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1.
红鳍东方鲀基因组微卫星特征分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对河豚基因组微卫星分布特征进行研究，在约365Mb基因组序列中共找到49647个微卫星序列，平均每隔7351个碱基就有1个。微卫星序列长度主要分布在20～60个碱基的长度范围内。全部微卫星序列重复区长度（2802374bp）占整个基因组的比例为0．77％。两碱基重复类型数目最多，为35339个，占总数的71．30％；其次是四碱基类型，6837个，占13．77％；再次分别是三碱基类型3548个，占7．1496。五碱基类型1856个，占3．73％，六碱基类型1605个，占3．23％，单碱基类型最少，共402个。占0．80％。按降序排列，出现最多的前20个微卫星重复类别为：CA，TG，GT，AC，GA，CT，TC，TA．AG，AT，TCCA，ATCC，TCTG，GATG，ATCT，CATC，TGGA，ATGG，GATA，GAG，占全部微卫星序列的75．21％。在河豚基因组中未发现CC微卫星序列的存在。与其它生物基因组中微卫星分布特征相比，河豚基因组具有更高的简洁性。本研究将为研究河豚微卫星标记、研究其群体遗传多样性，进行不同基因组的比较研究提供基础。 相似文献
2.
大竹蛏(Solen grandis)cDNA文库中微卫星标记的筛选 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用微卫星查找软件SSRIT对大竹蛏cDNA文库(2038条EST)中2—6个碱基重复单元组成的简单序列重复进行了筛选。最少重复次数设定为5次,共发现包含微卫星位点的EST96条,占整个EST数据库的4.71%;共发现微卫星位点103个,其中含双碱基重复序列77个,数量最多,占总数的74.76%;三、四碱基重复序列分别占微卫星序列总数的22.33%、2.91%,没有发现五或六碱基的重复。对含有SSR位点符合微卫星引物设计的EST序列,利用在线引物设计软件Primer3设计合成引物14对,以南通野生群体为模板PCR扩增和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳发现,其中5对有多态性位点。在5个微卫星位点上,等位基因的数目从2—7个不等,观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别为0.067—1.000和0.066—0.775,香农指数在0.146—1.545之间。结果表明,所筛选的微卫星标记可用于遗传分析。 相似文献
3.
利用微卫星查找软件对现已公布的6632条刺参ESTs的数据库中2—6个碱基重复单元组成的简单序列重复进行筛选,进而对其微卫星的丰度和分布进行比较研究。共发现微卫星序列416个,占整个ESTs数据库的6.48%;其中含双碱基重复序列146个,数量最多,占ESTs数据库中发现微卫星序列总数的65.86%;三、四、五、六碱基重复序列分别占微卫星序列总数的26.68%、1.68%、0.24%、5.53%。对含有SSR位点符合微卫星引物设计的EST序列利用Primer软件结合人工方法设计合成引物21对,其中13对有扩增产物且均为多态位点。扩增产物变性聚丙烯酰胺胶电泳,统计每个微卫星标记等位基因数目,计算等位基因频率、观测杂合度、期望杂合度等统计学指标的评价。结果表明,在13个微卫星位点上,等位基因的数目从3到8不等,等位基因长度从175—382bp,观测杂合度和期望杂合度分别为0.158—0.650和0.198—0.841,所筛选微卫星标记可于遗传分析。 相似文献
4.
条斑紫菜(Porphyra yezoensis)dbEST中筛选微卫星位点及引物种间转移扩增 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
采用电子查询的方法，借助Blast软件从条斑紫菜表达序列标签数据库的20979条序列中筛选微卫星位点，共发现非冗余微卫星位点211个，占整个条斑紫菜EST数据库的1．01％。其中双碱基重复微卫星位点共有35个，占查找微卫星序列总数的16．6％；三碱基微卫星有176个，占83．4％。双碱基重复微卫星中AG／CT形式最多，而三碱基中GGC／GCC最多。从筛选出的微卫星位点中选取序列设计合成引物，用在坛紫菜上进行引物种间转移扩增研究。在总共15对引物中有13对引物在两个种间都有扩增产物。结果表明，微卫星位点在这两种紫菜之间具有很高的同源性。获得的微卫星引物可用来进行种群遗传多样性研究、谱系鉴定和遗传图谱的构建。而微卫星标记的共显性可用来进行紫菜二倍体丝状体纯合性检验，为纯系紫菜品系的鉴定提供分子生物学鉴定方法。 相似文献
5.
坛紫菜EST-SSR筛选及其在遗传多样性分析中的实用性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
微卫星标记作为1种重要的分子标记,在分子标记辅助育种及遗传图谱构建中都起到重要的作用.EST文库搜索法是获得微卫星标记的途径之一, 本研究对坛紫菜EST数据库中6*!035条序列进行搜索,发现340条EST包含SSR序列,其中三碱基重复最多,占总数45.95%;其次是两碱基重复,占总数的45.38%;再次是六碱基和五碱基,分别占总数的5.78%和2.02%;四碱基最少,仅占总数的0.87%.在两碱基中AG,GA,TC,CT类型数量最多,占所有两碱基SSR的82.8%;在三碱基中CCG,CGC,GCC,GGC,GCG,CGG类型数量最多,占所有三碱基SSR的52.83%;其它重复次数中,各种类型所占比例相差不大.进一步比较坛紫菜与条斑紫菜EST-SSR序列,发现2种紫菜SSR类型及比例存在明显差异.根据EST-SSR序列设计合成了10对引物,其中4个位点在8个不同来源坛紫菜叶状体间存在多态性,说明从坛紫菜EST中筛选的SSR标记可以用于进行坛紫菜遗传多样性分析. 相似文献
6.
