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1.
In this paper the influences of nonuniform stratification on the propagating paths of internal inertial-gravity and pure gravity wave energy are discussed by using the WKB approximation method.The conditions for conservation of wave energy,generalized wave action and wave enstrophy are obtained.The necessary condition of instability for internal gravity waves and the equation governing the refraction of wave rays are derived.Two types of critical levels are given.Finally,the wave rays for different distributions of stratification are calculated by using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. 相似文献
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文中利用ＷＫＢ近似，讨论了非均匀层结对惯性重力内波和纯重力内波能量传播路径的影响，得到了波的能量密度，广义波作用密度，和广义拟能密度守恒的条件，导得了重力内波不稳定的必要条件，给出了在波的传播过程中控制波射线折射的方程，得到了两类不同的临界层，最后还利用四阶Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔｔａ方法计算了不同层结分布下的波射线。 相似文献
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大地形对Rossby波波射线的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本文利用Ｒｕｎｇｅ－Ｋｕｔｔａ方法计算了大地形对定常、非定常低频Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波波射线的影响，计算结果显示，地形对Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波波射线有重要影响。对位于地形上游的波源，定常波波射线在传播过程中，遇到地形时，会绕过地形偏向高纬度传播并加密波射线，地形起阻挡屏障作用；波源位于地形中心时，东西走向的地形使波射线发生分支现象，南北走向地形没有这种现象产生。文中还计算了地形存在下，周期为５０ｄ的低频Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波波射线。结果显示，地形对低频波波射线的影响似乎更复杂。 相似文献
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DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNAL INERTIAL GRAVITY WAVES IN THE ATMOSPHERE WITH HETEROGENEOUS STRATIFICATION 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 In this paper,by the WKB method the relation between the energy increase of internal inertial gravity waves andheterogeneous atmospheric stratification is derived,and a new generalized wave action is defined and its conservation isproved. 相似文献
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Wang Xingbao 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1995,9(4):488-500
Effects of topography on the propagation and development of inertia gravity waves areinvestigated by means of WKBJ method.The equation of wave action conservation is obtained.It isfound that the inertia gravity wave tends to propagate to the higher elevation area,meanwhile theamplitudes of the waves increase.While the inertia gravity waves propagate to a lower elevation area,their amplitudes decrease. 相似文献
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本文将缓变介质中波动的传播理论应用于Rossby波。在基流和不同走向地形假设下，计算了Rossby波射线路径及沿射线波数的变化。结果表明大尺度地形对Rossby波射线有显著影响。 相似文献
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In this paper, a sudden heavy rainfall event is analyzed, which occurred over the Yellow River midstream during 5–6 August 2014. We used observational, NCEP/NCAR reanalysis, high-resolution satellite, and numerical simulation data. The main results are as follows. Under an unfavorable environmental circulation, inadequate water vapor and unfavorable dynamic conditions but sufficient energy, a local sudden heavy rainfall was caused by the release of strong unstable energy that was triggered by cold air transport into middle and lower layers and the propagation of gravity waves. The distributions of rain area, rain clusters, and 10-minute rainfall showed typical mesoscale and microscale fluctuation characteristics. In the mesoscale rain area or upstream, there was a quasi-stationary wave of mesoscale gravity waves with their propagation downstream. In the course of propagation from southwest to northeast, the wavelength became longer and the amplitude attenuated. In the various phases of gravity wave development, there were evident differences in the direction of the wave front. Wave energy was mainly in the lower layers. Unstable vertical wind shear at heights of 1–6 km provided fluctuation energy for the gravity waves. The mechanisms of heavy rainfall formation were different at Linyou and Hancheng stations. Diabatic heating was the main source of disturbed effective potential energy at Linyou. The explosive short-period strong precipitation was caused by the release of strong effective potential energy triggered by the gravity waves, and its development and propagation after that energy maximized. In contrast, the latent heat release of upstream precipitation was the main source of disturbed effective potential energy at Hancheng. This formed a positive feedback mechanism that produced continuous precipitation. In the studied event, the development of westerly belt systems had disturbed the wind field. The contribution of kinetic energy generated by this disturbance could not be ignored. The Froude number, mountain shape parameter, and ratio between mountain height and temperature inversion layer thickness had various effects of atmosphere and terrain on mesoscale and microscale mountain waves. In upper and lower layers, there were five airflows that were strengthened by the terrain. All these had important influences on local heavy rainfall at Linyou and Hancheng stations. 相似文献
