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1.
为完全拟合河口近海复杂岸线和工程结构以及有效局部加密,设计并建立了一个无结构三角形网格二维河口海岸水动力数值模式。空间离散主要基于有限体积法以保证守恒性,时间积分采用预估修正法以提高精度。水位在三角形网格中心通过连续方程求解;水平x方向和y方向的流速U和V均在网格边中点上通过动量方程求解。流速平流项的求解中采用了TVD格式。TVD流速平流通量为一个一阶迎风格式通量和一个二阶格式通量的组合,一阶格式通量和二阶格式通量根据流速的局部分布情况得出配比,最终组合得到TVD通量。TVD格式具有低耗散和无频散的优点,提高了模式的稳定性。应用实测资料验证建立的模式,结果显示水位、流速和流向的计算值与实测值均符合良好。 相似文献
2.
在三维海洋模式POM基础上建立水质模型,采用中心差分格式、迎风格式以及Smolarkiewicz迎风格式离散物质输运方程.以三维理想水槽中连续源排放的浓度场预测为例,分析3种离散格式求解所得的浓度场.结果表明,3种格式的数值解与解析解的偏差均小于20%.中心差分格式会引起解的震荡,导致物质的反向输移,出现浓度负值.迎风格式能够保证浓度的正值,但该格式带来的数值耗散导致数值解与解析解偏离较大.Smolarkiewicz迎风格式在普通迎风格式基础上引入抗扩散流速,经多次叠代,能有效降低计算中的数值耗散,提高了计算精度. 相似文献
3.
基于原正交ECOM(Estuarine Coastal and Ocean Model)模式，把它改进为非正交曲线坐标系下模式，以较好地拟合河口海岸岸线的变化，有效提高局部空间分辨率，提高计算速度和精度；应用预估修正法提高模式的稳定性；扣除局域平均密度层结提高。坐标系下斜压压强梯度力的计算精度；采用Euler-Lagrange方法改进物质输运方程中的平流项计算方法。数值试验结果证明以上4种方法有效地提高了模式的计算精度。把改进的模式应用于长江河口、杭州湾及邻近海区，模拟结果与观测资料较为一致。改进后的模式可更好地应用于河口海岸的研究中。 相似文献
4.
讨论交替蛙跳格式在二维POM的运用。这个交替蛙跳格式是在z坐标下开发的针对线性浅水波方程的一种新的高效无耗散的格式。首先通过一维问题的试验,给出了σ坐标下非线性浅水波的演化特性及其交替蛙跳格式的数值特性,证实该格式的可行性以及优于传统格式的计算效率、守恒性及稳定性。其次,针对该格式二维问题运用讨论了科氏项相应的数值处理,给出了一套完整的数值计算方法,并应用于正压方程和POM外模的数值计算。研究表明,交替蛙跳格式具有两倍于传统蛙跳格式的计算效率,且不再需要Assenlin时间滤波,由此避开了时间滤波带来的数值衰减,具有良好的数值守恒性能。 相似文献
5.
LAGFD-WAM海浪数值模式是一种第三代海浪数值模式，通过求解波数谱平衡方程，并考虑风输入、波浪破碎耗散、底摩擦耗散、波波非线性相互作用和波流相互作用等源函数，模拟波数空间下的海浪方向谱，并依此获得海浪的波高、周期和平均波向。该模式的一个显著特点是采用特征线嵌入格式求解海浪的传播。在进行浅水区域的海浪模拟时，特征线嵌入格式的数值计算方案是否合理对海浪数值模拟结果产生直接的影响。为此LAGFD-WAM海浪数值模式提出了一种新的特征线混合数值计算格式，并应用于浅水海浪数值模拟。结果表明，采用该计算方法，能够使数值模拟结果与实测结果很好符合。 相似文献
6.
1994年发生在台湾海峡的一次地震海啸的数值模拟 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
建立了一个地震海啸数值模式,模式包含越洋海啸传播部分和近岸海啸变形部分,在越洋海啸传播部分中采用线性浅水方程,使用蛙跃格式求解,并且选择合适的空间步长与时间步长,使差分格式中产生的数值频散与包辛尼斯克方程中的物理频散一致,这样在不影响海啸数值计算精度的前提下,节省了计算机的机时与内存.在近岸海啸变形部分的计算中,考虑了非线性对流项与海底摩擦项.同时该模式采用了多重网格嵌套技术,提高了所关心地区的计算精度.利用这个地震海啸模式模拟了1994年发生在台湾海峡的一次地震海啸,结果与观测记录较吻合.这个模型已用于我国沿海核电站可能最大地震海啸的数值计算. 相似文献
7.
