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1.
水产动物致病性副溶血弧菌双重PCR 检测方法的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)是多种水产养殖动物的主要病原菌,尤其是可引起凡纳滨对虾幼虾呈毁灭性死亡。本研究基于gyrB和toxR两种基因序列设计2对特异性引物,建立一种副溶血弧菌快速、准确的双重PCR检测方法,扩增目的片段大小分别为285 bp和368 bp。结果表明在同一PCR反应体系中副溶血弧菌可同时扩增大小分别为285 bp和368 bp的2种基因片段,两种引物对4种其他水产动物病原菌无交叉反应;敏感性检测结果显示,该双重PCR最低能检测8.867 2×103 CFU/mL菌体浓度的副溶血弧菌,对副溶血弧菌模板DNA的检出极限为0.029 3 mg/L;对发病中国对虾糠虾幼体、水产品及虾池养殖用水进行双重PCR检测,呈阳性反应的样品可分离出优势生长的副溶血弧菌。该实验所建立的基于gyrB和toxR两种基因的双重PCR检测方法可用于副溶血弧菌引起的水产动物疾病的快速诊断及分子流行病学的调查研究。 相似文献
2.
本研究将交叉引物恒温扩增技术(cross priming amplification,CPA)与核酸试纸条相结合建立一种副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)快速可视化检测方法。针对副溶血性弧菌特有的不耐热溶血素基因tlh的六个不同区域设计两对特异性引物和一对检测探针,通过优化反应条件确定了最佳反应体系。CPA-核酸试纸条方法对副溶血性弧菌的检测具有较强的特异性,对纯培养物的检测灵敏度达到58 cfu/m L,对污染牡蛎中副溶血性弧菌的检测灵敏度为5.2 cfu/g,比传统的PCR技术灵敏度提高了10倍,且具有较高的稳定性。交叉引物恒温扩增技术与核酸试纸条相结合的方法操作简便、特异性强、灵敏度高且能有效防止污染,可用于现场及基层单位副溶血性弧菌的快速检测。 相似文献
3.
采用分子生物学方法,以霍乱弧菌lolB为靶基因设计特异性引物,进行了霍乱弧菌的PCR和环介导等温核酸扩增(Loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)检测技术研究,并对它们的特异性、灵敏性和实际应用进行了比较.结果表明,所建立的PCR检测霍乱弧菌的方法最低检测限为4.0× 103 CFU/ml; LAMP检测方法在65℃下恒温扩增60min,检测限为4.0×101 CFU/ml,反应产物加入荧光染料SYBR Green Ⅰ后反应液呈现明显的绿色;以温和气单胞菌、副溶血弧菌、鳗弧菌及美人鱼弧菌为对照菌株,检测结果均为阴性;霍乱弧菌人工染菌的8种水产品进行PCR及LAMP检测,结果均为阳性,而未染菌组均为阴性;PCR及LAMP检测霍乱弧菌的方法均具有灵敏度较高、特异性强等优点,且LAMP检测霍乱弧菌的方法灵敏度是PCR方法的100倍,更适合于养殖现场检测的推广使用. 相似文献
4.
提要应用BLAST程序和DNAstar软件,比较分析了5株副溶血弧菌和其他细菌的16S—23S rDNA间区序列,选取IGSIA作为扩增靶区,结合相邻的16S rDNA序列,设计合成了一对特异性引物,通过优化扩增条件,建立了快速检测副溶血弧菌的PCR方法,对其特异性和敏感性进行了探讨,并初步进行了应用研究。结果表明,新建的PCR方法能特异性地扩增出大小为306bp和552bp的2条带,分别对应于副溶血弧菌的IGS0和IGSIA,检测灵敏度为5.6×102CFU/ml,半个工作日即可得到准确的结果,能有效检测出在杂色鲍、凡纳滨对虾和各种水质中的副溶血弧菌,适用于海洋水产动物副溶血弧菌病的早期快速诊断、水产品的检疫及水质环境的监测。 相似文献
5.
文蛤副溶血弧菌间接 ELISA检测技术的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
从患病文蛤组织内分离出一株细菌,回归感染试验证明是文蛤的致病菌,经鉴定为副溶血弧菌,灭活后(56 ℃,1 h)制成菌苗,用该菌苗制备兔抗血清,以辣根过氧化酶标记的羊抗兔血清(HRP-IgG)为酶标二抗,对副溶血弧菌进行间接ELISA快速检测.结果表明:应用间接 ELISA 技术检测副溶血弧菌具有较高的灵敏度,其最低检测极限为 1 × 105 cfu / mL.患病文蛤内脏团中副溶血弧菌的检出率为 80 %,无病症带菌文蛤中的检出率为 15 %,海水中副溶血弧菌的浓度低于最低检测极限.表明间接 ELISA检测法不仅可以用于发病文蛤的快速检测,而且能够检测出无病症的带菌的文蛤,为有效预防副溶血弧菌病的暴发提供了检测手段. 相似文献
6.
养殖大黄鱼副溶血弧菌的酶联免疫吸附法研究 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
本文建立了网箱养殖大黄鱼病原菌--副溶血弧菌酶联免疫吸附法,也即间接ELISA快速检测方法.用0.5×10-3(V/V)甲醛、30℃作用8h灭活病原菌制成菌苗.用该菌苗免疫新西兰兔获得特异性抗血清,以辣根过氧化物酶标记羊抗兔IgG为标记第二抗体,对副溶血弧菌进行间接ELISA快速检测,其最低检测极限为5×104CFU/cm3.现埸检测养殖水体中没有副溶血弧菌检出,患病大黄鱼肝脏副溶血弧菌的检出率为70%,外观健康大黄鱼肝脏副溶血弧菌的检出率为20%.现埸检测结果表明间接ELISA检测法不仅可以用于患病大黄鱼病原菌的快速检测,而且能够检测出无病症带菌大黄鱼. 相似文献
7.
