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6-O-羧甲基壳多糖的细胞毒性效应研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
Chen Xiguang 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,30(Z1):221-224
采用溶血试验和细胞毒性试验研究6 -O-羧甲基壳多糖的细胞毒性效应,结果表明：1% 浓度的6-O-羧甲基壳多糖对红细胞溶 血率小于5%,说明该材料无溶血现象。以手术缝合线和500μg/mL的苯酚为对照研究不同分 子量的6-O-羧甲基壳多糖分别在1000μg/mL和2000μg/mL浓度下对大白鼠皮肤成纤维细胞 生长的影响,经过2d,4d,7d细胞培养,细胞增殖率均大于100%,说明该材料对成纤维细胞 无毒性效应且对大白鼠皮肤成纤维细胞有促进生长的作用,分子量越小促生长作用越强,随 着培养时间延长促生长作用亦增强。此研究在一定程度上证明,6-O-羧甲基壳多糖作为医 用生物材料在细胞毒性方面是安全的。 相似文献
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采用人肠道微生物体外厌氧发酵技术,研究人肠道微生物对不同分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的降解利用。分别将五个志愿者的肠道微生物接种到以高分子量和低分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯为唯一碳源的培养基中,酵解48h后,采用TLC和PAGE分析分子量变化,PMP-HPLC分析单糖组成变化,GC分析短链脂肪酸的生成情况。结果发现:在人肠道微生物体外降解岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的体系中,岩藻聚糖硫酸酯寡糖和低分子量组分(10—20k Da)含量显著降低,而且酵解产物的单糖组成没有变化,说明被人肠道微生物彻底降解利用;而人肠道微生物对高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯(20k Da)的降解和利用度很低,产物的半乳糖和甘露糖的比例明显下降。低分子量和高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯在酵解后均生成短链脂肪酸乙酸、丙酸和丁酸,但在高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯发酵液中还生成了支链脂肪酸(异丁酸、异戊酸)和戊酸。研究结果表明,人肠道微生物能够彻底降解利用复杂的海带岩藻聚糖硫酸酯寡糖和低分子量组分,但是对高分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的降解率很低。单糖分析说明人肠道微生物能够降解和利用多糖中的所有单糖,产生有利于肠道健康的短链脂肪酸,但是只有低分子量岩藻聚糖硫酸酯能够抑制支链脂肪酸生成。 相似文献
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本文以壳聚糖为原料,采用苯甲醛选择性的保护壳聚糖C2位氨基的方法,制备了O-羧甲基壳聚糖(O-CMC)。采用红外光谱及核磁共振波谱法对产物结构进行了表征,确定了羧甲基化反应只发生在壳聚糖的O位。该方法制备得到的O-CMC的羧甲基度为42.2%,反应选择性好,步骤简单,产率高达85%。 相似文献
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利用二乙胺基乙基琼脂糖凝胶柱层析纯化自养小球藻(Chlorella autotropica)粗多糖,得到3个硫酸多糖组分(A,B,C);利用高效液相色谱仪和熔点仪测定了3个多糖的分子质量和熔点;利用BaCl2浊度法测定了硫酸多糖中硫酸根的质量分数;利用傅立叶变换红外光谱分析了海水自养小球藻3个硫酸多糖组分的环状结构、半缩醛羟基构型及取代基类型。结果显示,3个硫酸多糖组分的硫酸根的质量分数分别为0.77%,8.46%,2.69%,3个组分均含有硫酸基、酰氨基,葡萄糖是3个硫酸多糖组分的主要组成单糖;3个硫酸多糖组分组成单糖的环构型均是吡喃环,成苷的半缩醛羟基构型有一定差异,A是α构型,B、C是α、β两种半缩醛羟基构型并存。为深入研究自养小球藻硫酸多糖的结构及抗癌活性提供基础。 相似文献
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N.O-羧甲基甲壳胺中羧甲基含量及不同取代位置比例的确定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对甲壳胺6位羟基和2位氨基上同时进行羧甲基化(即N.O-羧甲基甲壳胺)进行了探讨,采用电导滴定法测定了N.O—羟甲基甲壳肢的总羟甲基度,并找到一种较为简便的方法来估算N—、O—羧甲基化的比例。而文献中所报道的N.O—羧甲基甲壳胺的羧甲基度均为总羧甲基含量,对于N—或O—不同位置上羧甲基化比例的确定未见报道。 相似文献
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羧甲基壳聚糖与表面活性剂的相互作用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
作者从配伍稳定性、表面张力、粘度等方面研究羧甲基壳聚糖 (CMCHS)与四种典型类型表面活性剂的相互作用情况。研究显示 ,羧甲基壳聚糖与阴离子表面活性剂 SDS、非离子表面活性剂 Triton X- 10 0、两性表面活性剂 C12 BE配伍稳定性较好 ,而与阳离子表面活性剂 CTAB及C16Py Br复配时则在一定的浓度区会产生沉淀。羧甲基壳聚糖可使 SDS表面活性升高 ,而 SDS则使羧甲基壳聚糖比浓粘度下降 ;CTAB可与羧甲基壳聚糖形成复合物 ,从而使表面张力曲线产生两个转折点 ,即使在沉淀区仍有较好的表面活性 ,而溶液的比浓粘度则大幅度下降 ;Triton X- 10 0和 C12 BE与羧甲基壳聚糖的相互作用不很明显 相似文献
