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1.
运用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析和HPLC等技术,采用活性追踪分离的方法,对南海短指软珊瑚Sinularia sp.的化学成分进行了研究.从乙醇提取物中分离获得单体化合物,运用NMR,MS等波谱技术鉴定了8个化合物的结构,分别为:3β-羟基-24-亚甲基胆甾-5-烯-7-酮(1),孕甾烯醇酮(2),cembrene A(3),epoxycembrane A(4),4,8,12-trimethyl-1-(1-methylethenyl)-3,7-cyclotetradecadien-10-one(5),(3E,7E,11E)-11,12-dihydroxy-1-isopropyl-4,8,12-trimethyicyclotetradeca-1,3,7-triene(6),邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(7)和十九烷-2-酮(8).化合物5和8为首次从珊瑚动物中分离得到,6为首次从短指软珊瑚属中分离得到.化合物3和4显示较强的卤虫致死活性.西松烷二萜类化合物是该短指软珊瑚中的重要活性成分. 相似文献
2.
一种中国南海枝网刺柳珊瑚次级代谢产物研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用硅胶、凝胶Sephadex LH-20、反相硅胶ODS柱色谱和HPLC等手段对一种中国南海枝网刺柳珊瑚Echino-gorgia sassapo reticulata(Esper)的次级代谢产物进行了研究。从提取物的乙酸乙酯相中分离获得13个单体化合物,运用现代波谱技术并结合文献数据,鉴定其结构分别为:尿嘧啶核糖核苷(1),2’-脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(2),2’-脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷(3),尿嘧啶(4),鲨肝醇(5),1-O-eicosanylglycerol(6),11,13-dihydro-7,11-dehydro-3-desoxy-zaluzalanin C(7),邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(8),邻苯二甲酸1-(2-甲基-丁基)酯-2-丁酯(9),(22E)-5-αcholest-22-ene-3α,5α,6-βtriol(10),(22E,24S)-24-methyl-5-αcholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6,β9-tetraol(11),(24S)-methylene cholestane-3β,5α,6,β18-tetrol(12),胆甾醇(13)。除了化合物3和13外,其他化合物均为首次从该属柳珊瑚中分离得到。另外化合物9为首次作为天然产物单体化合物分离得到,化合物12为首次从柳珊瑚中获得。对化合物1 3进行了卤虫致死活性及斑马鱼胚胎毒性测试。 相似文献
3.
从南海脆灯蕊柳珊瑚Junceella fragilis的二氯甲烷/乙醇提取物中分离得到13个化合物,通过光谱分析及文献对照,它们的结构分别被鉴定为:stigmasta-5,28-diene-3,24-diol(1),stigmasta-5,22-diene-3-ol(2),24α-methylcholest-7,22-dien-3,β5α,6-tβriol(3),cholesterol(4),1,2-O-[2’-hydroxyoctadecyl]-glycerol(5),ba-tyl alcohol(6),N-palmitoyloctadecasphinga-4(E)-ene(7),(2S,3S,4R,8E)-2-N-(2-hydroxytetracosanoyl)octa-decasphinga-8-ene(8),1-O--βD-glycopyranosyl-(2S,3S,4R,8Z)-2-N-(2-hydroxytetracosanoyl)octadecasphinga-8-ene(9),uracil(10),thymine(11),purine(12),adenosine(13);其中化合物1,3,5,7,8,9,13均为首次从该种海洋动物中分离得到。 相似文献
4.
一种南海鼠尾藻次级代谢产物及其克生活性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在卤虫致死活性的指导下,综合运用正、反相硅胶柱层析,Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析,制备HPLC等分离技术,对褐藻马尾藻属鼠尾藻Sargassumthunbergii进行了克生活性次级代谢产物研究。从鼠尾藻乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯相中分离获得11个单体化合物,运用NMR,MS,IR等波谱技术鉴定了结构,分别为:2-[(3S,7S,11S)-3-hydroxy-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecyl]-3,5,6-tri methylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione(1),5-脱氢豆甾醇(2),盐藻甾醇(3),马尾藻甾醇(4),盐藻甾酮(5),过氧化麦角甾醇(6),1-(hexadecy1oxy)-propane-2,3-diol(7),1-(15-methylheptadecy1oxy)-propane-2,3-diol(8),3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecane-1-ol(9),植醇(10),3-[(1-oxohexadecyl)oxy]-2-[[(9Z,12Z)-1-oxo-9,12-oc-tadecadien-1-yl]oxy]propyl(11)。其中,除化合物10外均为首次从马尾藻属中分离得到。对化合物进行了卤虫致死活性和斑马鱼胚胎毒性评价,结果显示,化合物1,5和6具有中等强度的卤虫致死活性;化合物6具有中等的斑马鱼胚胎毒性,EC50值为21.7μg/mL。 相似文献
5.