对均一化转录组测序获得的47604个曼氏无针乌贼的微卫星序列进行分析,结果表明,乌贼转录组中微卫星位点丰富,每1402nt的EST中就有一段不小于12nt长度的微卫星序列。单碱基重复是EST微卫星序列的主要形式(38.69%),其次依次为三碱基(31.14%)、二碱基(26.35%)、四碱基(3.29%)、五碱基(0.38%)、六碱基(0.14%)重复,短序列类型占微卫星总量的96.18%。同碱基类型的微卫星序列组成又存在差异,AC(54.51%)和AG(31.22%)是最常见的二碱基重复序列;而AGC(16.37%)和AAC(14.06%)是最常见的三碱基重复序列。通过引物设计和体系优化,共筛选到了24对多态性微卫星位点,对来自福建漳州海域的35只野生曼氏无针乌贼(Sepiella japonica)个体进行群体遗传学检测,结果表明,每个位点检测到的等位基因数3—10个不等(均值5.9个);平均杂合度观测值(Ho)和期望值(H_e)分别为0.518和0.681。除2个位点外所有位点的多态信息含量(PIC)都大于0.5。Hardy-Weinberg平衡检测表明,仅4个位点有显著偏离(P0.05),未检测到连锁不平衡现象。这表明转录组高通量测序技术适于乌贼微卫星位点的开发,获得的SSR标记可用于今后乌贼资源遗传评估和科学有效管理过程。 相似文献
7.
中国对虾微卫星DNA的筛选 总被引：35，自引：5，他引：35
于2000年2月以中国科学院海洋研究所水族楼暂养的中国虾对材料，采用常规方法从尾部肌肉中提取DNA，构建小片段部分基因组文章，采用人工设计合成的（CT）7，（AT）7重复征段作引物，利用RCR法对中国对虾小片段部分基因组文库进行筛,一实验首冼 对中国对虾中获得31个微卫星序列，分别分析于18个阳性重组克隆中，其中perfect共23个，占74％，imperfect2个，占7％，compound perfect1个，占3％，compound imperfect5个，占16％，结果还表明，在中国对虾基因组DNA中，（CT）n,(AT)n)形式的微卫星序列的含量非常丰富。 相似文献
8.
基于转录组数据的凡纳滨对虾微卫星标记开发 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对虾遗传多样性和育种研究需要大量的分子标记。作者利用凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)转录组测序数据,采用MISA软件进行微卫星序列挖掘,共获得14 767条微卫星序列。统计发现在凡纳滨对虾中微卫星出现的频率为16.76%;在所有的微卫星序列中,2碱基微卫星最多,占59.53%;其次是3碱基微卫星,占35.78%。随机选取其中74条序列设计引物,通过DNA混池扩增和分型的方法进行微卫星标记的开发,PCR扩增的显示有54对(72.97%)能扩增出清晰的目的条带,进一步分型的结果显示27条(36.49%)微卫星显示出多态性,从这些多态性的微卫星位点中选择11个位点在"科海1号"种质库材料中进行个体分型,结果显示在该群体中微卫星标记的等位基因数目为2~11个不等,期望杂合度值为0.256~0.858,观察杂合度为0.213~0.875,多态性信息含量为0.221~0.830,在11个位点中有4个位点显著偏离HWE(P0.05)。本研究结果为后续使用微卫星标记进行对虾遗传学研究,促进对虾的遗传选育和种质资源保护提供了重要基础。 相似文献
9.
探究横带髭鲷(Hapalogenysanalis)的种质资源情况以及群体的遗传多样性和遗传结构,对于其增养殖实践尤为重要。微卫星分子标记在研究物种种质情况及遗传信息方面有很大优势。采用基因组survey测序方法开发横带髭鲷微卫星位点,结果表明,横带髭鲷基因组大小为543Mb;微卫星位点丰富,共检测到280 378个完美型微卫星位点,相对丰度为415.17个/Mb。二核苷酸重复是最丰富的微卫星类型(56.05%),其次为单核苷酸(29.20%)、三核苷酸(10.28%)、四核苷酸(2.99%)、五核苷酸(1.03%)、六核苷酸(0.45%)重复,短序列重复类型占95.53%。重复单元中A/T, TG/CA为优势重复单元,分别占总微卫星位点数的22.37%和21.98%;10次重复和6次重复的微卫星位点数量最多,占横带髭鲷基因组微卫星总数的14.60%和12.46%。利用筛选出的20对多态性微卫星位点扩增一个供试群体进行群体遗传学检测。结果表明,各位点等位基因数从5到13不等,均值为8.75个;平均观测杂合度(Ho)和期望杂合度(He)分别为0.808和0.863;多态信息含量(PIC)均... 相似文献
10.
采用生物素磁珠富集法,用生物素标记的(GT)15和(CT)15两种探针与细角螺基因组 MseI 酶切的300~1200bp 片段杂交,杂交复合物与链霉亲和素磁珠结合,捕获含有重复序列的微卫星片段。最后将磁珠捕获到的重复序列与PMD19-T载体连接后克隆到DH5α中构建微卫星基因组文库。通过PCR检测出354个阳性克隆,从中随机选取248个片段大于500bp的阳性克隆进行测序,结果显示,在220个成功测序的阳性克隆中共获得278个微卫星序列,其中完美型171个,占61.5%;非完美型81个,占29.1%;复合型26个,占9.4%。除探针使用的GT和CT的重复序列外,还筛选到三碱基GTT、TGG、GAA、CAA;四碱基TCTA、ACAG、TAGA、GTGA、GTCT、GATA及五碱基TTTTG的重复序列。在278条序列中共有82条可以设计引物。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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18.
Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
19.
Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献
20.
The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献