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1.
上海地震图纸网络化管理 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
上海地震图纸网络化管理软件是在Lotus Note 5．0平台上开发的文档型数据库。该软件具有地震图纸入库、图纸查询等功能，同时可以和上海市地震局办公自动化系统相链接，局用户可以通过局域网办公自动化系统在网上查询所需地震图纸的信息。 相似文献
2.
地震模拟图纸数字化存储的实现 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
地震模拟图纸数字化存储技术方案设计分为3个环节:图纸扫描并保存为图形文件、图纸信息录入、图纸信息校验。对图纸扫描过程中的各个参数进行分析研究,并给出参数的选定方法和参考值。对关键技术(信息校验)进行分析研究,设计3种校验规则:文件命名校验规则、非法输入规则和放大倍数校验规则。此外,研发图纸信息录入软件和图纸信息校验软件,完成河北省地震局259 744张地震模拟图纸(有震图纸)的数字化存储。 相似文献
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利用成都区域数字化地震台网记录的雅江地震序列的S波段资料，使用波谱分析方法计算雅江地震序列的震源参数。在对不同时段的震源参数进行初步分析后，得到如下结果：①给出了适合于雅江地震序列的地震矩M0和矩震级Mw与里氏震级ML的关系；②拐角频率从5．0级地震前的1．4左右下降到5．0级地震后的1．3左右，6．0级地震之后又下降到1．2左右；③前震和余震的一些震源参数存在明显差异，可作为预测未来强震的重要指标之一。 相似文献
4.
模拟地震记录波形数字化方法及软件设计 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
开发了利用扫描仪扫描地震记录图纸，对图像进行数字化的软件。该软件除具有一般地震波形数字化软件的功能外，还具有如下特点：对因超出扫描仪幅面而分块扫描的地震图像可自动拼接；对图像整体无级缩放或局部任意放大而不会失真；数字化后的波形与原始记录波形直接重叠比较，可大大提高数字化波形的速度和可靠率；自动修复限幅波形和自动进行弧形矫正。 相似文献
5.
大量地震监测模拟记录图纸面临腐烂和损坏,模拟记录资料数字化是挽救此成果的一种办法,在模拟记录图纸中,代表时点的纵轴线存在直线轴和曲线轴2种类型。为实现地震监测模拟记录图纸数字化,分析并提出轴线、记录曲线的数字化解决方法,基于Matlab实现影像读取、图像旋转、轴线匹配、曲线跟踪、数值转换、导出"时点—测量值"数据表等功能,并通过实例展现模拟图纸数字化成果,为验证成果的可靠性,将数字化与人工读取成果进行比较,发现二者具有一致性。 相似文献
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地震前兆数据一直是地震分析预报必不可少的重要数据资源。随着辽宁省地震前兆台站数字化技术改造的开展，地震前兆模拟记录将逐步被数字化记录所取代。我们结合数字化技术改造的实际情况，采用先进的网络关系数据库模型构造了辽宁省数字地震前兆数据库。该数据库直接面向整个地震系统，为地震预报提供详实的数据服务和先进的研究手段。本文对数据库系统、数据库总体设计及数据共享服务也进行了深入研究和讨论。 相似文献
8.
通过对我国地震台网观测资料以及地震活动特征的分析，给出了处理中小地震活动性图象的网格点密集值计算方法．该方法综合考虑一定时空及震级范围内地震的数量和震中分布这两方面因素，并特别强调了计算参量的选取应充分考虑资料精度的影响．应用该方法得到的地震活动性图象能够准确、合理地反映地震活动特征并具有较好的稳定性．经该方法处理的图象是对地震活动性进行定量分析的基础，在地震趋势分析、中长期地震预测以及防震减灾等方面有很好的应用前景． 相似文献
9.
