共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 375 毫秒
1.
丽江地震前后震区环境应力场时空变化 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
构造应力场是一个应力强度随时间和空间变化的动态场,在地震孕育,发生过程中,它往往呈现出明显的时空调整变化。本文利用地震记录资料,在时间域里测算中小地震剪应力值,追踪分析丽江地震前后震区环境应力场强度时空动态变化图象,探讨其与强震孕育发生过程的关系,并对震区环境应力场时空变化与某些地震前兆的关系作了初步分析。 相似文献
2.
3.
针对有限元数值模拟方法,系统总结了其在构造应力场与地震预测研究中的一般性研究方法与主要处理环节,阐述了有限元法在我国地壳构造应力场与地震预测研究中的应用,分析讨论了该方法的优点与存在的问题,并对有限元等数值模拟方法的发展作了展望。 相似文献
4.
大同—阳高2次地震前后震源应力场的变化过程 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
利用1989、1991年大同－阳高两次地震前后几年的地震记录资料，详细分析了其震源应力场的变化，结果表明，6.1级地震前震源应力场中两个主应力轴的方向曾发生逆转，主压应力轴逆转时间约10个月，主张应力轴逆转时间为2个月。6.1级主震前4个月，两个主应力轴的方向、仰角都恢复到正常状态，且与华北区域应力场的特征基本一致，而1991年5.8级地震前却没有出现上述现象，说明大同－阳高2次地震是在同一震源应力场作用下孕育、发展的，亦说明5.8级地震是6.1级地城的晚期强余震，指出山西地震带6级以上地震的孕育发生似是在华北区域应力场的作用之下完成的。 相似文献
5.
收集整理了四川、云南、重庆3省市的数字地震波记录资料,反演该区域的中小地震震源机制解,并利用这些结果采用力轴张量法计算给出5个主要构造带(区)在汶川8.0级地震前后的平均应力场.对比汶川地震前后各主要构造带(区)应力场的状态发现,龙门山构造带南段、鲜水河构造带南段在汶川地震前后局部应力扰动明显,即震后平均应力场方位扰动值相对变化较大;鲜水河构造带南段、龙门山构造带南段和华蓥山构造带中段震后逆倾型地震明显减少.分析认为,这是巨大地震前后大范围地壳应力状态变化或调整的一种反映. 相似文献
6.
近50年来华北地区遭受持续大面积过量开采地下水,已形成区域地下水漏斗、地面沉降、地陷地裂等地质灾害.然而,地下水的抽取减小了地壳的载荷,造成地壳应力场变化,这一点至今尚未被充分认识.为探索华北地区地下水超采对地壳应力场的影响,本文建立了二维有限元模型,定量计算地下水超采引起地壳变形和应力场变化.结果表明:华北地区地下水开采会引起地表抬升达+12.4cm;漏斗区上、中地壳的水平拉应力增量分别达到70kPa和35kPa;而在地下水开采区外围,水平压应力增量达20kPa;而华北地区构造主压应力积累速率约为0.5kPa·a-1.通过对比华北地区1980年前后5级以上地震的分布状况,本文认为地下水开采对区域构造应力场的扰动不可忽略,其卸载过程可能对华北地区大地震孕震过程存在减缓作用. 相似文献
7.
大同─阳高2次地震前后震源应力场的变化过程 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用１９８９、１９９１年大同－阳高两次地震前后几年的地震记录资料，详细分析了其震源应力场的变化，结果表明，６．１级地震前震源应力场中两个主应力轴的方向曾发生逆转，主压应力袖逆转时间约１０个月，主张应力轴逆转时间为２个月。６．１级主震前４个月，两个主应力轴的方向、仰角都恢复到正常状态，且与华北区域应力场的特征某本一致，而１９９１年５．８级地震前却没有出现上述现象。说明大同－阳高２次地震是在同一震源应力场作用之下孕育、发展的，亦说明５．８级地震是６．１级地震的晚期强余震。指出山西地震带６级以上地震的孕育发生似是在华北区域应力场的作用之下完成的。 相似文献
8.
