄鱼、带鱼、鲳鱼的含量,并含钙9.4毫克、磷173.8毫克,铁5.6毫克,是一种高蛋白、低脂肪,易被人体吸收的食物。据有关资料介绍,鲐鱼体内还含有两种营养价值极高的物质:一种叫二十碳五稀酸 相似文献
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以海洋生态系营养动力学为基础 ,采用Steele模式估算闽南 台湾浅滩渔场中上层鱼类资源年生产量为 86 4.6 3kt,进而以鲐鱼参鱼类群聚资源在中上层鱼类资源的比例 ,估算鲐鱼参鱼类群聚资源的年生产量为 5 1 9.5 6kt。Gulland和MSY简单模式估算鲐鱼参鱼类群聚资源的最大持续产量分别为 2 5 0 .5 7kt和 2 5 9.78kt。Schae fer和Fox剩余产量模式估算鲐鱼参鱼类群聚资源的最大持续产量分别 2 36 .0kt和2 34.1kt,最大持续捕捞力量分别为 1 1 40 4.1和 1 2 6 6 6 .6MW·d ,折算为福建灯光围网渔船分别为 42 4和 471组 ,并从开发现状和种群生态学及捕捞死亡等参数分析鲐鱼参鱼类群聚资源的开发前景。 相似文献
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基于个体模型的东海鲐鱼渔场形成机制研究 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
鲐鱼Scomber japonicus资源丰富,在我国近海渔业中占有重要地位。其渔场的形成受海洋环境的制约,本文确定鲐鱼运动和物理环境之间的响应关系,建立起了基于个体的东海鲐鱼生长洄游模型。结果显示,鲐鱼集群分布与捕捞生产渔场基本吻合,鲐鱼聚集主要受台湾暖流、大陆沿岸水、黑潮影响,往往集群在一定温度范围内并在冷暖交汇区温盐梯度大偏暖水一侧。在台湾暖流和沿岸水交汇的锋面附近、台湾暖流暖水舌前端、黑潮与中国大陆沿岸水形成的潮境区域均有大量的鲐鱼聚集,并形成渔场。产卵位置的变动使偏西产卵位置的鲐鱼由于受台湾暖流影响较大,鲐鱼会呈长带状大量聚集在台湾暖流和沿岸水的锋面附近,并使在台湾暖流暖水舌前端的聚集数量增多,而偏东的产卵的鲐鱼受黑潮影响较大,聚集分布范围较大,会使黑潮形成的锋面附近聚集数量增多,而使台湾暖水舌的前端的聚集量减少。正常产卵位置在生存率方面是最佳产卵位置。研究表明鲐鱼所处空间位置不同,会影响其集群的位置,用数值模型验证了物理环境会对鲐鱼的洄游和渔场的形成产生影响。 相似文献
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东海北部是鲐鱼主要渔场之一 ,研究其水文及其变化特征对于掌握鲐鱼中心渔场的时空变化规律、指导渔业生产、合理利用海洋渔业资源具有重要意义。根据 1 987— 2 0 0 1年在 2 9°— 32°N、1 2 4 5°E以西海域的海洋环境调查资料和鲐鱼渔场资料 ,在GIS平台上 ,用最优隶属模型划分水团 ,并研究渔场的水团和温、盐跃层特性及其月、年变化之间的相关性 ,用于渔情预报。研究表明 ,用最优隶属模糊聚类方法划分该海域水团的结果与以往的研究结果比较一致 ;鲐鱼渔情与该区域水团第一强度、第二强度之间显示了一定的相关性 ;用稳健统计学方法 ,可确定中心渔场的底层、鱼类栖息水层的温盐范围及其聚类中心值 ;鲐鱼渔情、渔场与水文跃层的关系密切。 相似文献
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Alice台风对东海鲐鱼鱼卵仔鱼的输运和存活率的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
日本鲐(Scomber japonicus)的补充量受物理环境影响很大。本文基于东海鲐鱼个体的初期生态模型,遴选对东海鲐鱼输运路径影响最大的Alice台风,研究台风导致的物理环境的改变对鲐鱼鱼卵仔鱼的输运分布和补充量的影响。研究发现,Alice台风对鲐鱼仔鱼的输运分布影响不大,原因是Alice台风逆时针旋转的气旋与潮流顺时针旋转的反气旋相互抵消,减少了台风对仔鱼输运区域低频率潮流的影响,使东海鲐鱼的输运路径处在受台风影响最小的区域。台风移动速度快、作用时间短也是造成这个结果的原因之一。台风使鱼卵仔鱼普遍向深水移动,台风过后2.5和5天存活数量分别为4.08×109和3.67×109个,而没有台风影响的分别存活6.64×109和5.93×109个,Alice台风最终导致仔鱼的存活率降低。本文为深入探讨环境变化与鲐鱼资源量的关系提供参考。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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Sediment properties, such as water content and density, have been used to estimate the dry and wet weights, as well as the volume of sediment recovered and discharged, during benthic impact experiments conducted in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The estimates show that the weights of dry (355-1332 t) and wet sediment (1651-4888 t) recovered during the experiments, are not only a function of the total duration and distance covered during the experiment, but also depend on water content and density of the sediment. Estimation of dry sediment and its volumetric ratio in the discharge, are key parameters for calculating the discharged volume. The estimated volume of wet sediment recovered (1427-4049 m 3 ) as well as discharged (2693-6951 m 3 ) during the experiments, provide important inputs to evaluate the sediment resettlement and migration. Using these estimates, the average depth of excavation on the seafloor, can also been calculated. However, the stages of sediment recovery and discharge are expressed differently in some of the experiments. In order to standardize these, different stages have been identified, and definitions of certain terms have been suggested, for use in the future. The methods of calculating different properties, as well as weight and volume of discharged sediment are described in the paper for use in other applications concerning deep-sea discharges. 相似文献