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2009年云南姚安6.0级地震震源机制与发震构造的分析研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用P波、SV波、SH波初动及其振幅比联合反演震源机制解的方法,计算了2009年7月9日发生在云南姚安6.0级地震余震序列的震源机制解,同时结合地震序列的空间分布,对姚安6.0级地震的发震断层性质和震区应力场特征进行综合分析。结果分析表明：（1）姚安6.0级地震发震断层为NWW—SEE向的直立右旋走滑断层,与美国哈佛大学的主震CMT解节面基本一致,也与余震优势方向分布一致,证明结果可靠;（2）震区主压应力场优势方向为NNW—SSE向,与其现今区域构造应力场主压应力NNW—SSE向一致,表明主震应力场主要受到现今区域构造应力场的控制,同时还有一些小的余震与主震应力场不同,表明震区应力场的多样性和复杂性;（3）结合本次地震序列的空间分布、震源机制解特征、震区断裂构造特征综合分析,综合判定姚安6.0级地震的发震构造属于马尾箐断裂。 相似文献
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利用P波、SV波、SH波初动及其振幅比联合反演震源机制解的方法,计算了2009年7月9日发生在云南姚安6.0级地震余震序列的震源机制解,同时结合地震序列的空间分布,对姚安6.0级地震的发震断层性质和震区应力场特征进行综合分析。结果分析表明：（1）姚安6.0级地震发震断层为NWW—SEE向的直立右旋走滑断层,与美国哈佛大学的主震CMT解节面基本一致,也与余震优势方向分布一致,证明结果可靠;（2）震区主压应力场优势方向为NNW—SSE向,与其现今区域构造应力场主压应力NNW—SSE向一致,表明主震应力场主要受到现今区域构造应力场的控制,同时还有一些小的余震与主震应力场不同,表明震区应力场的多样性和复杂性;（3）结合本次地震序列的空间分布、震源机制解特征、震区断裂构造特征综合分析,综合判定姚安6.0级地震的发震构造属于马尾箐断裂。 相似文献
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宁洱地震序列的震源机制解分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用云南数字地震台网资料得到宁洱地震序列的主震、5.1级强余震和52个余震震源机制解.分析表明,该地震序列的发震断裂呈NW走向,倾角陡立.在接近水平的近南北向压应力作用下,断裂具有右旋走滑的错动性质.主震、强余震和众多的余震都发生在同一发震断裂上.大量的余震震源机制解结果与主震一致,是地震序列的主要破裂类型,但还存在与主要类型不一致的倾向滑动类型,这可能与余震破裂起始点的微构造控制作用有关,但是它们呈水平向的应力轴与主震的主应力轴一致.NW向断层作右旋走向错动,滑动断层推挤的象限都是逆冲类型的余震,而拉张的象限都是正断层类型的地震.宁洱地震序列的震源机制和周围4次5级以上地震的震源机制相同,表明震源区应力场和区域应力场完全一致,宁洱地震的孕育和发生受区域应力场的控制. 相似文献
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不同资料和方法给出的2019年6月17日四川长宁6.0级地震震源机制解存在较大差异,为了找到1个合适的震源机制解来研究此次地震的发震方式,通过数学方法得到了与现有震源机制解差别最小的中心震源机制解,节面I的走向、倾角、滑动角分别为194.78°、52.68°和139.16°,节面Ⅱ的走向、倾角、滑动角分别为312.44°、58.67°和45.22°,根据本次地震余震分布拟合得到的断层面的走向为312.17°,与中心震源机制的节面Ⅱ走向一致,因而推断节面Ⅱ为本次地震的发震断层面。之后,利用此次地震之前震源区地震的震源机制解,反演了震源区的震前构造应力场。结果表明,长宁6.0级地震的中心震源机制解和震源区震前应力场均为逆冲型为主兼走滑分量的类型,震前应力场压轴为NWW—SEE向,中间轴为NNE—SSW向,两轴倾角接近水平,而张轴较陡,表现为逆冲型的应力场。将反演得到的应力场投影到中心震源机制解给出的与余震分布一致的节面上,发现中心震源机制解的滑动角和应力场预测的滑动角差别仅为13.45°,表明此次地震受背景应力场控制而发生在先存的薄弱面上。 相似文献
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2017年8月8日四川九寨沟县发生M_S7.0地震。根据中国地震台网固定台站的记录波形,利用gCAP方法和P波初动符号反演方法求解了主震的震源机制解,其结果与哈佛CMT震源机制解、美国地质勘探局发布的震源机制以及中国地震局发布的各震源机制解有很好的一致性。此外,还求解了九寨沟地震震中附近2010—2016年间28次小震的震源机制解,利用得到的小震震源机制解反演了该区域的构造应力场。结果表明,这一区域构造应力场的最大应力轴与最小应力轴均为水平方向,其中最大应力轴方向为NWW方向,最小应力轴方向为SSW方向。 相似文献
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2001年云南永胜6．0级地震余震序列震源机制解与震源区应力场分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用垂直向的Pg和Sg波的最大振幅比计算方法,计算了2001年云南永胜6.0级地震余震序列的震源机制解.通过统计方法和系统聚类分析方法,结合余震序列的震中分布,对永胜6.0级地震的震源机制解和震源区应力场的特征进行了综合分析.结果表明:(1)所得发震断层为NWW向直立右旋走滑断层,与美国哈佛大学的主震CMT解的节面一致,也与余震分布一致,证明结果比较可靠;(2)震区主压应力场方向为NNW-SSE,与其现今区域构造应力场主压应力方向(NNW向)一致,表明余震的应力场主要受主震震源应力场的控制. 相似文献
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利用1989~2002年间3次大同地震序列中共计700多次中小地震的震源机制解资料,应用Gephart(1990)的应力张量反演方法研究了这3次地震序列的构造应力张量的总体变化特征和时序变化特征,研究发现3次主震发生前震源及附近地区的构造应力作用较强,主震发生前后,应力方向存在细节差异,但是最大主压应力方向与华北地区的构造应力场方向基本一致,只有1999年震前阶段的最大主压应力方向为226°(SW向),分析认为这可能是华北地区构造应力场与大同地区局部构造应力场相互作用的结果。 相似文献
