共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
深海钢悬链立管触地点动力响应分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究深海钢悬链立管(SCR)在海洋环境载荷作用下的动力响应.利用非线性弹簧模拟立管与海床触地点的耦合模型,通过模态分析得到钢悬链立管的动力特性参数;时域动力响应分析获得不同工况下触地点及典型部位的位移、弯矩和应力时程.比较分析表明:浮体垂荡运动对触地点的应力状态影响较大,触地点附近存在钢悬链立管动力响应过程中的位移极值点和弯矩极值点.所提方法为触地点区域模拟分析提供了新思路,给出的分析结论对钢悬链立管设计有一定借鉴意义. 相似文献
2.
国外深水钢悬链线立管研究发展现状 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
介绍国外在新型深水立管系统--钢悬链线立管关键技术方面的研究发展现状,论述浮体一、二阶运动对钢悬链线立管疲劳寿命的影响、浮体升沉运动对钢悬链线立管触地点疲劳寿命的影响;钢悬链线立管与海底相互作用机制的实验研究及结果;钢悬链线立管涡致振动与疲劳的研究现状.并简要论述钢悬链线立管触地点问题的研究结论. 相似文献
3.
为了有效地考虑浮体慢漂运动对钢悬链线立管疲劳损伤的影响,提出了波频和慢漂运动组合作用下钢悬链线立管疲劳损伤简化计算的位置组合叠加法。其核心是:基于浮体慢漂运动概率分布选取若干典型慢漂位置,进行波频运动作用下钢悬链线立管动力响应分析;根据钢悬链线立管运动位置变化特征,截取若干慢漂位置对应的波频应力时程叠加到慢漂应力时程上,得到波频和慢漂运动的组合应力时程;编写基于雨流计数法的MATLAB程序处理立管各节点应力,采用海水环境下Do E.E型S-N曲线和Palmgren-Miner累积损伤准则计算立管各节点疲劳损伤。应用位置组合叠加法对某海域500 m水深的立管进行了疲劳分析,并与全耦合法、权重组合叠加法以及波频和慢漂疲劳损伤简单相加法的结果进行了对比,结果表明该方法具有较高的精度和效率。此外,进行了区域设定系数、波浪高度、波浪周期和土壤表面剪切强度等参数对组合作用下立管疲劳损伤的敏感性分析。 相似文献
4.
平台运动下悬垂立管动力响应及疲劳损伤特性试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
悬垂立管因其经济性被广泛应用在深海油气开发中。悬垂立管在顶端平台运动作用下,会不断产生横流向以及顺流向动力响应,循环累积造成疲劳损伤。为了研究悬垂立管在平台运动作用下的疲劳损伤特性,开展了大尺度悬垂立管模型试验。采用小波分析、模态分析、雨流计数法等方法处理分析试验数据。分析平台运动下无内流作用下大尺度悬垂立管动力响应及疲劳损伤特性,发现横流向弯曲应变结果较为复杂,局部呈现行波特性,主导频率具有时变性。相比之下,顺流向弯曲应变结果比较有规律性,整体呈现行波特性,主导频率不具有时变性,并始终保持与顶端平台运动频率相同。平台运动引发的悬垂立管涡激振动疲劳损伤和KC数有关。各点面内疲劳损伤值延管长分布趋势和面内应变RMS延管长分布趋势相似。横流向(CF方向)的疲劳损伤的数量级为顺流向(IL方向)的10-2倍左右。 相似文献
5.
由于良好的疲劳特性,自由站立式立管(FSHR)正广泛应用于深海油气田的开发当中。首先根据设计参数建立FSHR详细的有限元模型,然后利用谱分析方法对FSHR进行总体运动疲劳分析,以确定FSHR总体设计参数是否满足运动疲劳要求。最后对工作于相同环境下的钢悬链立管(SCR)进行总体运动疲劳分析,探讨哪种立管系统的疲劳性能更为优良。计算结果表明FSHR系统中刚性主管最大运动疲劳损伤出现在刚性主管顶部,FSHR总体设计参数满足规范要求;FSHR总体运动疲劳寿命要远大于SCR,体现了FSHR系统对浮体运动与刚性主管之间具有良好的解耦作用。 相似文献
6.
