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1.
深水开发的新型立管系统——钢悬链线立管(SCR) 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
1种全新的深水立管系统——钢悬链线立管（Steel Catenary Riser，SCR）在翠西哥湾（Golf of Mexico）、坎普斯湾（Campos Basin）、北海（North Sea）和西非（West Africa）得到了成功应用。它的适用水深为300～3000m，且适用现有任何浮式结构，从浅水的固定式平台到极深水的浮式生产储运系统（FPSO）。因此，它取代了传统的柔性立管和顶张力立管，成为深水油气开发的首选立管，被认为是深水立管系统的成本有效的解决方案。 相似文献
2.
硬悬挂钻井隔水管涡激振动特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对深水钻井过程中遭遇强台风,基于安全性考虑要求钻井平台悬挂隔水管提前撤离的问题,采用软件SHEAR7针对HYSY981钻井平台硬悬挂隔水管系统避台风撤离作业过程中,受南海一年一遇海流作用时诱发涡激振动(VIV)的情况,研究航速与悬挂长度对VIV特性的影响。研究表明,浮力块覆盖率越高,隔水管系统张力越小;浮力块分布对隔水管系统VIV响应影响较大,25%交错布置方案VIV响应最弱。隔水管并非越短越好,要综合考虑洋流剖面、隔水管配置和平台航行的影响;在不同悬挂长度及航行条件下的VIV响应,在撤离作业前应尽量避免在高流速区布置浮力单根,撤离作业时应尽量采用顺流而避免平台逆流航向。 相似文献
3.
国外深水钢悬链线立管研究发展现状 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
介绍国外在新型深水立管系统--钢悬链线立管关键技术方面的研究发展现状,论述浮体一、二阶运动对钢悬链线立管疲劳寿命的影响、浮体升沉运动对钢悬链线立管触地点疲劳寿命的影响;钢悬链线立管与海底相互作用机制的实验研究及结果;钢悬链线立管涡致振动与疲劳的研究现状.并简要论述钢悬链线立管触地点问题的研究结论. 相似文献
4.
In recent years, offshore reservoirs have been developed in deeper and deeper water environments. Steel catenary risers (SCRs) are being considered in deepwater development such as Northern North Sea. SCRs used in conjunction with a semi-submersible or floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) in deepwater harsh environments present significant design challenges. The large vertical motions at the semi or FPSO induce severe riser response, which results in difficulty meeting strength and fatigue criteria at the hang off and touch down point locations. To improve the understanding of SCR behaviour and increase the confidence in the design of such systems in deepwater harsh environments, a parametric study on a SCR connected to a semi-submersible was carried out in this paper to deal with the factors that mainly influence the loading condition and fatigue life of the riser. Weight-optimized configurations were applied during the course of riser design. Riflex combined with DeepC was the primary analysis tool used for the long-term response of the nonlinear SCR structure simulations, which requires a large amount of computer time. Hence, the parameters affecting the efficiency and accuracy of the simulations have also been studied during the analysis process. 相似文献
5.
The main challenge in predicting global responses of floating vessels in deepwater and ultra-deepwater areas comes from the system's coupled effect.In this paper,the coupled approach is used to analyze effects of riser on floating system in deepwater.The analysis results show that the coupling effects of risers will mainly affect the low frequency (LF) motions of the system.That is because risers will provide the system with a significant low frequency (LF) damping which will vary with the sea states.Under ... 相似文献
6.
Excited by ocean currents, random wave and vessel motion, deepwater drilling risers exhibit significant dynamic response. In time domain, a method is proposed to calculate the nonlinear dynamic response of deepwater drilling risers subjected to random wave and dynamic large displacement vessel motion boundary condition. Structural and functional loads, external and internal pressure, free surface effect of irregular wave, hydrodynamic forces induced by current and wave, as well as wave and low frequency (drift) motion of the drilling vessel are all accounted for. An example is presented which illustrates the application of the proposed method. The study shows that long term drift motion of the vessel has profound effect on the envelopes of bending stress and lateral displacement, as well as the range of lower flex joint angle of the deepwater riser. It can also be concluded that vessel motion is the principal dynamic loading of nonlinear dynamic response for the deepwater risers rather than wave force. 相似文献
7.