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汶川8.0级地震前龙门山断裂带的地震活动性和构造应力场特征 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
研究了2008年5月12日汶川8.0级地震前龙门山断裂带及其附近地区的地震活动.利用区域地震台网和流动测震台的数字地震波资料,测定了震源机制解.结果表明,震中所在的龙门山断裂带震前地震活动平稳,未出现显著异常增强或平静现象.根据汶川8.0级地震前地震活动求出的震源机制解,其主压应力P轴方位为WNE——ESE向,震源断层面呈NE向与NW 向两组节面走向.其中NE向节面呈N50deg;——70deg;E,断面倾角均陡,达60deg;——70deg;,震源力学作用方式多呈逆倾型,少部分呈走滑型．震前地震活动呈现的主压应力方位、震源断面走向及其错动类型,与汶川8.0级地震给出的解是一致的.巨大地震发生前沿龙门山断裂带微破裂呈现的平均应力场与主震一致．起始破裂区东侧20km内是紫坪铺水库水域区,这一区域发生小震活动增加的现象处于水库放水的卸载阶段.本文研究了汶川8.0级地震起始破裂区附近的小震活动,其震源参数表明,震源位于8.0级地震之上的5——14km深度,其震源参数与8.0级地震给出的解也是一致的． 相似文献
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After the 2008 M_W7.9 Wenchuan earthquake, the eastern Tibetan Plateau experienced a series of M_W6.0 earthquakes, including the 2013 M_W6.6 Lushan, 2014 M_W6.1 Kangding and 2017 M_W6.5 Jiuzhaigou events. Based on available constraints, we build a three-dimensional viscoelastic finite element model to calculate Coulomb failure stress caused by these strong earthquakes. In this model, the geometry and slip vector of the initial rupture zone of each earthquake are used to better evaluate the earthquake-related stress projection. Considering reasonable ranges of viscosities for the crust and upper mantle in different tectonic units, numerical results show that after the Wenchuan earthquake, the coseismic Coulomb failure stress change at the hypocenters of the subsequent earthquakes increased to approximately +0.012–+0.040, +0.01–+0.03, and+0.008–+0.015 MPa, respectively. With viscoelastic relaxation of the lower crust and upper mantle, the Coulomb failure stress change at the hypocenters of these earthquakes accumulated to about +0.014–+0.042, +0.016–+0.036, and +0.003–+0.007 MPa just before their occurrence. This suggests that the Wenchuan earthquake indeed triggered or hastened the occurrence of the Lushan, Kangding and Jiuzhaigou events, supporting that strong earthquake clustering around the eastern Tibetan Plateau could be related to stress interaction between the seismogenic faults. Besides, ～94% and ～6% of the stress increase around(and before the occurrence of) the Kangding earthquake were contributed by the Wenchuan event and the Lushan event, respectively; the positive Coulomb failure stress change at the Jiuzhaigou earthquake hypocenter was related to coseismic slip partitioning of the Wenchuan earthquake. This means that stress interaction among the earthquakes could be controlled by the combined effect of stress of the previous events and by the complexity of earthquake ruptures. Thus, in researches on the earthquake-triggering mechanism, special attentions should be paid on both details of the rupture model and multiple factors of previous earthquakes. 相似文献
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利用GFZ Release 05卫星重力GRACE观测数据,计算2010年2月27日智利MW8.8逆冲型地震的同震重力和重力梯度变化,分析其分布特征,可知:由GRACE探测到的同震重力变化在断层俯冲区域可达-9.5μGal,断层隆升区域可达+3.5μGal,结果与利用SNREI地球模型的位错理论计算的同震重力变化较一致,说明利用GFZ Release05 DDK5滤波数据,更能精确的反映同震重力场变化;GRACE检测的智利地震同震径向重力梯度变化Trr最大可达-600μE,位于发震断层东侧俯冲区域;通过对同震重力梯度分布特征分析,初步判断发生同震物质迁移的区域范围在断层俯冲区域为(67°—72°W,33°—38°S),在断层隆升区域为(73°—77°W,35°—39°S)。 相似文献