石岛湾海域排污口位置优选 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在石岛湾计算潮流场基础上,建立拉格朗日余流模型,对拟选排污口附近污水质点运动进行了数值跟踪,通过对计算结果的分析,从拉格朗日输运角度提出排污口位置。 相似文献
8.
杨宗严 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(2)
利用Ｂ－样条函数．文中发展了一个对流扩散方程欧拉－拉格朗日方法的插值格式．改善了其数值频散性。算例表明，此格式优于一次和二次插值格式。文中给出了Ｂ－样条插值格式的二维及三维推广。 相似文献
9.
为了评价物质入海通量对地区的影响,有必要对入海通量进行统计分析,并对其控制因子进行研究.由于机制分解方法物理概念清晰,采用此方法.从物质平衡入手,分析物质输运机理,描述不同类型河口的特点,并在实测资料的基础上,研究珠江口内伶仃洋河口湾的盐度输运,对比各动力因子对盐度贡献项的大小,结果表明盐度纵向净通量主要是由纵向净平流输运控制,斯托克斯漂移和垂向净环流引起的盐度输运也不容忽视. 相似文献
10.
自从1952年Hansen提出用数值计算的方法求解潮汐方程以来,数值计算方法在国外已有了长足的进展,国内也得到了越来越多的应用。1969-1978年,在潮流大面预报工作中,我所与国家海洋局科技情报研究所等单位合作,对黄海东部、东海、朝鲜海峽、台湾海峡等海区进行了潮汐潮流的数值计算。在这些计算中,略去了非线性平流加速度的影响,这在水较深的中型海区是完全允许的;但在浅海,当未扰动水位之上的水表面高度可与平均水深相比拟时,平流项就不能省略。一九七九年,山东海洋学院王化桐等人采用Leendertse的差分格式对胶州湾进行了数值计算,考虑了非线性平流加速度的影响,但该格式以海图0米等深线作为固定的水-陆边界,没有考虑到潮间带。为了计算近岸浅水海区的潮汐潮流,本文采用R.A. Flather和N.S. Heaps的格式,编制了在108-乙机上计算任意形状近岸浅水海区潮汐潮流的手编程序,并以胶州湾为例进行了试算。
在试算时,我们用四组计算对非线性平流加速度的影响和潮间带的影响进行了比较，得出了在胶州湾这样的潮间带约占四分之一的近岸浅水海区,潮间带的影响比非线性平流加速度的影响更加明显的结论。
这四组计算是：
I.不考虑潮间带(以平均水深0米作为固定的水-陆边界,并略去了平流项)；
Ⅱ.不考虑潮间带,但考虑平流项；
Ⅲ.考虑潮间带(海陆边界沿网格移动),但略宏平流项;
IV.考虑潮间带,又考虑平流项. 相似文献
11.
Spurious diapycnal mixing in terrain-following coordinate models: The problem and a solution 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
In this paper, we identify a crucial numerical problem in sigma coordinate models, leading to unacceptable spurious diapycnal mixing. This error is a by-product of recent advances in numerical methods, namely the implementation of high-order diffusive advection schemes. In the case of ROMS, spurious mixing is produced by its third-order upwind advection scheme, but our analysis suggests that all diffusive advection schemes would behave similarly in all sigma models. We show that the common idea that spurious mixing decreases with resolution is generally false. In a coarse-resolution regime, spurious mixing increases as resolution is refined, and may reach its peak value when eddy-driven lateral mixing becomes explicitly resolved. At finer resolution, diffusivities are expected to decrease but with values that only become acceptable at resolutions finer than the kilometer. The solution to this problem requires a specifically designed advection scheme. We propose and validate the RSUP3 scheme, where diffusion is split from advection and is represented by a rotated biharmonic diffusion scheme with flow-dependent hyperdiffusivity satisfying the Peclet constraint. The rotated diffusion operator is designed for numerical stability, which includes improvements of linear stability limits and a clipping method adapted to the sigma-coordinate. Realistic model experiments in a southwest Pacific configuration show that RSUP3 is able to preserve low dispersion and diffusion capabilities of the original third-order upwind scheme, while preserving water mass characteristics. There are residual errors from the rotated diffusion operator, but they remain acceptable. The use of a constant diffusivity rather than the Peclet hyperdiffusivity tends to increase these residual errors which become unacceptable with Laplacian diffusion. Finally, we have left some options open concerning the use of time filters as an alternative to spatial diffusion. A temporal discretization approach to the present problem (including implicit discretization) will be reported in a following paper. 相似文献
12.