数字化地震记录分析软件PITSA简介及使用说明 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
JIN Changtai WANG Songyue SHENG Mingtao Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Academia Sinica Changchun 《地震地磁观测与研究》1997,18(4):1-90
“九五”期间我们将建立一批数字化地震台站，紧接着就是数字化记录的常规处理和数字化资料的开发利用问题。这两方面的工作都离不开数字化记录的常规处理软件。由国际地震学和地球内部物理学协会（ＩＡＳＰＥＩ）和联合国科教文组织（ＵＮＥＳＣＯ）以及美国地震学会（ＳＳＡ）联合推荐的由Ｆ．ＳｃｈｅｒｂａｕｍａｎｄＪ．Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ完成的一套优秀的数字化分析处理软件ＰＩＴＳＡ（ＰｒｏｇｒａｍｍａｂｌｅＩｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｖｅＴｏｏｌｂｏｘｆｏｒＳｅｉｓｍｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌＡｎａｌｙｓｉｓ）是一套比较适合我国广大地震工作者使用的软件。ＰＩＴＳＡ的特点是：①在普通微机（ＰＣ机）上安装使用，要求的微机和外部环境都很低，容易安装，占据的硬盘空间小（约２Ｍ）字节；②功能很强，如部分放大，震相拾取、求震级、定震中、分量旋转等常规分析工作它都能很好完成，进一步的分析处理工作如数值微分、积分、基线校正、谱分析、滤波、相关、Ｈｉｌｂｅｒｔ变换，旋转分量、偏振滤波、交义谱、相关谱、画质点运动图、各种模拟地震图的仿真等，它都能方便地实现；③它是菜单操作式软件，易学易用；④我们已有现成的软件，并已被一些地震工作者开发利用。鉴于以上优点，故我们特出版此专辑 相似文献
10.
在工作实践的基础上,详细说明大震应急图纸在地震救灾、灾后重建、地震现场科学考察、工程开发、地震预报综合研究、大震应急现场指挥等方面的重要作用;认真分析了目前管理和使用大震应急图纸的弊端以及图纸数字化建设的必要性;重点阐述大震应急图纸数字化建设的思路、方法和任务。 相似文献
11.
《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(9)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in 相似文献
12.
《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2014,(12)
正SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences,an academic journal cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press and Springer,is committed to publishing high-quality,original results in both basic and applied research. 相似文献
13.
In natural waters arsenic concentrations up to a few milligrams per litre were measured. The natural content of arsenic found in soils varies between 0.01 mg/kg and a few hundred milligrams per kilogram. Anthropogenic sources of arsenic in the environment are the smelting of ores, the burning of coal, and the use of arsenic compounds in many products and production processes in the past. A lot of arsenic compounds are toxic and cause acute and chronic poisoning. In aqueous environment the inorganic arsenic species arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) are the most abundant species. The mobility of these species is influenced by the pH value, the redox potential, and the presence of adsorbents such as oxides and hydroxides of Fe(III), Al(III), Mn(III/IV), humic substances, and clay minerals. 相似文献
14.
Due to deleterious effects on non-target organisms, the use of organotin compounds on boat hulls of small vessels (<25 m) has been widely prohibited. The International Maritime Organisation (IMO) resolved that the complete prohibition on organotin compounds acting as biocides in antifouling systems should commence in 2008. As a result of restrictions on the use of organotin based paints, other antifouling formulations containing organic biocides have been utilised. This survey was conducted to assess the contamination of replacement biocides in the marine environment following the ban of TBT-based paints. Surface sediments samples were collected in the major ports and marinas along the France Mediterranean coastline (Cote d’Azur) and analysed for organotin compounds, Irgarol 1051, Sea-nine 211TM, Chlorothalonil, Dichlofluanid and Folpet. Every port and marina exhibited high levels of organotin compounds, with concentrations in sediments ranging from 37 ng Sn g−1dry wt in Menton Garavan to over 4000 ng Sn g−1dry wt close to the ship chandler within the port of Villefranche-sur-Mer. TBT degradation indexes suggested that fresh inputs are still made. Among the other antifoulants monitored, only Irgarol 1051 exhibited measurable concentrations in almost every port, with concentrations ranging from 40 ng g−1dry wt (Cannes) to almost 700 ng g−1dry wt (Villefranche-sur-Mer, ship chandler). 相似文献
15.