对采自广西涠州岛近海多管藻(Poiysiphonia urceolata)分离到的一株内生真菌EN-22的次生代谢产物的化学成分进行了研究.利用正相硅胶柱层析、葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱层析、制备薄层层析(PTLC)以及重结晶等分离手段从该菌发酵液中分离得到15个化合物,通过一维、二维核磁共振技术、质谱技术等鉴定了所有化合物的结构,分别为:4-(4-喹啉)-4-羟基-2-丁酮(1),3-羟基-3-(2-氧丙基)吲哚-2-酮(2),3-吲哚乙醇(3),3-吲哚甲酸(4),2-羟基-3-吲哚丙酸(5),2-酮-3-吲哚乙醇(6),3,3-二吲哚-2-羟基-丙醇(7),β-咔啉(8),尿嘧啶(9),环-(S-脯氨酸-S-异亮氨酸)(10),(22E,24R)-3β,5α,9α-三羟基麦角甾-7,22-二烯-6-酮(11),(22E,24R)-5α,6α-环氧麦角甾-8,22-二烯-3β,7α-二醇(12),5α,6α-环氧-24(R)-甲基胆甾-7,22-二烯-3β-醇(13),胡萝卜苷(14),过氧化麦角甾醇(15);其中化合物1和2为新天然产物,并首次报道化合物1的碳谱数据. 相似文献
6.
从南海圆裂短足软珊瑚(Cladiella krempfi)中分离出12个甾体化合物,分别鉴定为:1,2-[1',3',4']oxodithiin-pregna-20-en-3-one(1);19-nor-4-methylpregna-1,3,5(10),20-tetraen-1-ol(2);pregna-1-en-3-one-20-ol(3);pregna-1,7-dien-20-ol-3-one(4);pregna-5,20-dien-3-O-α-fucopyranoside(5);pregna-20-en-3-O-α-fu-copyranoiside(6);孕甾-1,20-二烯-3-酮(7);孕甾-1,4,20-三烯-3-酮(8);24-甲基-5α-胆甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5,6β-三醇(9);26-甲基-24-亚甲基胆甾-5烯-3β-醇(10);胆甾-5-烯-3β醇(11);β-谷甾醇(12).化合物1～6系首次从Cladiella属软珊瑚中获得的孕甾类化合物.对所获得化合物的生源途径进行了初步讨论. 相似文献
7.
采用硅胶柱层析色谱法、中压正相柱层析色谱法、中压反相柱层析色谱法以及半制备高效液相色谱法对中国南海软珊瑚来源真菌Acremonium sp. SCSIO41216的大米发酵产物进行分离纯化, 并使用核磁共振、质谱等波谱学方法, 结合其理化性质及文献数据鉴定了7个单体化合物结构: fischexanthone(1)、sydowinin A (2)、(22E)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (3)、16-O-去乙酰基夫西地酸内酯(4)、环-(S)-脯氨酸-(R)-亮氨酸(5)、环-(S)-脯氨酸-8-羟基-(R)-异亮氨酸(6)和环(L)-脯氨酸-(L)-苯丙氨酸(7)。化合物1—7均首次从海洋软珊瑚来源的枝顶孢属真菌(Acremonium sp.)中分离获得。 相似文献
8.
焦曲霉(Aspergillusustus)TK-5是分离自土耳其海域海鞘(Pyuramomus)新鲜组织中的一株内生真菌,利用正相与反相硅胶柱层析、葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱层析以及高效液相制备等色谱方法从其发酵产物中分离得到17个化合物,通过一维、二维核磁共振、质谱等技术鉴定了所有化合物的结构,分别为血苋烷型倍半萜类化合物strobilactone A(1), ustusolate E(2), ustusolate C(3), ustusolate D(4),11-hydroustusolate E(5), 11, 6’-hydroustusolate E(6),(2’E, 4’E, 6’E)-6-(1’-carboxyocta-2’, 4’, 6’-triene)-11,12-epoxy-9, 11-dihydroxydrim-7-ene(7), 12-hydroxy-6-epi-albrassitriol (8), ustusolate A (9), deoxyuvidin B(10)和二倍半萜类化合物6-epi-ophiobolinG(11),(6α)-21,21-O-dihydroophiobolinG(12),6-epi-ophiobolin K(13), ophiobolin P(14) ophiobolin H(15), ophiobolin Q(16)及ophiobolin R(17)。活性筛选表明化合物2、6、7、9、11和13对神经氨酸酶具有一定的抑制活性,其半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为31.8、37.3、28.4、36.8、46.6和37.6μmol/L。 相似文献
9.
本文研究了具有克服肿瘤耐药活性的软珊瑚共附生真菌Aspergillus sp. EGF 15-0-3苯甲醛类化学成分。采用硅胶柱层析、十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶层析、Sephadex LH-20层析、高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC)等多种方法进行分离纯化; 通过核磁共振波谱(nuclear magnetic resonance, NMR)、质谱(mass spectrometry, MS)等现代波谱分析及物理常数对照等方法进行结构鉴定; 采用MTT法对苯甲醛部位和单体化合物进行克服肿瘤耐药活性研究。从EGF15-0-3的苯甲醛部位共得到9个苯甲醛类化合物, 结构依次为flavoglaucin (1)、tetrahydroauroglaucin (2)、isoaspergin (3)、 isotetrahydroauro-glaucin (4)、dihydroauroglaucin (5)、isodihydroauroglaucin (6)、2-(1',5'-heptadienyl)-3, 6-dihydroxy-5-(3'-methyl-2'-butenyl) benzaldehyde (7)、auro-glaucin (8)和2-(2',3-epoxy-1'-heptenyl)-6-hydroxy-5- (3'methyl-2'-butenyl) benzaldehyde (9)。体外克服肿瘤耐药活性研究表明, 苯甲醛类化合物9具有较强的克服肿瘤耐药活性, 可能是由于其结构2位烷基侧链与3羟基形成吡喃环所致。 相似文献
10.
