共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
2.
利用乌鲁木齐地震台1985、1986年SK中长周期地震仪记录到的279次和763长周期地震仪记录的385次世界各地地震事件（Ms≥4．0，6≥6．0°，h≥80km），计算得出乌鲁木齐台763仪面波震级的平均偏差八M=0．033，标准误差S=±0．211；SK仪面波震级的平均偏差凸M=0．021，标准误差S=±0.238。分析得出震级偏差与震中距离有关，计算了新的起算函数，求出厂部分区域震级偏差值。 相似文献
3.
4.
DK1地震仪的面波震级起算函数研究di 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
使用1987～1993年DK1地震仪的地震记录，以国际地震中心(ISC)MS震级为标准震级，根据误差理论用最小二乘法拟合导出DK1地震仪面波震级起算函数．又从起算函数物理意义出发，根据成层介质中面波传播理论，考虑到地震波的频散、介质的吸收、地球介质与DK1地震仪所组成的线性滤波器对面波振幅和周期的影响，并假定面波最大振幅对应于Airy相，导出了DK1地震仪测定面波震级的起算函数．
使用本文导出的起算函数，不附加任何校正值．通过315个地震，对36个速报台的单台DK1面波震级和DK1速报台网的面波震级测定误差检验，结果表明，DK1面波震级MS(DK1)与国际地震中心(ISC)相应地震面波震级MS(ISC)之间在统计上无系统误差，平均误差接近于零． 相似文献
5.
6.
从吉首台体波震级m_b计算中出现的较大偏差出发,在讨论古登堡和里克特传统起算函数和左兆荣、郭履灿综合起算函数的基础上,为提高震级m_b的测算精度,用插值理论修正了3～30°传统起算函数,并用统计方法求出了适合吉首台测定浅震m_b的台站校正值,将两者合成后应用在单台震级m_b测定中取得了明显效果。 相似文献
7.
通过对福建数字遥测台网1999年所监测到的“9.21”台湾南投大震群和“9.23”福州小震群中的一系列较大地震进行分析，利用地震的时间和空间相对集中这一特点，有效地避开震源、路径及随时间变化的地质背景等因素对测定震级的干扰，发现了对测定台网平均震级影响的主要因素，不仅仅来自于台站地质背景的影响、台网使用的起算函数的影响，而且还发现在一定距离内地震周期也会对台网平均震级测定产生明显的影响。通过计算地动位移随震中距衰减的系数和起算函数随震中距增幅的系数，求出起算函数引起震级偏差的大小，提出了改进和消除这些影响的方法。 相似文献
8.
9.
为了改进中国地震台网体波震级的测定工作,本文利用中国地区地震P波和S波走时表及其相应的地壳地幔速度模型和地球的吸收带Q值模型(简称ABM-Q值模型),讨论了地震波的几何扩散效应和地球介质的吸收效应;通过数值计算,制定了中国地震台网体波震级的综合起算函数。经初步使用检验表明,新的震级起算函数,由于引进了与周期相对应的补偿,使得所测不同周期的体波震级基本趋向一致,改善了Gutenberg和Richter(1956)的起算函数在短周期上低估震级的倾向;而且,ABM-Q值模型较之SL8-Q值模型更加符合体波的衰减特性。 相似文献
10.
逻辑树方法可用于定量评定震级-频度关系,推断低震级地震年发生率时产生的不确定性．这些不确定性因素包括:震级-频度关系对自相似性的偏离;不同的拟合方法;确定年平均发生率的方法;拟合时的震级步长; 起算震级及震级误差等．本文以鲜水河震源区为例,研究强地震序列外推地震危险性评定所需要的4级以上地震年发生率时可能产生的不确定性．敏感性分析表明,同一种拟合方法中最敏感的因子是确定年发生率的方法,其次是震级步长和起算震级,震级误差影响相对较小．
逻辑树评定震级-频度关系不确定性的步骤为: ① 根据研究区已有资料和认识建立表述震级-频度关系不确定性的逻辑树;② 计算所有末端分支的震级-频度关系;③ 分析各不确定性因子的敏感性,修正逻辑树的结构和调整初始权重;④ 再计算末端分支的震级-频度关系,计算每一震级档的余累积分布函数; ⑤ 给定分位数,求得与此分位水准相应的地震年频数．
本文以80％和20％的分位水准,得到鲜水河震源区4级地震（不含余震）的年频数为0.643 0,而与分位数50％相应的年频数为0.631 8,两者十分接近． 相似文献
11.
The current calibration function used in calculating the magnitude of natural earthquakes within 5km is a constant; a fact that causes several serious difficulties for the calculation of the magnitude of small and shallow-focus earthquakes. According to the attenuation law of explosions and the propagation theory of elastic waves, the calibration function is calculated for near field quakes from 0kin to 5kin. Magnitudes of two aftershock sequences are calculated. The magnitudes of most explosion earthquakes are small, ranging mainly from magnitude -0.5 to 1.0. The M-t chart of the explosive aftershocks is completely different from that of strong earthquake aftershocks. It not only shows positive columnar lines indieatJng large magnitudes but also short negative columnar lines indicating small magnitudes. 相似文献
12.