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研究不同化学修饰的水溶性低分子量壳聚糖对糖尿病大鼠血糖的调节作用,以探讨其结构与功能的关系。本研究对低分子量壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基壳聚糖和低分子量羧甲基甲壳素进行化学表征和分子量测定。通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素建立大鼠糖尿病模型,并随机分为糖尿病治疗组和模型组。治疗组大鼠每日按180 mg/kg体质量分别灌胃低分子量壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基甲壳素,模型组按体质量灌胃相同体积的蒸馏水,连续灌胃45 d,于末次灌胃后测定大鼠空腹血糖、糖耐量、肝肌糖原含量,大鼠胰腺做病理组织切片观察。结果表明,不同化学修饰的水溶性低分子量壳聚糖的分子量在10 000~25 000 Da间,低分子量壳聚糖乙酰基取代度为52.71%,低分子量羧甲基壳聚糖的乙酰基取代度为7.50%、羧基取代度为98.16%,低分子量羧甲基甲壳素的乙酰基取代度为89.96%、羧基取代度为98.65%;三者均可显著降低糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖水平,改善糖耐量,提高肝肌糖原含量。其中,低分子量羧甲基甲壳素组效果最好,低分子量壳聚糖效果次之,推测水溶性低分子量壳聚糖的乙酰基可能在糖尿病大鼠血糖调节中发挥重要作用。 相似文献
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水溶性低分子量壳聚糖对糖尿病大鼠血糖的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究不同化学修饰的水溶性低分子量壳聚糖对糖尿病大鼠血糖的调节作用,以探讨其结构与功能的关系.本研究对低分子量壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基壳聚糖和低分子茸羧甲基甲壳素进行化学表征和分子量测定.通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素建立大鼠糖尿病模型,并随机分为糖尿病治疗组和模型组.治疗组大鼠每日按180 mg/kg体质量分别灌胃低分子量壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基壳聚糖、低分子量羧甲基甲壳素,模型组按体质量灌胃相同体积的蒸馏水,连续灌胃45 d,于末次灌胃后测定大鼠空腹血糖、糖耐量、肝肌糖原含量,大鼠胰腺做病理组织切片观察.结果表明,不同化学修饰的水溶性低分子量壳聚糖的分子量在10 000～25 000 Da间,低分子量壳聚精乙酰基取代度为52.71%,低分子最羧甲基壳聚糖的乙酰基取代度为7.50%、羧基取代度为98.16%,低分子量羧甲基甲壳素的乙酰基取代度为89.96%、羧基取代度为98.65%;三者均可显著降低糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖水平,改善糖耐量,提高肝肌糖原含量.其中,低分子量羧甲基甲壳素组效果最好,低分子量壳聚糖效果次之,推测水溶性低分子量壳聚糖的乙酰基可能在糖尿病大鼠血糖调节中发挥重要作用. 相似文献
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A procedure is described which adds a hydrolysis step to the Johnson and Sieburth 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone hydrochloride (MBTH) assay for total dissolved monosaccharides. The advantages of the monosaccharide test are retained in the total carbohydrate test, giving nearly equivalent responses for a variety of combined carbohydrates. A total sample of 50 ml is adequate for both total carbohydrate and monosaccharide assays which permit the estimation of polysaccharide by difference. Values for Narragansett Bay and adjacent waters ranged from 452 to 2023 μg l?1 for total dissolved carbohydrate, 272 to 1353 μg l?1 for polysaccharide, and 153 to 814 μg l?1 for monosaccharide, which accounted for 6–18%, 4–13%, and 2–5% of the total dissolved carbon, respectively. We suggest that this is a sensitive and precise procedure which will be useful for investigating the distribution of dissolved carbohydrates in seawater and factors which affect its production, distribution and utilization. 相似文献
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The features of the sea ice growing and melting under the modern climatic conditions are considered with the use of the thermodynamic
model of sea ice taking into account the seasonal melting and recrystallization of its upper layers. The evolution of the