采用弹性基础梁模型,模拟钢悬链线立管(steel catenary riser,SCR)与海床土的相互作用,推导了弹性基础梁模型的有限元公式,基于该模型编制了钢悬链式立管的动力分析程序,在此基础上,分析了在浮体运动及环境载荷作用下,钢悬链线立管触地点区域的动力响应特征,并与弹簧支撑模型进行了比较。研究表明,弹性基础梁模型对单元长度的敏感性较低,可采用较长的单元,从而减少计算量。 相似文献
7.
钢悬链线立管(SCR)在上部浮体运动和波流荷载激励下会与海床土相互作用,传统的线性海床模型假定荷载位移关系是线性的,没有考虑管土相互作用的非线性过程和海床土吸力的影响,本文基于大挠度柔性索理论的钢悬链式立管动力分析程序CABLE3D,将立管受到线性海床的弹性支撑力扩充为立管受到的海床垂向力,充分考虑管土非线性相互作用,并考虑海床土吸力对钢悬链式立管触地点区域的影响,开发出新的动力分析程序。程序采用非线性有限元方法对控制方程进行离散,时域内采用Newmark-β法,求解给定上部浮体运动条件下,SCR的动力响应,通过算例对线性刚度海床和非线性刚度海床进行对比,并分析了不同海床刚度对SCR触地点动力响应和疲劳损伤的影响。结果表明:非线性海床刚度模型比线性海床刚度模型更接近真实的管土作用过程;在非线性海床刚度模型下,海床土刚度越大,SCR触地点区域垂向位移响应越小,应力幅值越大,疲劳损伤越严重。 相似文献
8.
深海悬链线立管涡激疲劳损伤研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
讨论海洋平台钢质悬链线式立管SCR(Steel Catenary Riser)的涡激疲劳损伤问题。对于悬链线立管外的流体,给出涡脱落频率和升力对立管作用的计算方法。悬链线立管采用索结构模型,进行动力学分析并利用模态叠加法对其进行动力响应分析。根据Palmgren-Miner线性累积损伤准则并结合S-N曲线,分析在不同流速下立管的涡激疲劳损伤。以工程中实际使用的1 500 m Spar海洋平台悬链线立管为例,对立管的涡激疲劳损伤进行了预报。并通过立管的参数研究,分别就立管外不同来流速度、立管壁厚、内部流体密度和柔性接头刚度对其疲劳损伤的影响进行了分析,得到了一些有意义的研究结果。 相似文献
9.
平台运动激励下钢悬链式立管触地点动态分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
平台运动和管土相互作用是引起钢悬链式立管(Steel Catenary Riser,SCR)触地点动态响应和疲劳损伤的关键因素。基于竖向土抗力-埋深曲线和侧向库伦摩擦双线模型模拟SCR触地区管土作用,并考虑竖向海床刚度的退化,研究平台三维运动激励下SCR触地区的动态响应与疲劳寿命,相对于简单的单向运动激励和仅考虑竖向管土作用,更符合工程实际。计算结果表明:①三维管土作用下,平台垂荡运动对立管触地区的影响最大,纵荡运动次之,横荡的影响最小;②平台三维运动的耦合,在一定程度上可降低立管触地区的动力响应和疲劳损伤,若仅考虑垂荡运动,结果偏于保守;③非线性海床模型相对于线弹性海床,引起的立管触地区的应力幅值、位移幅值显著增加,虽然贯入位移较小,但土抗力较大,选用线弹性海床的计算误差较大。平台运动和海床强度对SCR触地点动态响应和疲劳损伤的影响较大,因此在SCR响应分析与设计中,准确选择海床模型和平台运动方式,对于预测立管的疲劳寿命具有重要意义。 相似文献
10.
11.
12.
并矢相关谱分析方法在非线性资料分析中的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文利用到率并矢相关谱估计方法,对青岛月平均气温（1896年1月—1992年12月）足赤道局部地区日表层水温（0°±0．5°S,165°±0．5°E;1986年12月6日—1991年11月16日）进行了谱分析,结果表明：青岛气温除具有1年周期的主频振荡和二倍峰频处0．5年周期二阶非线性耦合效应外,还隐含有2年周期的低频耦合振荡及0．4年周期的高频耦合振荡;赤道局部地区日表层水温含有90天,63天,50天,40天和29天等几个主要的低频周期振荡。 相似文献
13.