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利用精河M_W6.3地震有限断层破裂模型,计算了精河地震产生的位移场、应力场、周围主要断层上的静态库仑应力变化以及主震对余震的触发作用。结果表明:(1)精河地震产生的地表隆升最大值约为6.6cm,沉降最大值约为1.8cm;水平位移方向呈现震中南北侧向震中汇聚、震中东西侧向外"流出"的特点。(2)精河地震产生的水平面应力场展布南北侧物质主要受到指向震中的拉张力作用,东西两侧物质主要受到因震中过剩物质东西向排出而导致的东西向挤压力作用。(3)震中西侧距震中约20km的库松木契克山前断裂中段和震中东北部距震中约50km的四棵树-古尔图南断裂西段的库仑应力加载均大于0.01MPa,即2处为地震危险区。(4)在震源深度为8~12km的余震事件中,约有85.5%处于库仑应力加载区,即受到主震的的触发作用;在深度为4~8km的余震事件中,约有87%受到主震的应力触发作用。 相似文献
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On April 25, 2015, Nepal was struck by the MW7.8 Gorkha earthquake followed by an intense aftershock sequence. It was one of the most destructive earthquakes in the Himalayan arc, causing more than 8900 fatalities. In this study, we analyzed the dataset (429 events, magnitude of completeness (Mc) ≥ 4.2 local magnitude) of the first 45 days after the Gorkha earthquake to estimate the seismicity parameters b-value, D-value, and p-value. We used the maximum likelihood method to estimate the b-value and Omori-Utsu parameters, whereas the correlation integral method was applied to estimate the fractal dimension (D-value). The analysis was carried out using running and sliding window techniques. The lowest b-value (0.57 ± 0.04) and the highest D-value (1.65 ± 0.02) were computed at the time of the Gorkha earthquake, after which the b-value significantly increased to a maximum of 1.57. It again dropped to 0.93 at the time of the major aftershock on May 12, 2015. The D-value showed an initial quick drop and then decreased in a wavy pattern until the end of the study period, indicating the clustering and scattering of earthquakes in a fault region. The b-value contour map identified the eastern part of the study area as a high stress region (b = ～0.8), implying that the stress shifted to that region. The D-value contour map reveals that the seismogenic structure shifted from linear to planar in the region. The rate of aftershock decay (p = 0.86 ± 0.04) for a short period reflects that the level of stress decreased rapidly. This study helps to understand the level of stress and seismicity pattern of a region, which could be useful for aftershock studies. 相似文献
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实验室内大量岩石黏滑实验表明:对存在断层的岩石加压,岩石在黏滑失稳前会有预滑,预滑会出现在断层的某个区域.由于浅源地震也是断层失稳破裂的结果,近年来临震预滑作为一种地震前兆信息日益受到地震学界关注.但目前尚缺乏广泛的野外观测证据来证实黏滑实验中的预滑现象在构造地震前也普遍存在.本文对青藏活动地块区内姑咱地震台等12个台的应变仪和水位仪的记录作对比分析后发现:在汶川MW 7.9级地震前数月,各台陆续记录到了 一些"阶跃式"波形.在对观测结果可靠性讨论的基础上,用岩石黏滑实验结果和颗粒物理原理来解释这种"阶跃式"波形可能是预滑震相Xp.姑咱等12个地震台观测到预滑震相Xp表明:在青藏活动地块区临震预滑是普遍存在的.这种"准同步"的临震预滑,特别是2008年4月18日和5月6日2次幅度较大的预滑可能引发了汶川MW7.9级地震.因此,关注预滑,特别是临震预滑对预测未来强震有一定的前兆意义. 相似文献
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Haoran Meng Yongshun John Chen 《地震学报(英文版)》2014,(4):355-364