深海钢悬链立管触地点动力响应分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究深海钢悬链立管(SCR)在海洋环境载荷作用下的动力响应.利用非线性弹簧模拟立管与海床触地点的耦合模型,通过模态分析得到钢悬链立管的动力特性参数;时域动力响应分析获得不同工况下触地点及典型部位的位移、弯矩和应力时程.比较分析表明:浮体垂荡运动对触地点的应力状态影响较大,触地点附近存在钢悬链立管动力响应过程中的位移极值点和弯矩极值点.所提方法为触地点区域模拟分析提供了新思路,给出的分析结论对钢悬链立管设计有一定借鉴意义. 相似文献
13.
Numerical Simulation of Water Exchange Characteristics of the Jiaozhou Bay Based on A Three-Dimensional Lagrangian Model 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Based on theory of three-dimensional hydrodynamics,an Euler-Lagrangian particle model is established to study the transport and water exchange capability in the Jiaozhou Bay.The three-dimensional hydrodynamic model,driven by tide and wind,is used to study the effects of wetting and drying of eatuarine intertidal flats by the dry-wet grid technology based on the Estuarine,Coastal and Ocean Model (ECOM).The particle model includes the advection and the diffusion processes,of which the advection process is simulated with a certain method,and the diffusion process is simulated with the random walk method.The effect of the intertidal zone,the turbulent diffusion and the timescales of the water exchange are also discussed.The results show that a moving boundary model can simulate the transport process of the particle in the intertidal zone,where the particles are transported for a longer distance than that of the stationary result.Simulations with and without the turbulent random walk show that the effect of turbulent diffusion is very effective at spreading particles throughout the estuary and speeding up the particle movement.The spatial distribution of residence time is given to quantify the water exchange capability that has very important ramifications to water quality.The effect of wind on the water exchange is also examined and the southeasterly wind in summer tends to block the water exchange near the northeast coast,while the northerly wind in winter speeds up the transport process.These results indicate that the Lagrangian particle model is applicable and has a large potential to help understanding the water exchange capability in estuaries,which can also he useful to simulate the transport process of contaminant. 相似文献
14.
New Eulerian-Lagrangian Method for Salinity Calculation 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
A difference scheme in curvilinear coordinates is put forward for calculation of salinity in estuaries and coastal waters, which is based on Eulerian-Lagrangian method. It combines first-order and second-order Lagrangian interpolation to reduce numerical dispersion and oscillation. And the length of the curvilinear grid is also considered in the interpolation. Then the scheme is used in estuary, coast and ocean model, and several numerical experiments for the Yangtze Estuary and the Hangzhou Bay are conducted to test it. These experiments show that it is suitable for simulations of salinity in estuaries and coastal waters with the models using curvilinear coordinates. 相似文献
15.
杨宗严 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,(4)
应用弱非线性理论导出了狭窄型河口内拉格朗日余流的控制方程和溶解质长期输运方程,并应用流速分解法和B—样条配置技术建立了潮汐及拉格朗日余流的数值模型,应用欧拉—拉格朗日方法和B—样条配置技术建立了长期物质输运方程的数值模型,对狭窄型河口内潮致—斜压拉格朗日余环流进行了研究。结果表明,河口垂向拉格朗日余环流,不同于欧拉余环流,呈现一种较复杂的流型,在盐水入侵界的上游可能存在一涡旋。作者提出,将河口按余环流生成机制和水动力特征分为斜压,潮控及河流三个区。 相似文献
16.
Advection and diffusion equation is an effective means of investigating the motional state of oil spills. Common study is based on the known initial and boundary conditions to calculate the equation onwards. Unlike previous works, in this paper we focus on backward calculating advection and diffusion equation, namely, starting computation from the moment when the oil spill is found back to the moment when the incident occurs. Through such a simulation, we hope to trace the track of oil spills … 相似文献
17.
应用 Prandtl混合长理论导得既包含梯度项又包含二阶导数的湍流通量闭合方案 ,并进一步分析了该封闭方案用于湍流扩散方程的数值解行为。分析表明 :(1)扩散项使污染物扩散并趋于空间均匀分布 ,而频散项导致污染物空间分布非均匀 ;(2 )所给出的改进后的一阶湍流封闭方案既可解释标量物质的局地反梯度输送现象又可能使 K理论用于混合层。 相似文献
18.