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McFarline's gravity drag theory is simply reviewed,and it is indicated that the fault ofMcFarline's theory is that the effect of dissipation induced by gravity wave breaking on mean flowis not fully considered.Based on McFarline's theory,in this paper,the effect mentioned above iswell considered.A new dissipation coefficient D is calculated,and a relatively completeparameterized scheme of the influence of gravity wave breaking on meanflow is put forward here.This is a better parameterized scheme than McFarline's if it is used in GCM. 相似文献
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Some Possible Solutions of Nonlinear Internal Inertial Gravity Wave Equations in the Atmosphere 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ｓｏｍｅ Ｐｏｓｓｉｂｌｅ Ｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｓ ｏｆ Ｎｏｎｌｉｎｅａｒ Ｉｎｔｅｒｎａｌ Ｉｎｅｒｔｉａｌ Ｇｒａｖｉｔｙ Ｗａｖｅ Ｅｑｕａｔｉｏｎｓ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ＡｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｅＬｉＧｕｏｐｉｎｇａｎｄＬｕＪｉｎｇｈｕａ（ＣｈｅｎｇｄｕＩ... 相似文献
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The time damping rate of gravity wave in the range of 30-70 km is calaclated in threecircumstances:(1)adiabatic process,(2)diabatic process caused by atmospheric cooling,and(3)diabatic process resulting from atmospheric photochemical heating and cooling.The resultsindicate that the photochemical heating is as important as Newtonian cooling and its contribution tothe time damping rate of gravity wave can not he negligible. 相似文献
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本文用ＷＫＫＢＪ方法研究了地形对重力惯性波传播与发展的影响，得到了地形影响下重力惯性波的波作用量守恒方程。结果表明：重力惯性波能量有向地形较高的区域传播的趋势，并且波包振幅上坡时加大，下坡时减小。 相似文献
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一个双波地形重力波拖曳参数化方案 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
当地形次尺度强迫的作用与显式的经典动力作用效应相当时,地形重力波拖曳力对于环流的维持,以及动量和热量通量输送的动力效应变得十分显著。这种地形次尺度拖曳作用项可通过参数化的方法,在动力方程中加入额外的小项而引入数值模式。目前成熟的地形重力波拖曳参数化方法,如第1代基于线性单波理论的参数化方案;以及侧重考虑了临界层作用等因素对拖曳力的额外贡献的第2代参数化方案,都无法有效表达风速垂直变化引起的波动应力随高度变化的特征。基于上述考虑,本文给出了一个双波参数化方案用于计算地形重力波拖曳中由线性自由传播重力波造成的波动应力的垂直分布。通过二阶WKB近似,它对由风速垂直变化引起的对波动应力的选择性临界层吸收过程和经典的临界层吸收过程做了显式处理;而在不发生临界层吸收现象的地区,则用两个单波同时在垂直方向上进行应力的传播,并利用波饱和标准进行应力耗散。进一步地在真实地形(以大别山地区为个例)条件下的测试结果表明,通过在不同理想风速廓线以及北半球冬季中纬度纬向平均风廓线下对波动应力垂直分布的计算,证明该方案确实能有效地给出应力随高度变化的特征。 相似文献
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McFarline's gravity drag theory is simply reviewed,and it is indicated that the fault of McFarline's theory is that the effect of dissipation induced by gravity wave breaking on mean flow is not fully considered.Based on McFarline's theory,in this paper,the effect mentioned above is well considered.A new dissipation coefficient D is calculated,and a relatively complete parameterized scheme of the influence of gravity wave breaking on meanflow is put forward here.This is a better parameterized scheme than McFarline's if it is used in GCM. 相似文献
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文中探讨了中尺度地形背风驻波及对天气系统发生发展的影响问题,通过建立一个含类似大别山地形作用的简化数学模型并进行了数值计算,结果表明,当过山气流u取１０１ｍ／ｓ量级,层结参数Ｎ取１０(－３)ｓ(－１)量级,其比值Ｕ／Ｎ约为３×１０３～４×１０３时可出现一种相当正压的地形背风波,其波长近于Ｕ／ｆ～１０２ｋｍ（ｆ为柯氏参数）。结合上述理论结果和实际暴雨个例,分析指出在江淮梅雨期间,当有移动性的暴雨区移至大别山定常背风波的适当位置时,暴雨会得到增幅。 相似文献
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非地转平衡流激发的重力惯性波对梅雨锋暴雨影响的动力学研究 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：12
文中以 2 0 0 0年 6月 1～ 3日的一次梅雨锋暴雨过程为例 ,通过数值模拟 ,得到了降雨区和强度都与实况基本吻合的结果。进一步利用数值模拟场 ,比较详细地分析了大尺度环流调整后的地转平衡被破坏、非平衡流出现、低空急流建立、重力波发生与传播对暴雨过程的影响。研究表明 ,副高的西伸北跳可以造成局部地转平衡被破坏 ,引起环流的适应调整 ,以建立新的平衡。在这一过程中 ,会出现与之相适应、配合的低空急流和重力波的发生 ;重力波的频散有利于急流中心大风区的传播 ,引导气流和水汽集中区对传播方向有显著影响 ;低空急流的建立则是导致暴雨发生的重要条件之一。通过对高时空密度中尺度数值模拟资料的分析 ,可以较清晰地反映出上述结果。 相似文献
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本文采用ＷＫＢ方法,讨论了地形正压Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波的发展与结构变化问题。指出波动的发展和衰减不仅与波幅和波长的增减有关,还与波的结构状态有关。 相似文献
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用WKBJ方法结合特征线法求得了重力波波包在水平非均匀层结和时变层结大气中演变的渐近解，结果表明层结水平非均匀性除引起重力波波幅的变化外，还引起波长和包络宽度的变化，当波包由层结大值区移向层结小值区时，水平波长变短，包络宽度变窄，同时振幅增加。层结随时间的变化不会引起波包波长和包络的宽度的变化，但层结随时间减小时，波包振幅增加。 相似文献
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非均匀大气层结中大气惯性重力波的发展 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文用WKB近似方法导出了非静力平衡下惯性重力波的能量增长与大气层结在时间和空间上不均匀性的关系,并定义了一种新的重力惯性波的广义波作用量。 相似文献