Sampling effort required to recover the main gradients in marine benthic species composition 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Marine benthic surveys and monitoring programs may have several goals. When the aim of such studies is to reveal and describe gradients in species composition, the gain in ecological insight achieved by the study depends on how well the spatial variability of species’ occurrence and abundance within the study area is covered by the sampling design. The common practice in such programs is to collect four or five grab samples from each visited site to capture the site's species composition. The rationale for this practice is based on the aim of capturing a large proportion of species at a specific site (i.e. point). We argue that this practice has been established without taking Iterative approaches into account, such as decreasing the sampling effort at each site and instead increase the number of sites visited. The collection and processing of data from marine sediment ecosystems are time‐consuming and, thus, expensive. Therefore, finding the optimal trade‐off between the number of sites visited and the number of samples per site is important. We examined this trade‐off by exploring how reduction of sampling effort per site affects the stability and recovery of gradients in species composition of marine benthic macrofauna. Our full data set consisted of four grab samples from each of 28 sites from the inner part of the Oslofjord, SE Norway. Procrustes analysis and calculation of Kendall's rank correlation coefficients showed that the main gradient in species composition extracted by detrended correspondence analysis of data sets with reduced per‐site sampling effort closely resembled the main gradient extracted for the full data set. Our results therefore suggest that marine benthic surveys that aim to identify the main gradient structure of species composition and relate this structure to main environmental complex gradients are likely to benefit from reducing the sampling effort at each site and, instead, increasing the number of visited sites. We argue that coverage of both the variation in species composition and the environment in the study area will then be improved. Monitoring programs with other aims than to identify the main gradients in species composition may also benefit from the adoption of a many‐sites, one‐sample sampling strategy. This may be particularly true if additional sampled sites are based on a stratified sampling strategy that ensures that the spatial variability in the study area is accounted for. 相似文献
14.
ＩｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｂｉｏｍａｒｋｅｒｓｏｆｃｏｒｅｓｆｒｏｍｔｈｅＳｏｕｔｈＣｈｉｎａＳｅａ￥ＴａｎｇＹｕｎｑｉａｎａｎｄＬｉｕＫｅｗｅｎ（ＲｅｃｅｉｖｅｄＡＭ１０，１９９４；ａｃｃｅｐｔｅｄＪｕｌｙ５，１９９４）（ＳｅｃｏｎｄＩｎｓｔ... 相似文献
15.
采用3种多元分析方法,对来源于美国的4个凡纳滨对虾种群的13个形态比例参数进行比较研究.聚类分析结果表明,Kona Bay种群与Molokai种群形态差异很小,而SIS种群、OI种群趋异程度逐渐增加.判别分析结果显示,4种群的13个形态比例参数有着极显著的差异(P>0.01);4个种群雌虾的判别准确率P1为61.76%-97.14%,判别准确率P2为62.03%-96.43%,综合判别率为80.25%;4个种群雄虾的判别准确率P1为75.76%-97.06%,判别准确率P2分别为67.57%-97.06%,综合判别率为80.71%,各种群的判别函数判别准确率均较高;主成分分析,构建的雌体的5个主成分方差贡献率分别为,主成分1:23.594%,主成分2:19.534%,主成分3:15.748%,主成分4:13.653%,主成分5:8.653%.累积贡献率为81.182%.而在构建的雄体的5个主成分中,方差贡献率分别为主成分1:22.095%,主成分2:19.270%,主成分3:15.430%,主成分4:15.245%,主成分5:7.885%.累积贡献率为79.925%.综上所述,Kona Bay种群与Molokai种群应是同一种群,与SIS种群亲缘关系较为接近,SIS种群和OI种群为独立的种群. 相似文献
16.