snowy and icy cover for the North Pole geographic point is estimated quantitatively on the basis of the NCEP/NCAR 2007 atmospheric
reanalysis data. 相似文献
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Fluid flow in fractures and host rocks has been investigated in shallow buried Miocene alluvial fan deposits. A structural, petrographical (optical, CL, SE microscopes and XRD) and geochemical (microprobe and δ18O-δ13C stable isotopes) study has been performed in normal faults affecting Serravalian-Tortonian siliciclastic rocks of the Vallès-Penedès basin. These faults formed during the development of the Vallès-Penedès fault-related syncline, which caused the rotation of the earliest fractures. Faulting occurred continuously before, during and after host rock cementation. Rocks affected by faulting are represented by clay-rich gouges, which formed thanks to the high phyllite clast content within the otherwise clean and mature sandstones and conglomerates. Despite the low permeability of these rocks, cross-fault and fault-parallel fluid flows occurred in most of the faults.Host rocks and veins were cemented by two generations of calcite, i.e. Cc1 and Cc2. Cc1 precipitated from meteoric waters at shallow burial conditions whereas Cc2 precipitated from meteoric waters in a confined aquifer.Palygorskite has been identified in shear zones within the gouges indicating their later formation by interaction of Mg-rich fluids with previous smectites. These fluids probably derived from Miocene seawater expelled from the underlying Transitional–Marine Complex “TMC” by compaction.Sedimentation, fracturing and cementation occurred in a very short lapse time of about 6–7 Ma, between the Serravalian-Tortonian age of the sediments and the end of the extensional tectonics in the Vallès-Penedès fault (Pliocene). 相似文献
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等效水深截断是混合模型试验中非常重要的一步,合理的截断方案是模型试验成功的前提。现有的研究大多忽略对平台转动的考虑,该文在静态相似准则的基础上增加对平台转动的考虑,推导了系泊系统回复力和转矩的计算公式,建立了满足静态一致性的目标函数,进而采用粒子群算法进行等效水深截断优化设计。以某深水半潜式平台为例,首先在不考虑转动的情况下对其系泊系统进行等效截断,研究发现截断水深的变化对转矩的优化结果影响较大,从而证明了平台转动是应该考虑的。其次在考虑转动的情况下对系泊系统进行等效截断,通过水动力软件验证所优化的结果,证明该方法的可行性,为后续的等效水深截断优化设计的研究提供参考。 相似文献
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A. Benetazzo 《Ocean Engineering》2011,38(16):1755-1762
A new six Degree Of Freedom (6DOF) motion measurement technique for small-scale physical models of floating bodies is presented, based on analysis of image sequence from one camera. The proposed system consists of one camera and one target: the method estimates the 3-D rigid motion following the time evolution of the target of known pattern fixed to the moving body and framed by the camera. In particular, the rotation matrix and the translation