在生物活性测定指导下,综合运用硅胶柱层析、凝胶柱层析以及半制备HPLC等方法,从南海海绵Xestospongiatestudinaria来源的一株共附生真菌Pleosporaceae sp.发酵液的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离鉴定出5个甾体类化物,通过NMR,MS等波谱技术鉴定其结构分别为:(22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxy-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol(1),(22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxy-ergosta-6,9,22-trien-3β-ol(2),(22E)-ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol(3),ergosta-6α-hydroxy-4,22-dien-3-one(4),(22E)-5α-cholesta-7,22-diene-3β,5α,6β-triol(5)。这些化合物均为首次从Pleosporaceae属真菌中分离获得。化合物1,4和5具有较强的卤虫Ar-temia salina致死活性,化合物1还显示强的抗藤壶Balanus amphitrite附着活性,其EC50为0.85μg/mL。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Derek V. Ellis 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(1):51-63
This article reviews information recently available from existing marine and coastal mining for responses to environmental issues affecting marine mining at different depths. It is particularly but not exclusively concerned with those issues affecting seabed biodiversity impact and recovery. Much information has been gathered in the past 10 years from shallow mining operations for construction aggregate, diamonds, and gold, from coastal mines discharging tailings to shallow and deep water, and from experimental deep mining tests. The responses to issues identified are summarized in a series of eight tables intended to facilitate site-specific consideration. Since impacts can spread widely in the surface mixing layer SML, and can affect the biologically productive euphotic zone, the main issues considered arise from the depth of mining relative to the SML of the sea. Where mining is below the SML, the issue is whether it is environmentally better to bring the extraction products to the surface vessel for processing (and waste discharge), or to process the extraction products as much as possible on the seabed. Responses to the issues need to be sitespecific, and dependent on adequate preoperational environmental impact and recovery prediction. For deep tailings disposal from a surface vessel, there are four important environmental unknowns: (1) the possible growth of "marine snow" (bacterial flocs) utilizing the enormous quantities of fine tailings particles (hundreds or thousands of metric tons per day) as nuclei for growth, (2) the possibility that local keystone plankton and nekton species may migrate diurnally down to and beyond the depth of deep discharge and hence be subjected to tailings impact at depth, (3) the burrow-up capability of deep benthos and their ability to survive high rates of tailings deposition, and (4) the pattern and rate of dispersion of a tailings density current through the deep water column from discharge point to seabed. Actions to obtain relevant information in general and site-specifically are suggested. 相似文献
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G. Parthiban 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):223-235
Particle fluxes were measured 7 m above the sea bottom during the predisturbance, disturbance, and postdisturbance periods by using time series sediment traps attached to seven deep-sea moorings deployed in the INDEX experiment site in the Central Indian Basin. The predisturbance particle fluxes varied between 22.3 to 55.1 mg m -2 day -1 . Increased and variable particle fluxes were recorded by the sediment traps during the disturbance period. The increase observed was 0.5 to 4 times more than the background predisturbance fluxes. The increases in particle fluxes (~4 times) recorded by the sediment trap located in the southwestern direction (DMS-1) were the greatest, which could be the result of preferential movement of resuspended particles generated during the deep-sea benthic disturbance along the general current direction prevailing in this area during the experimental period. Also, the traps located closer to the disturbance area recorded greater fluxes than did the traps far away, across the Deep Sea Sediment Resuspension System path. This variability in recorded particle fluxes by the traps around the disturbance area clearly indicates that physical characteristics such as grain size and density of the resuspended particles produced during the disturbance had an important effect on particle movement. The postdisturbance measurements during ~5 days showed a reduction in particle fluxes of ~50%, indicating rapid particle settlement. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
15.
The advanced piston corer (APC) has been used by the Ocean Drilling Program since 1985 for recovering soft sediments from the ocean floor. The pullout force measured on extracting the core barrel from the sediment is shown to correlate with the average shear strength of the sediment core measured in the ship's laboratory. A simple rule of thumb is derived relating the shear strength of the sediment to the pullout force. Multiple APC holes at individual sites allow the consistency of the pullout measurements to be assessed. The effects of different operational procedures during APC coring are also explored. Although generally applicable, the correlation between pullout force and laboratory measurements of shear strength breaks down for some APC holes, possibly because of the disturbance of some sediment types during the APC coring process. A better understanding of the physical process of APC coring, and its effect on the properties of the sediment both inside and immediately outside the core barrel, would indicate what confidence can be put on the measurement of pullout force as a way of evaluating the in situ shear strength of deep sea sediments. 相似文献
16.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
17.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(11):161-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献