弗尼斯弧菌(Vibrio furnissii)是近年来国内外学者公认的新食源性致病菌,对全球公共卫生和食品安全造成潜在威胁。本研究根据弗尼斯弧菌的toxS基因分别设计了普通PCR引物和实时荧光PCR引物、探针,建立了用于弗尼斯弧菌快速检测的普通PCR方法和实时荧光PCR方法,对这2种方法的特异性和灵敏度进行比较分析。研究表明,建立的普通PCR方法和实时荧光PCR方法特异性良好,检测灵敏度分别为2 400和24CFU/mL,2种方法的检测灵敏度分别是传统培养方法的10和1 000倍,同时对384份水产品和食品样品进行检测,共检出6株阳性菌株。本研究建立的基于弗尼斯弧菌toxs基因的2种PCR方法特异性均为100%,灵敏度分别为2 400和24CFU/mL,完全满足了弗尼斯弧菌的检测标准,可应用于食品样品中弗尼斯弧菌的检测。 相似文献
8.
检测海洋弧菌的酶联免疫吸附试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究建立中国对虾病原菌┐副溶血弧菌（Ｖｉｂｒｉｏｐａｒａｈａｅｍｏｌｙｔｉｃｕｓ）的间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）快速检测技术。间接ＥＬＩＳＡ技术中的副溶血弧菌的特异抗血清由家兔制备，羊抗兔ＩｇＧ用碱性磷酸酶标记，酶的底物为对磷酸基硝基苯。将该技术标准化后，测定了抗血清与１３株其它副溶血弧菌菌株及２９株其它弧菌标准菌株的交叉反应，并进行了苗期对虾样品中副溶血弧菌的检测 相似文献
9.
副溶血弧菌广泛分布于海洋环境中,虽然大多数环境菌株并非致病菌,但它们常常携有毒力基因,从而具有潜在的致病性。本文从黄海(山东青岛)海水中分离到一株副溶血弧菌D3112,对其进行了全基因组测序、溶血实验和人工感染实验等。基因组测序分析发现D3112并不含有副溶血弧菌的致病性标志溶血素基因tdh和trh,这与PCR检测结果一致,但含有其他溶血素基因以及多种毒力相关基因。生物学实验显示,该菌可产生明显的溶血现象,而且具有蛋白酶、明胶酶、脂酶和淀粉酶活性,但是缺少卵磷脂酶活性。人工感染实验表明副溶血弧菌D3112具有致病性,感染斑马鱼的半致死剂量约为5×105CFU。药物敏感实验证明了D3112具有多重耐药性。本文对海洋环境中的副溶血弧菌D3112同时开展了基因型和表型研究,为准确评价环境细菌的潜在致病性提供了有用的数据信息。 相似文献
10.
溶藻弧菌的PCR快速检测方法 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为建立溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)的PCR快速检测方法,本研究根据弧菌toxR基因的高变区序列设计1对扩增片段为161 bp的引物,进行了特异性和敏感性试验.结果表明该方法能特异地检测溶藻弧菌,每个PCR反应检测的敏感度为0.01 pg的DNA和3.7CFU的细菌.用溶藻弧菌人工感染大菱鲆,以建立的PCR方法检测感染鱼的肝、脾、肾阳性检出率为100%.该方法可用于对感染溶藻弧菌的水生动物疾病进行诊断. 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
15.
16.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
17.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
18.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献
19.
This study tests the hypothesis that the in situ void ratio of surficial marine sediments may be predicted from shear wave velocity-depth data with a reliability equal to that of other methods currently available. Shear wave velocity is fundamentally controlled by the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of material and by the effective stress across those contacts. In this study, three previously established empirical formulae are used to predict void ratio from velocity-depth data. Field data were acquired along a transect off the northern Californian coast across which water depth increased from 35 to 70 m and seafloor sediment type varied from sand to silty-sand, respectively. A towed seafloor sled device was used to collect shear wave refraction data, and a marked, systematic decrease in velocity was observed along the line, ranging from 35-70 m/s for the coarse, near-shore material to 25-40 m/s for the finer, offshore deposits. Void ratios predicted from these velocities were compared with data measured directly from box-core samples. Of the formulae used for prediction, two agree remarkably well with the control data. Both predicted and control values increase from 0.6-0.8 for the sandy material to 1.1-1.5 for the silty-sand. Thus, this study does not disprove the hypothesis set and demonstrates the potential of field shear wave velocity-depth data as a means of delineating spatial variation in void ratio for surficial marine sediments in a remote, nondestructive manner. 相似文献
20.
Particulate samples were collected from the Changjiang river system during a flood period, in May 1997, and POC, stable isotope and lipids associated with particles were examined. Results showed the decrease (0.84% ～ 1.88%) of organic carbon content from the upper reaches to the estuary.δ13C values of particulate organic carbon was in the range of -24.9×10-3 to -26.6×10-3, which were close to the isotopic signature of continental C3 vegetation. Total particulate n-alkanes concentrations varied from 1.4 to 10.1μg/dm3,or from 23.7 to 107μg/g of total suspended matter. Fatty acids were present in all the samples, from 1.4 to 5.4μg/dm3, with saturated and unsaturated straight-chain and branched compounds in the carbon number range from C12 to C30. Both δ13C and the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content indicate the predominance of terrestrial inputs (soil organic matter) among the particles. The biomarker approach has been used to identify the relative portion of terrigenous and autochthonous fraction in the particulate samples. The distribution of fatty acids suggests a striking phytoplanktonic and microbial signal in most particle samples. The terrestrial alkanes are used to estimate the contribution of terrestrial inputs along the mainstream. 相似文献