2008年四川汶川MW7.9地震和1999年台湾集集MW7.6地震均为挤压推覆构造环境条件下发生的板内逆断层型地震。本文对比分析了两次地震前的CMT解、震区附近的中小地震震源机制解及其反演的应力场可知,集集地震主震震源机制解与用台湾内陆中西部的CMT解反演得到逆断层类型构造应力场吻合,而震区附近中小地震具有随机发生的性质,反演得到了震前与构造应力场不一致的走向滑动类型的局部应力场,但当局部应力场变化到与构造应力场一致时,数月后发生主震;同样,用青藏高原东部的CMT解震源机制反演得到走向滑动类型的构造应力场,逆冲类型的汶川主震与构造应力场的压应力轴吻合,震区附近中小地震反演得到了与构造应力场一致的区域应力场,但震前局部应力场变化为逆冲类型应力场一致时,随即发生主震。说明逆断层型主震区附近随着震源区应力积累,在震前会出现相似的应力场转换现象,当最终转换到与发生主震的应力状态一致时,表明震源区附近应力已达到相当高的应力水平,是发生大地震的征兆,应引起进一步的关注。 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
12.
The determination of the coefficient of viscosity of eruptive products gives useful elements to the knowledge of possible variations of composition and physical conditions of the magmas. 相似文献
13.
Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica - 相似文献
14.
Geomagnetism and Aeronomy - The magnetic evolution of the active region of the Sun at the level of the photosphere has been studied. Magnetic synoptic maps of the 2007 Kitt Peak Observatory were... 相似文献
15.
V. E. Pavlov T. Yu. Tolmacheva R. V. Veselovskiy A. V. Latyshev A. M. Fetisova I. V. Bigun 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2017,53(5):702-713
Until recently, the existing data prevented the geophysicists from accurately dating the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, which outcrops in the middle reach of the Kotuy River, constraining the time of its formation to a wide interval from the end of the Late Cambrian to the beginning of the Silurian. The obtained paleomagnetic data unambiguously correlate the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum to the Nyaian regional stage and constrain its formation, at least a considerable part of it, by the Tremadocian. This result perfectly agrees with the data on the Bysy-Yuryakh conodonts studied in this work and yields a spectacular example of the successful application of paleomagnetic studies in solving important tasks of stratigraphy and, correspondingly, petroleum geology. Within the Bysy-Yuryakh stratum, we revealed a large normal-polarity interval corresponding to the long (>1 Ma) period when the geomagnetic reversals were absent. This result, in combination with the data for the Tremadocian and Middle–Upper Cambrian sequences of the other regions, indicates that (1) the rate of occurrence of the geomagnetic reversals on the eve of the Ordovician Moyero superchron of reversed polarity was at most one reversal per Ma; (2) the superchron does not switch on instantaneously but is preceded by a certain gradual change in the operation conditions of the dynamo mechanism which, inter alia, manifests itself by the reduction of the frequency of geomagnetic reversals with the approach of the superchron. This finding supports the views according to which a process preparing the establishment of the superchrons takes place at the core–mantle boundary. 相似文献
16.
Summary A simple model is proposed suitable for studying the effect of the ground layer of the atmosphere, polluted by aerosol, on the albedo. This model is founded on solving the equation of transfer of radiative energy. The numerical results are discussed, particular attention being paid to the analysis of errors due to neglecting the multiple reflection of solar radiation on the aerosol particles. A method which would also include the multiple reflection is proposed, and the conditions under which the presence of the aerosol is responsible for an increase or decrease of the solar radiation balance on the Earth's surface, are analysed. 相似文献
17.