In the present study, we simulated the reel-lay installation process of deepwater steel catenary risers（SCRs） using the finite element method and proposed multiaxial fatigue analysis for reeled SCRs. The reel-lay method is one of the most efficient and economical pipeline installation methods. However, material properties of reeled risers may change, especially in the weld zone, which can affect the fatigue performance. Applying finite element analysis（FEA）, we simulated an installation load history through the reel, aligner, and straightener and analyzed the property variations. The impact of weld defects during the installation process, lack of penetration and lack of fusion, was also discussed. Based on the FEA results, we used the Brown-Miller criterion combined with the critical plane approach to predict the fatigue life of reeled and non-reeled models. The results indicated that a weld defect has a significant influence on the material properties of a riser, and the reel-lay method can significantly reduce the fatigue life of SCRs. The analysis conclusion can help designers understand the mechanical performance of welds during reel-lay installation. 相似文献
8.
In the present study, we simulated the reel-lay installation process of deepwater steel catenary risers (SCRs) using the finite element method and proposed multiaxial fatigue analysis for reeled SCRs. The reel-lay method is one of the most efficient and economical pipeline installation methods. However, material properties of reeled risers may change, especially in the weld zone, which can affect the fatigue performance. Applying finite element analysis (FEA), we simulated an installation load history through the reel, aligner, and straightener and analyzed the property variations. The impact of weld defects during the installation process, lack of penetration and lack of fusion, was also discussed. Based on the FEA results, we used the Brown-Miller criterion combined with the critical plane approach to predict the fatigue life of reeled and non-reeled models. The results indicated that a weld defect has a significant influence on the material properties of a riser, and the reel-lay method can significantly reduce the fatigue life of SCRs. The analysis conclusion can help designers understand the mechanical performance of welds during reel-lay installation. 相似文献
9.
Transportation of floating structures for long distance has always been associated with the use of heavy semi transport vessel. The requirements of this type of vessel are always special, and its availability is limited. To prepare for the future development of the South China Sea deepwater projects, COOEC has recently built a heavy lift transport vessel — Hai Yang Shi You 278 (HYSY278). This semi-submersible vessel has displacement capacity of 50k DWT, and a breath of 42 m. Understanding the vessel’s applicability and preparing its use for future deepwater projects are becoming imminent need. This paper reviews the critical issues associated with the floating structure transportation and performs detailed analysis of two designed floating structures during transportation. The newly built COOEC transportation vessel HYSY278 will be used to dry transport the floating structures from COOEC fabrication yard in Qingdao to the oil field in the South China Sea. The entire process will start with load-out/float-off the floating structures from the construction sites, offload the platform from the vessel if needed, dry transport floating structures through a long distance, and finally offload the platform. Both hydrodynamic and structural analyses are performed to evaluate transport vessel and floating structures. Critical issues associated with the transportation and offloading of platform from the vessel will be studied in detail. Detailed study is performed to evaluate the response of the system during this phase and additional work needed to make the vessel feasible for use of this purpose. The results demonstrate that with proper modifications, HYSY278 can effectively be used for transporting structures with proper arrangement and well-prepared operation. The procedure and details are presented on the basis of study results. Special attentions associated with future use will also be discussed based on the results from analysis. 相似文献
10.
The paper studies longitudinal vibrations of an ultra-deepwater drilling riser whose bottom end is disconnected from the sea floor and covered by a plug (a blind one or the one with a hole). An elastic shell is used as a model of a riser pipe. The fluid column motion in the riser is described by the Navier–Stokes equation for a compressible fluid. Losses of fluid pressure during its flowing through a hole in the plug are taken into account. Solution of the riser equations is carried out in the frequency domain. Analysis of the effect which the riser length, wave period and height, and the plug-hole diameter on the amplitude of the riser's tension vibrations is conducted. A riser manufactured of strong aluminium alloys, some of prospective materials for ultra deepwater drilling, was considered as a prototype. It has been shown that risers 2000–4000 m long, plug-hole, and a riser 6000 m long with plug-hole of 0.087 m in diameter can withstand wave height of >15 m throughout the frequency range. 相似文献
11.