Ian R. Falconer 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2005,33(1):64-71
Microcystins are cyclic heptapeptide toxins produced by a range of cyanobacterial genera. These cyanobacteria occur naturally in drinking water reservoirs subject to eutrophication, and in rivers and natural lakes. Because of the diversity of organisms, the toxins occur, from oligo‐mesotrophic lakes in North Temperate latitudes, to hypertrophic tropical ponds. The toxins are responsible for numerous cases of injury and death of domestic animals, and human poisoning from drinking water. The initial poisoning includes hepatic cell death. This leads to secondary effects from liver deficiency, including jaundice and photosensitisation. The toxic effects are largely due to inhibition of phosphatase enzymes, acting to regulate protein phosphorylation. The consequences include structural damage, apoptosis and, at lower concentrations, cell cycle effects and tumour promotion. As there is no clear evidence for direct carcinogenesis by microcystins, they are classed as non‐carcinogenic toxins in drinking water. Guideline Values for safe drinking water are derived from data for subchronic rodent toxicity, using the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (the highest dose giving no toxicity). To this dose are applied uncertainty factors, to calculate a Tolerable Daily Intake. On the basis of a standard bodyweight and water consumption the Guideline Value is determined for drinking water. For microcystin‐LR the WHO have set a provisional Guideline Value of 1 μg/L for drinking water. 相似文献
16.
The geomagnetic field and secular variation exhibit asymmetrical spatial features which are possibly originating from an heterogeneous thermal control of the Earth's lower mantle on the core. The identification of this control in magnetic data is subject to several difficulties, some of which can be alleviated by the use of core surface flow models. Using numerical dynamos driven by heterogeneous boundary heat flux, we confirm that within the parameter space accessible to simulations, time average surface flows obey a simple thermal wind equilibrium between the Coriolis and buoyancy forces, the Lorentz, inertial and viscous forces playing only a secondary role, even for Elsasser numbers significantly larger than 1. Furthermore, we average the models over the duration of three vortex turnovers, and correlate them with a longer time average which fully reveals the signature of boundary heterogeneity. This allows us to quantify the possibility of observing mantle control in core surface flows averaged over a short time period. A scaling analysis is performed in order to apply the results to the Earth's core. We find that three vortex turnovers could represent between 100 and 360 years of Earth time, and that the heat flux heterogeneity at the core-mantle boundary could be large enough to yield an observable signature of thermal mantle control in a time average core surface flow within reach of the available geomagnetic data. 相似文献
17.
Richard McCreary John McGaughey Yves Potvin Dave Ecobichon Marty Hudyma Harald Kanduth Alain Coulombe 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1992,139(3-4):349-373
Located in northern Québec, the Lac Shortt Mine was a small gold mine consisting of a thin subvertical orebody which was mined in three main phases. High stress and rockbursting conditions were experienced when ore was extracted in the upper zone between the surface and a depth of 500 metres during the first two phases of mining. Severe rockbursts were experienced in late 1989 near the shaft and in the footwall development following a deepening of the mine shaft to a depth of 830 m and partial development of footwall drift access for the third phase of mining (the mining of the lower zone starting at a depth of 830 m moving upward toward a depth of 500 m). A 16-channel Electrolab MP250 microseismic system, with a Queen's University Full-Waveform piggy-back system, was installed underground at the site due to these problems.It was expected that the thinning sill would be subjected to an ever-increasing load as the thickness of the 500 m sill pillar decreased in the face of the mining excavation from below. A monitoring program consisting of the microseismic monitoring system, a range of conventional geomechanics monitoring tools as well as the undertaking of periodic seismic tomography surveys to assess the ongoing state of stress and rock mass condition within the sill was therefore warranted.The anomalously high-magnitude stress field and the brittle rockmass created a situation in which rockmass failure was common and violent. In the creation and thinning of the sill pillar, the location of banded microseismic activity was crucial in tracing rockmass failure and the associated ground control problems. Reliable source-location determination enabled the identification of areas of stress increase. The movement of the rockmass failure front could be followed, and was responsible for stope dilution, footwall and orebody development deterioration, and caving.Source-mechanism analyses gave accurate double-couple solutions for approximately forty percent of these events having at least ten recognizable polarities. Results