Ivanka Jakubcová Věra Marvanová Miloš Pick Antonín Novotný Reviewer Z. Šimon 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1982,26(2):193-196
Summary The results of two different methods of the determination of the non-linearity of the gravimeter scale are compared; the economy is discussed as well. 相似文献
18.
Atmospheric temperature and humidity fields as well as information on other meteorological parameters are nowadays retrieved from radiance measurements recorded by operational meteorological satellites. Up to now, the inversion procedures used only take into account crude information on the topography of the Earth’s surface. However, the applied radiative transfer codes have to consider the Earth’s surface as the lower boundary of the atmospheric model and, therefore, need a more precise mean elevation and a classification of the roughness of the Earth’s surface. The influence of the topography of the Earth surface on retrieved temperature profiles is studied by using a physico-statistical inversion method. An objective analysis is made of the more precise mean elevation and derivation of roughness parameters using a new high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) with a resolution of 500 m×500 m. By means of a geomorphological process and a newly developed topography rejection test, areas with a high surface roughness are localized and singled out. The influence of topography on the retrieved temperature profiles is illustrated by case studies. Changes are found predominantly in areas with a high variation of topography. Using the new high-resolution DEM and the topography rejection test, the geographical position of the calculated temperature profiles tends to be shifted towards areas with a small vertical variation of topography. The mean elevation determined by the new elevation model better characterizes the area observed. Hence, the temperature profiles can be calculated down to lower atmospheric levels. Furthermore, a guess profile better describing the atmospheric situation is selected by the more precise elevation. In addition, the temperature profiles obtained near the coast are improved considerably by the more precise determination of the surface property ‘sea’ and ‘land,’ respectively. Integration of an independent physical information such as topography leads, on average, to a slight improvement of the results of the physico-statistical inversion procedure. In some cases, however, significant improvements have been achieved regarding the desired accuracy of temperature profiles of the order of 1 K. In future, the spatial resolution of new high-resolution sounding instrumentation on the next generation of operational meteorological satellites will be increased. To exploit the resolving power of this new instrumentation, the different variation of the topography of the Earth surface, especially in regions with a high variation of topography, can be taken into account more precisely by using a high-resolution DEM. 相似文献
19.
Josef Vykutil 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1968,12(2):217-220
Резюме Дается вывод формул для вычислений длины хорды, длины и азимутов нормаляных сечений и длины геодезической линии эллипсоида.
Применяются тригонометрические функции данных величин и постоянные принятого ргфгргнц-эллипсоида, что является целесообразным
при использовании вычислителQjных машин, особенно автоматов. Рабочие формулы рекомендуются в форме (8–11).
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献
Dedicated to Professor František Fiala on His 85th Birthday
Address: Veveři 95, Brno. 相似文献
20.
Summary The maintenance of the axisymmetric component of the flow in the atmosphere is investigated by means of a steady-state, quasi-geostrophic formulation of the meteorological equations. It is shown that the meridional variations in the time-averaged axisymmetric variables can be expressed as the sum of three contributions, one being due to the eddy heat transport, another to the eddy momentum transport, and a third to the convective-radiative equilibrium temperature which enters the problem through the specification of a Newtonian form of diabatic heating. The contributions by the large scale eddies are evaluated through the use of observed values for the eddy heat and momentum transports.The contributions from each of the three forcing mechanisms to the temperature and zonal wind fields are invstigated individually and found to be of about equal importance. The sum of the three contributions are also presented for the temperature, the zonal wind, the stream function associated with the mean meridional circulation and the corresponding vertical motion. Although the results fail to reproduce the main observed features of the lower stratosphere, they are found to be in good agreement with observations in the middle latitude troposphere. At any pressure level, for example, the computed mean zonal wind has a jet-like profile and the axis of the jet is found to slope to the south with height, as observed in the atmosphere.Based in part on a thesis submitted by the first author as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree at the University of Michigan. — Publication No. 194 from the Department of Meteorology and Oceanography, The University of Michigan. 相似文献