Frequency-dependent rupture behavior of sub- duction zone interplate megathrust faults has been observed by back-projection method in different frequency bands （from 0.05 to 5 Hz）. It has been suggested that the down-dip region of the Tohoku megathrust radiated strongly at high frequencies （〉10 Hz） compared with that of the up-dip region. By assuming the same source tirne function of each fault patch, we perform a synthetic sensitivity analysis to compare the energy received from the shallower parts （and further way from the receiver sites） with that frona the deeper parts （and closer to the receiver sites） of the rupture. Our results indicate that regional onshore recordings are probably not adequate to constrain the presence of far-off shore high frequency radiations because of the strong attenuation of this region. 相似文献
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《地震研究进展（英文）》2023,3(1):100182
Earthquake-triggered liquefaction deformation could lead to severe infrastructure damage and associated casualties and property damage. At present, there are few studies on the rapid extraction of liquefaction pits based on high-resolution satellite images. Therefore, we provide a framework for extracting liquefaction pits based on a case-based reasoning method. Furthermore, five covariates selection methods were used to filter the 11 covariates that were generated from high-resolution satellite images and digital elevation models (DEM). The proposed method was trained with 450 typical samples which were collected based on visual interpretation, then used the trained case-based reasoning method to identify the liquefaction pits in the whole study area. The performance of the proposed methods was evaluated from three aspects, the prediction accuracies of liquefaction pits based on the validation samples by kappa index, the comparison between the pre- and post-earthquake images, the rationality of spatial distribution of liquefaction pits. The final result shows the importance of covariates ranked by different methods could be different. However, the most important of covariates is consistent. When selecting five most important covariates, the value of kappa index could be about 96%. There also exist clear differences between the pre- and post-earthquake areas that were identified as liquefaction pits. The predicted spatial distribution of liquefaction is also consistent with the formation principle of liquefaction. 相似文献
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根据中国地震台网中心测定,北京时间2021年5月22日02时04分,中国青海省果洛州玛多县发生了震级达到M7.4的地震,震中位于( 98.34°E, 34.59°N) ,震源深度为17 km.美国地质调查局( United States Geological Survey,缩写为USGS)国家地震信息中心( National Earth-quake Information Centre,缩写为NEIC)也给出了相应的结果,其标定的发震时间为北京时间2021年5月22日02时04分13秒(协调世界时:2021年5月21日18时04分13秒) ,震中位于( 98.2548°E, 34.5864°N) ,震源深度为10 km.震后16小时内在震中100 km范围内共发生M>4.3的余震10次.这是自2008年汶川大地震以来我国境内发生的震级最高的一次事件,也是自2017年九寨沟MS7.0地震后时隔1382天发生的又一次震级大于M7.0的事件.美国地质调查局( USGS, 2021)和全球矩心矩张量组( GCMT, 2021)在震后数小时发布了本次事件的矩心矩张量解(表1)和最佳双力偶解(表2). 相似文献