13.
Masajiro Imoto 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2005,162(6-7):1309-1318
This study seeks to construct a hazard function for earthquake probabilities based on potential foreshocks. Earthquakes of magnitude 6.5 and larger that occurred between 1976 and 2000 in an offshore area of the Tohoku region of northeast Japan were selected as events for estimating probabilities. Later occurrences of multiple events and aftershocks were omitted from targets. As a result, a total of 14 earthquakes were employed in the assessment of models. The study volume spans 300 km (East-West) × 660 km (North-South) × 60 km in depth. The probability of a target earthquake occurring at a certain point in time-space depends on the number of small earthquakes that occurred per unit volume in that vicinity. In this study, we assume that the hazard function increases geometrically with the number of potential foreshocks within a constrained space-time window. The parameters for defining potential foreshocks are magnitude, spatial extent and lead time to the point of assessment. The time parameter is studied in ranges of 1 to 5 days (1-day steps), and spatial parameters in 20 to 100 km (20-km steps). The model parameters of the hazard function are determined by the maximum likelihood method. The most effective hazard function examined was the following case: When an earthquake of magnitude 4.5 to 6.5 occurs, the hazard for a large event is increased significantly for one day within a 20 km radius surrounding the earthquake. If two or more such earthquakes are observed, the model expects a 20,000 times greater probability of an earthquake of magnitude 6.5 or greater than in the absence of such events. 相似文献
14.
1974年4月22日、1979年7月9日在江苏省溧阳地区先后发生5.8级、6.3级(ML)两次地震.在这两次地震前约23个月,其周围200多公里范围内出现地震空区图象.1974年5.8级地震前16个月,在240公里范围内没有发生小地震;临近震前7个月空区活化,爆发一系列小地震.1979年6.3级地震前15个月,在100公里范围内和240公里范围外发生一些小地震,形成环形空区;临近地震前7个月,约200公里范围内均无小震活动.根据两次主震等震线,主、余震展布和震源机制结果认为,它们是在北东东向压应力和北北西向张应力作用下,发生在同一震源区的不同期共轭地震.两次地震空区图象的形成、发展和消失过程,描绘了区域应力持续作用下,中等均匀程度的地壳不均匀应变的演化过程. 相似文献
15.
《Geofísica Internacional》2013,52(2):173-196
An analysis of local and regional data produced by the shallow, thrust Ometepec-Pinotepa Nacional earthquake (Mw 7.5) of 20 March 2012 shows that it nucleated at 16.254°N 98.531°W, about 5 km offshore at a depth of about 20 km. During the first 4 seconds the slip was relatively small. It was followed by rupture of two patches with large slip, one updip of the hypocenter to the SE and the other downdip to the north. Total rupture area, estimated from inversion of near-source strong-motion recordings, is ~25 km × 60 km. The earthquake was followed by an exceptionally large number of aftershocks. The aftershock area overlaps with that of the 1982 doublet (Mw 7.0, 6.9). However, the seismic moment of the 2012 earthquake is ~3 times the sum of the moments of the doublet, indicating that the gross rupture characteristics of the two earthquake episodes differ. The small-slip area near the hypocenter and large-slip areas of the two patches are characterized by relatively small aftershock activity. A striking, intense, linear NE alignment of the aftershocks is clearly seen. The radiated energy to seismic moment ratios, (Es/M0), of five earthquakes in the region reveal that they are an order of magnitude smaller for near-trench earthquakes than those that occur further downdip (e.g., 2012 and the 1995 Copala earthquakes). The near-trench earthquakes are known to produce low Amax. The available information suggests that the plate interface in the region can be divided in three domains. (1) From the trench to a distance of about 35 km downdip. In this domain M~6 to 7 earthquakes with low values of (Es/M0) occur. These events generate large number of aftershocks. It is not known whether the remaining area on this part of the interface slips aseismically (stable sliding) or is partially locked. (2) From 35 to 100 km from the trench. This domain is seismically coupled where stick-slip sliding occurs, generating large earthquakes. Part of the area is probably conditionally stable. (3) From 100 to 200 km from the trench. In this domain slow slip events (SSE) and nonvolcanic tremors (NVT) have been reported.The earthquake caused severe damage in and near the towns of Ometepec and Pinotepa Nacional. The PGA exceeded 1 g at a soft site in the epicentral region. Observed PGAs on hard sites as a function of distance are in reasonable agreement with the expected ones from ground motion prediction equations derived using data from Mexican interplate earthquakes. The earthquake was strongly felt in Mexico City. PGA at CU, a hard site in the city, was 12 gal. Strong-motion recordings in the city since 1985 demonstrate that PGAs during the 2012 earthquake were not exceptional, and that similar motion occurs about once in three years. 相似文献
16.