FPSO单点系泊系统水下管缆众多,受环境等因素影响,管缆容易发生拉伸、扭转、弯曲和碰撞,引发干涉现象,危及工程安全.针对FPSO单点多管缆干涉风险,提出了基于模糊Petri网络的风险评估方法.首先,辨识风险因素来构建风险评估指标体系,并转化为模糊Petri网模型;其次,采用层次分析法确定风险因素的常权重,并引入模糊置信结构来提高专家主观评价的准确性;然后,将变权理论与模糊推理算法相结合来迭代求解库所可信度和状态矩阵;最后,以南海某内转塔式FPSO为例进行了风险评估.结果表明:该FPSO的风险评估等级为中等,环境与设备因素是影响管缆干涉的主要因素.通过风险排序结果对综合评估值较高的风险指标提出了风险控制措施,可有效降低管缆干涉风险发生的概率与危害. 相似文献
12.
基于三维频域势流理论,计算船体的水动力参数;采用动态耦合方法分析了深海半潜式生产平台各系统之间的相互作用特征,研究了立管系统对锚泊系统定位能力的影响。计算结果表明,立管系统在一定程度上增加了整个系统的刚度,其所受的附加质量和阻尼可降低平台的低频响应,从而降低平台的偏移和系泊缆的张力;海流将增大立管上的拖曳力,使平台偏移更远,锚索上的张力更大;立管系统对锚泊系统定位性能的最终影响需综合考虑多种因素的叠加。对目标平台而言,由于服役海域的流速较大,对立管的拖曳作用较为明显。因此,为确保平台的安全性,当服役海域流速较大时,带有多立管的平台,其锚泊系统的设计应考虑立管的影响。 相似文献
13.
张力腿平台(TLP)水下丛式井口布局设计关系到立管服役期间的安全性,是含有丛式井口平台设计过程中考虑的主要因素。根据TLP立管安装、钻井以及防碰等要求,考虑尾流效应对丛式立管的影响,研究水下丛式井口布局设计准则,对丛式井口—立管系统进行碰撞分析以确定水下井口间距阈值,提出水下丛式井口圆形布局方法和相应的布局设计流程。通过算例对计算方法进行了具体运用。研究表明:与目前采用的"等边三角形网格"方法相比,水下丛式井口圆形布局方法可允许水下整体基盘安装位置误差达到水下井口间距阈值的20%,立管的最大倾角可达到0.5°,安装作业窗口增加1倍以上。本方法对水下整体基盘安装位置误差的容错能力强,能有效扩大丛式立管钻井和安装作业窗口,提高丛式立管作业安全性,研究结果可为TLP丛式井口的设计提供参考。 相似文献
14.
陵水17-2气田是国内首个采用钢悬链立管的深水气田。以该气田钢悬链立管(SCR)为例,结合国外经验确定了影响强度的主要因素,利用FLEXCOM软件建立了强度分析模型并进行了敏感性分析。通过对比分析,得到以下结论:管线重量公差较其他因素对立管强度有着更明显的影响,管线重量的正负公差分别对立管触地区和悬挂区强度影响较大,其中等效应力最大增加了13.5%;内部压力的变化对重质管线强度影响较轻质管线明显;柔性节点刚度对立管强度的影响主要集中在悬挂区;立管安装误差对悬挂区和触地区等效应力影响为6.5%～9.5%。为陵水17-2气田及其他类似工程提供参考和借鉴。 相似文献
15.
针对在南海海域频发的台风自然灾害,考虑海况随机性、结构随机性以及作业参数的随机性,采用梯度投影确定取样点的响应面法,分别建立P2D、D2P和P2P(P指生产立管,D指钻井立管)三种作业模式下TLP串行立管系统的结构极限状态方程。并在建立立管可靠性分析模型的基础上,确定一种立管可靠度计算方法。算例结合南海某TLP平台给出了上述方法的具体应用。研究表明,10年一遇台风情况下,P2D、D2P和P2P三种工况中生产立管系统的失效概率均小于0.001%,钻井立管系统的可靠度分别为0.016%和0.113%。在大于200年一遇的强台风情况下,P2P工况时的上下游生产立管系统失效概率均大于0.32%和0.018%。因此建议10年一遇台风情况下,停止钻井立管作业;在大于200年一遇的强台风情况下,停止生产立管作业。研究结果可为南海TLP立管系统可靠度评估及安全作业技术支持。 相似文献
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17.