Grinson George Dattesh V. Desai Chetan A. Gaonkar V. M. Aboobacker P. Vethamony Arga Chandrashekar Anil 《Journal of Oceanography》2013,69(4):451-466
A two-dimensional hydrodynamic and particle tracking model was used to estimate the dispersion and retention of barnacle larvae from their possible spawning sites in a tropical monsoon-influenced estuarine system (central west coast of India). Validation of the hydrodynamic simulations yielded a good match with field measurements. The pattern of larval dispersal in the region varied with the winds and currents. The seasonal changes in abundance could be attributed to physical forcing and weather conditions. The extent of barnacle larval dispersal from spawning sites varied from 10 to 78 km for different sites and seasons. During a 24-h cycle, the larval abundance showed one to two peaks in the estuarine area. The increased larval abundance is favored by the flood currents, pushing the larvae into the estuary. Physical forcing in the region helps in transport of the larvae from their spawning sites hugging to the coast and contributing to the population within the estuary. Field observations and numerical experiments suggest the occurrence of higher larval abundance in the estuary during post-monsoon. The dispersal pattern indicated that the barnacle population present in the estuary is well mixed, and with a seasonally changing pattern. 相似文献
19.
Novel laboratory experiments and numerical modelling have been performed to study the advection scales of suspended sediment in the swash zone. An experiment was designed specifically to measure only the sediment picked up seaward of the swash zone and during bore collapse. The advection scales and settling of this sediment were measured during the uprush along a rigid sediment-free beach face by a sediment trap located at varying cross-shore positions. Measurements were made using a number of repeated solitary broken waves or bores. Approximately 25% of the pre-suspended sediment picked up by the bores reaches the mid-swash zone (50% of the horizontal run-up distance), indicating the importance of the sediment advection in the lower swash zone. The pre-suspended sediment is sourced from a region seaward of the shoreline (still water line) which has a width of about 20% of the run-up distance. An Eulerian–Lagrangian numerical model is used to model the advection scales of the suspended sediment. The model resolves the hydrodynamics by solving the non-linear shallow water equations in an Eulerian framework and then solves the advection–diffusion equation for turbulence and suspended sediment in a Lagrangian framework. The model provides good estimates of the measured mass and distribution of sediment advected up the beach face. The results suggest that the correct modelling of turbulence generation prior to and during bore collapse and the advection of the turbulent kinetic energy into the lower swash is important in resolving the contribution of pre-suspended sediment to the net sediment transport in the swash zone. 相似文献
20.
Estuary/ocean exchange and tidal mixing in a Gulf of Maine Estuary: A Lagrangian modeling study 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ata Bilgili Jeffrey A. Proehl Daniel R. Lynch Keston W. Smith M. Robinson Swift 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2005,65(4):607-624
A Lagrangian particle method embedded within a 2-D finite element code, is used to study the transport and ocean–estuary exchange processes in the well-mixed Great Bay Estuarine System in New Hampshire, USA. The 2-D finite element model, driven by residual, semi-diurnal and diurnal tidal constituents, includes the effects of wetting and drying of estuarine mud flats through the use of a porous medium transport module. The particle method includes tidal advection, plus a random walk model in the horizontal that simulates sub-grid scale turbulent transport processes. Our approach involves instantaneous, massive [O(500,000)] particle releases that enable the quantification of ocean–estuary and inter-bay exchanges in a Markovian framework. The effects of the release time, spring–neap cycle, riverine discharge and diffusion strength on the intra-estuary and estuary–ocean exchange are also investigated.The results show a rather dynamic interaction between the ocean and the estuary with a fraction of the exiting particles being caught up in the Gulf of Maine Coastal Current and swept away. Three somewhat different estimates of estuarine residence time are calculated to provide complementary views of estuary flushing. Maps of residence time versus release location uncover a strong spatial dependency of residence time within the estuary that has very important ramifications for local water quality. Simulations with and without the turbulent random walk show that the combined effect of advective shear and turbulent diffusion is very effective at spreading particles throughout the estuary relatively quickly, even at low (1 m2/s) diffusivity. The results presented here show that a first-order Markov Chain approach has applicability and a high potential for improving our understanding of the mixing processes in estuaries. 相似文献