中国及其邻区地震深度的特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
系统地研究了中国及其邻区地震深度的一些时空变化特征后发现：５１％的地震发生在０－１９ｋｍ间，１０、１５、２０ｋｍ为几个地震多发层位；大陆地震的深度小于周邻地区地震的深度；大陆西部地震的深度大于东部地震的深度，这与大陆地壳西厚东薄的结果相吻合；中俄朝交界区及日本海、兴都库什－帕米尔、琉球群岛、缅印交界区和台湾地区地震的深度大，这与有关板块间的相互碰撞、挤压或俯冲等运动有关；兴都库什－帕米尔地区的地震 相似文献
17.
根据近场小孔径观测台网记录的余震序列资料，研究了2000年1月15日云南姚安MS6.4地震序列的地震物理过程. 用地震标定律关系估算主震的地震矩M0=1.58×1018N·m，矩震级MW=6.0，平均位错=0.63m，断层长度L=16.6km，断层宽度W=5.6km. 余震序列的高精度定位结果和能量分布走向，很好地证实了主震的断层破裂走向为N50°W，震区马尾菁断裂为主震发震构造，断层错动性质以右旋走滑为主. 用横波记录资料及波谱分析方法估算出余震的震源参数: 地震矩范围为1010～1016N·m，震源破裂半径a为80～500m，地震应力降范围为0.01～9.5MPa. 较大应力降(Δσ>1.0MPa)沿主断层线性排列，大应力降(Δσ>2.0MPa)与ML≥3.0级地震相关. 余震能量释放和高应力降的地震多发生在6.0～11km的深度范围，说明在这一深度范围内最大程度地集中了地壳中的应力. 相似文献
18.
用双差地震定位法对2005年9月23日克孜尔震群进行重新定位。 从平面上, 重新定位地震集中分布在一个长约14.5 km, 宽约 9.0 km的长方形内, 其长轴为N30°W向, 与克孜尔断裂近乎垂直。 从震源深度来看, 重新定位地震的震源深度全部分布在21 km以内, 集中分布在10~19 km, 平均深度为13.6 km; 震群中绝大部分小震发生在沉积层内, 而震级较大地震基本发生在结晶地壳的上地壳内。 其剖面图显示, 这次震群是从结晶地壳开始沿着N30°W方向向上破裂至沉积层。 根据震区附近断裂性质和该区历史小震震中分布分析认为, 克孜尔水库库区附近可能存在两条共轭断裂, 右翼断裂可能是这次震群的发震构造。 相似文献
19.
新疆数字地震台网地方性震级量规函数的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
基于2009～2014年新疆测震台网数字地震记录资料,运用震级残差统计方法,选择16269个2.0≤ML≤5.4地震事件,共计获得了179561个单台记录;利用最大地动位移衰减特性方法,选用3.6≤ML≤4.5的746个地震事件作为研究对象,对新疆数字台网地方性震级量规函数进行了研究。将得出的量规函数值进行对比后认为,现阶段使用的量规函数值在0～200km的震中距范围内偏小,导致此范围内台站测定的震级偏小;在200～800km的范围内,测算的震级值较稳定,偏差范围在±0.1的范围内;在400～800km震中距范围内,由最大地动位移衰减特性方法得出的量规函数偏小。由于目前各地震台站使用的地震计仪器响应不准确,造成量规函数偏小的原因有待用计量更加准确的台站仪器响应参数进行验证,以便得到更加精确的新疆台网地方性震级量规函数。 相似文献
20.
The space-time-magnitude relationship among worldwide earthquakes of magnitude M ? 7 has been investigated with a view toward discerning the statistical reliability of possibilities of epicenter migration, gaps in seismic activity, and techniques of identifying aftershocks and foreshocks. The statistical procedure involves the calculation of the second-order moment of the sequences. The statistical validity of the results was obtained by modeling the interaction of discrete seismic events by a multidimensional branching stochastic point process.The results are that epicenters of large earthquakes migrate with velocities between 300 and 2,000 km/year with a significance level greater than 99.5%; the maximum likelihood estimate of the velocity of migration of large aftershocks of large earthquakes is about 1,400 km/year; foreshocks of large earthquakes have a maximum likelihood estimate of velocity of migration of about 2,800 km/year. A gap in seismic activity occurs before large earthquakes; with somewhat less confidence, a gap also occurs after large earthquakes, after the aftershock sequence has ended. The number of immediate foreshocks is 35–40% of the number of aftershocks. Aftershocks are comparatively weaker than foreshocks when compared with the main shock. There are hints, that are not fully statistically confirmed, of interaction among large earthquakes in different depth ranges. 相似文献