Air temperature is a key index reflecting climate change. Air temperature extremes are very important because they strongly influence the natural environment and societal activities. The Arctic air temperature extremes north of 60°N are investigated in the winter. Daily data from 238 stations at north of 60°N from the global summary of the day for the period 1979–2015 are used to study the trends of cold days, cold nights, warm days and warm nights during the wintertime. The results show a decreasing trend of cold days and nights(rate of –0.2 to –0.3 d/a) and an increasing trend of warm days and nights(rate of +0.2 to +0.3 d/a) in the Arctic. The mean temperature increases,which contributes to the increasing(decreasing) occurrence of warm(cold) days and nights. On the other hand,the variance at most stations decreased, leading to a reduced number of cold events. A positive AO(Arctic Oscillation) index leads to an increased(decreased) number of warm(cold) days and nights over northern Europe and western Russia and an increased(decreased) number of cold(warm) days and nights over the Bering Strait and Greenland. The lower extent of Arctic autumn sea ice leads to a decreased number of cold days and nights.The occurrences of abrupt changes are detected using the Mann-Kendall method for cold nights occurring in Canada in 1998 and for warm nights occurring in northwestern Eurasia in 1988. This abrupt change mainly resulted from the mean warming induced by south winds and an increased North Atlantic sea surface temperature. 相似文献
17.
The occurrence of gas hydrate has been inferred from the presence of Bottom-Simulating Reflectors (BSRs) along the western
continental margin of India. In this paper, we assess the spatial and vertical distribution of gas hydrates by analyzing the
interval velocities and Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO) responses obtained from multi-channel seismics (MCSs). The hydrate cements
the grains of the host sediment, thereby increasing its velocity, whereas the free gas below the base of hydrate stability
zone decreases the interval velocity. Conventionally, velocities are obtained from the semblance analysis on the Common Mid-Point
(CMP) gathers. Here, we used wave-equation datuming to remove the effect of the water column before the velocity analysis.
We show that the interval velocities obtained in this fashion are more stable than those computed from the conventional semblance
analysis. The initial velocity model thus obtained is updated using the tomographic velocity analysis to account for lateral
heterogeneity. The resultant interval velocity model shows large lateral velocity variations in the hydrate layer and some
low velocity zones associated with free gas at the location of structural traps. The reflection from the base of the gas layer
is also visible in the stacked seismic data. Vertical variation in hydrate distribution is assessed by analyzing the AVO response
at selected locations. AVO analysis is carried out after applying true amplitude processing. The average amplitudes of BSRs
are almost constant with offset, suggesting a fluid expulsion model for hydrate formation. In such a model, the hydrate concentrations
are gradational with maxima occurring at the base of hydrate stability zone. 相似文献
18.
高明君 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,(2)
根据基因在异源多倍体染色体组间的变异，提出通过缺对一四体和双端体的酶谱分析，无需在不同品种间杂交，即可将同工酶结构基因定位在特定的染色体臂上。还提出，由于等位基因在双体和三体间的变异．通过三体酶谱分析，也能有效地进行同工酶基因定位。 相似文献
19.
In this paper, an approximate closed-form solution is presented to compute the moisture-related buckling of symmetric angle-ply laminates. The environment corresponds to a steady state condition, which provides a uniform moisture distribution for the laminate. The laminate consists of four layers [θ/−θ]s constructed of low, moderate and high stiffness ratio materials. Comparative results using the Rayleigh–Ritz method provides a means of assessing the accuracy of the expression. For certain laminate architectures, several modes must be computed to ascertain the lowest buckling mode, and once identified, provides an excellent approximation for the mode computed using the Rayleigh–Ritz method. 相似文献
20.
自20世纪80年代以来,我国出台了众多海洋捕捞相关政策,厘清这些政策变迁规律对海洋捕捞业的健康发展具有重要意义。本文对1986年以来我国海洋捕捞业的政策文本展开量化分析,构建政策时间维度、政策工具维度、政策价值维度三维政策文本分析框架,梳理当前捕捞业政策变迁和结构特征,并深入分析了捕捞业政策与现实的匹配性。研究发现,海洋捕捞业的部分政策目标之间存在一定的冲突和矛盾;政策工具体系全面,但不同政策工具数量分布不均衡;早期政策的经济价值取向突出,社会、生态价值相对不足,需要适时调整政策价值取向。未来应明确政策目标,推动海洋捕捞管理范式由投入控制向产出控制的转变;优化政策工具组合,引导渔民自觉养护海洋渔业资源,提高海洋捕捞业政策的有效性;整合政策价值取向,协调产业发展、资源养护和渔民利益的关系,推动海洋捕捞可持续发展。 相似文献