suggested movement along vertical north-south striking or vertical east-west striking features. Underground observation of damaged access points showed that vertical north-south striking joints were experiencing failure.The microseismic activity, which was consistently concentrated close to the southwest and northeast corners of current production stopes, could be explained by a stress field oriented obliquely to the strike of the orebody, as measured prior to shrinkage of the sill pillar byin situ stress measurements and observed borehole overbreaks. The orientations of theP andT axes for the microseismic activity further confirmed that the stress field oriented obliquely to strike.While an increase in compressional-wave velocity of 2.3 percent, corresponding to a measured stress increase of approximately 10 MPa could be measured by repeated tomographic surveys, it was relatively small and only a factor of two or so above the velocity measured uncertainty. The relative insensitivity of thein situ rock mass modulus to the applied stress is believed to be largely due to the rockmass discontinuities being relatively closed prior to stress increase, as substantiated by the small deformations seen by the extensometer and borehole camera. This situation existed because of the very high pre-mining stress level.The experimental demonstration that the rock could not absorb substantially increased load through the mechanism of discontinuity closure or tightening (which would be reflected in the modulus) may be evidence in itself of potentially burst-prone ground, such as encountered at Lac Shortt. 相似文献
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Response spectrum predictions for potential near-field and far-field earthquakes affecting Hong Kong: rock sites 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
N. T. K. Lam A. M. Chandler J. L. Wilson G. L. Hutchinson 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(1)
To realistically assess the seismic risk relating to built infrastructures in Hong Kong and in the neighbouring coastal cities of southern Guangdong province, it is necessary to predict ground shaking induced by different earthquake scenarios with good accuracy. A companion paper has described the modelling of the spatial and temporal distribution of the diffused seismic activities in the region, based on the newly-developed ‘Expanding Circular Disc’ (ECD) method. Representative Magnitude–Distance (M–R) combinations for both near-field and far-field earthquakes (in relation to Hong Kong) have been derived using the ECD method. The present paper describes the modelling of the response spectrum on rock sites associated with the predicted M–R combinations, using the Component Attenuation Model (CAM) that was also developed recently by the authors, based on stochastic simulations of the seismological model. The significant effects of soil resonance on the response spectrum are described in a separate publication.The accuracy of CAM in modelling ground motion properties on rock sites has been tested here by comparisons with (i) strong motions recorded in Taiwan and South China from the 1999 ‘Chi-Chi’ earthquake in Taiwan (M=7.6), (ii) motions recorded in South China from another earthquake occurring in the southern Taiwan Strait in the same year (M=5.1), and (iii) historical seismic intensity data obtained within South China. The overall capability of CAM in modelling both near-field and far-field attenuation has been shown to be unmatched by existing empirical models. Results of the comparison studies confirm the accuracy of CAM, particularly within an epicentral distance of 300–400 km.This study shows that the developed serviceability response spectra (i.e. at short return periods) are controlled mainly by the earthquake recurrence behaviour of major distant seismic sources. In contrast, the ultimate response spectra (i.e. at long return periods) relate to events with magnitudes close to the maximum credible earthquake (MCE) limit, the effect of which may also be represented by the Characteristic Response Spectrum (CRS). Both types of earthquake scenario can be significantly affected by the regional crustal properties. The proposed response spectrum envelopes have been compared with previously developed recommendations, and a critical review has been conducted. The intrinsic advantages of the ECD–CAM modelling approach have been highlighted, emphasising its directness and transparency when compared with the more complex process required to implement traditional Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment (PSHA). 相似文献
20.
The inability to detect the presence of viable Helicobacter pylori bacteria in environmental waters has hindered the public health community in assessing the role water may play in the transmission of this pathogen. This work describes a cultural enrichment method coupled with an H. pylori‐specific PCR to identify these bacteria in water. While far from perfected at the present time, this represents an exciting new approach to studying the significance of water as a transmission mechanism for H. pylori. Evidence is presented that indicates culturable H. pylori bacteria were found using this enrichment/PCR method in a local groundwater source. 相似文献