vector of the 3-D rigid motion between initial still position and a generic moved position are calculated by assuming the existence of a planar homography between the camera CCD plane and the plane passing through the flat target surface. Geometrical relationship allows one the calculation of wanted 6DOFs for every point of the modeled body. In the paper, the method is mathematically presented in terms of equations of rigid motion with its associate accuracies. The image-based technique is illustrated on some tests carried out in an experimental multipurpose wave basin. 相似文献
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A one-dimensional thermodynamic model of melt pond is established in this paper.The observation data measured in the summer of 2010 by the Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition(CHINARE-2010) are used to partially parameterize equations and to validate results of the model.About 85% of the incident solar radiation passed through the melt pond surface,and some of it was released in the form of sensible and latent heat.However,the released energy was very little(about 15%),compared to the incident solar radiation.More than 58.6% of the incident energy was absorbed by melt pond water,which caused pond-covered ice melting and variation of pond water temperature.The simulated temperature of melt pond had a diurnal variation and its value ranged between 0.0°C and 0.3°C.The melting rate of upper pond-covered ice is estimated to be around two times faster than snow-covered ice.At same time,the change of melting rate was relatively quick for pond depth less than 0.4 m,while the melting rate kept relatively constant(about 1.0 cm/d) for pond depth greater than 0.4 m. 相似文献
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研究了Mbius变换f,g不动点的关系对它们的极限球或超球之间位置的影响。证明了,在〈g,f〉离散群且二者的不动点集合相等时,当g,f为抛物变换时,范数越大,极限球越小;当g,f为双曲变换时,迹越大,超球越小;当g,f为椭圆变换时,旋转角越大,超球越小。如果〈g,f〉是离散群且二者没有公共不动点,并且f,g共轭时,则存在一个正数,使得f,g的极限球或超球不相交。 相似文献
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趋磁细菌(magnetotactic bacteria,MTB)是一类能够沿着磁力线运动的特殊细菌。MTB在胞内磁小体的导向下借助自身鞭毛进行趋磁趋氧运动,以到达适宜的生境。本研究在青岛潮间带沉积物中发现大量的趋磁球菌,通过光镜与透射电镜对其运动方式与显微结构进行观察。结果显示优势趋磁细菌为卵球形,大小为2.5μm×2.1μm,宽长比为0.85,将其命名为QH-3。QH-3为趋北型(North-seeking)MTB,运动速度88μm/s,细胞内两侧各有一条由棱柱形颗粒组成的磁小体链。QH-3在菌体同一侧有两个由直径62 nm±9 nm的鞘包裹7根鞭毛组成的鞭毛束。这种特殊的鞭毛结构与已报道的致病菌的不同,而与法国地中海趋磁球菌MO-1的相似。 相似文献
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南极海冰的生消冻融与全球气候变化息息相关,多年以来受到国际社会的高度关注。目前已有诸多关于南极海冰范围变化的研究,但大部分是基于卫星遥感影像来展开分析。Argo观测网遍布全球各大洋,为海冰范围研究提供了一种新的思路,即根据浮标GPS点的南部边界推算南极海冰边界,由浮标的年、月累积数据得到南极海冰范围的年际、月际变化规律。对于这种研究思路提出了三种实现方法:(1)绘制专题图,可以清晰直观地看到南极海冰在2—9月间的生消变化情况;(2)利用南极附近浮标GPS点数量占全球比例的变化情况来分析海冰变化规律,在月际变化趋势上与影像数据一致,在年际变化上稍显不足;(3)使用点密度分析方法估计海冰边界,建立基于浮标GPS点密度的海冰-海水分界模型,可得到南极海冰范围变化规律的定量分析结果。浮标数据与影像数据互为补充,可为全球气候变化研究提供更多参考。 相似文献