新型多功能干树储油半潜平台研发 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对凝析油气田开发了一型适应我国南海环境条件的深水多功能干树半潜平台,平台运动性能优良,可实现干树开采、回接水下井口、油气生产处理、凝析油存储、钻修井等功能。平台由上部组块、主船体、细长柔性连接结构、垂荡板、顶张紧式立管(TTR立管)系统、系泊系统构成,结构特点为采用细长柔性连接结构连接主船体与箱型垂荡板。垂荡板采用箱型结构,承受作业吃水压力,可实现平台与箱型垂荡板的整体拖航,平台安装简易,细长柔性连接结构可在位维修或更换。平台立柱内设置储油舱存储天然气凝析油,解决凝析油存储外输问题。平台采用成熟系统系统集成,运动性能优良,海上施工风险可控,未来有望成为一种新的深水油气田开发平台型式。 相似文献
18.
According to the characteristics of deepwater top tensioned risers, a simplified model is presented to predict the multi-modal response of vortex-induced vibration （VIV） in non-uniform flow based on energy equilibrium theory and the exporimental data from VIV self-excited and forced oscillations of rigid cylinders. The response amplitude of each mode is determined by a balance between the energy fed into the riser over the lock-in regions and the energy dissipated by the fluid damping over the remainders. Compared with the previous prediction models, this method can take fully account of the intrinsic nature of VIV for low mass ratio structures on lock-in regions, added mass and nonlinear fluid damping effect, etc. Moreover, it is the first time to propose the accurate calculating procedure for VIV amplitude correction factor by solving energy equilibrium equation and a closed form solution is presented for the case of a riser of uniform mass and cross-section oscillating in a uniform flow. The predicted values show a reasonable agreement with VIV experiments of riser models in stepped and sheared currents. 相似文献
19.
Subsea production system has been increasingly used in recent South China Sea offshore developments. With deepwater applications, constituent parts of subsea systems become more complicated and enlarged. Increases on the weight and geometry of each component bring challenges to installations. A recent accomplished deployment on a subsea massive jumper shows the weight and length have been up to 120 tons and 90 m, respectively with sophisticated geometry. It is considerably difficult to install heavy and large subsea structures, especially in South China Sea where severe environmental conditions are common. In addition, deepwater deployment may alter natural frequency of the hoisting system and the altered frequency may be close to possible environmental conditions. To deal with the above two issues, traditionally, engineers need to carry out series of complicated numerical analyses which are on case basis and significantly time-consuming. Existing studies focus on the optimization on analysis techniques by conducting laboratory testing and numerical simulations. However, easy-to-use guidance on massive subsea structure installation are somewhat limited. The studies presented in this paper aim to achieve a simplified guidance which can briefly screen the cases subject to axial resonance and provide visible correlations between hoisting system integrity and key installation parameters. 相似文献
20.
In re-entry,the drilling riser hanging to the holding vessel takes on a free hanging state,waiting to be moved from the initial random position to the wellhead.For the re-entry,dynamics calculation is often done to predict the riser motion or evaluate the structural safety.A dynamics calculation method based on Flexible Segment Model(FSM) is proposed for free hanging marine risers.In FSM,a riser is discretized into a series of flexible segments.For each flexible segment,its deflection feature and external forces are analyzed independently.For the whole riser,the nonlinear governing equations are listed according to the moment equilibrium at nodes.For the solution of the nonlinear equations,a linearization iteration scheme is provided in the paper.Owing to its flexibility,each segment can match a long part of the riser body,which enables that good results can be obtained even with a small number of segments.Moreover,the linearization iteration scheme can avoid widely used Newton-Rapson iteration scheme in which the calculation stability is influenced by the initial points.The FSM-based dynamics calculation is timesaving and stable,so suitable for the shape prediction or real-time control of free hanging marine risers. 相似文献