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世界大洋的许多海区每年都进行着大型的工程工作.准确的海况和气象预报是成功、安全地完成该项工程的关键.例如,勘探钻井只能在有效波高(SWH)保持在一定水平以下才能进行,重型吊作业只能在局部涌浪周期不同于作业船自然周期时才能进行.为了保证人生安全,避免仪器出故障,在作业前和作业中,这种情况下必须迅速作出决定,这种决定必须根据准确的短期和中期海况预报. 相似文献
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引言 受海洋石油总公司设计分公司委托,海军大连舰艇学院海洋测绘系为其研制开发了高精度海底管线水下敷设定位系统。根据委托方的要求,系统能够为敷管作业船提供全天候的高精度定位,实时显示设计管线路径,记录实际管线水下敷设位置,在作业船敷管的动态过程中实时显示设计管线路径与实际管线水下敷设位置两者之间的偏差,为敷管作业船实时提供平面姿态控制。针对系统的技术指标要求,在系 相似文献
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2011年12月25日,上海海洋石油局勘探六号平台进行NB14-2-1井压裂作业,也是该平台首次压裂作业获得圆满成功。其中最重要的主压裂作业,始终将环空压力保持在2 900-3 050 psi之间,以确保LPR-N阀打开。与此同时,在分别向两个缓冲罐供液的同时,及时将泥浆池剩余胶液进行汇总, 相似文献
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随着波浪能发电装置研究的深入,急需探索一套可靠的、完善的波能装置状态信息采集和控制的技术方案。根据"鹰式一号"波能装置的特点,开发了通过无线串口通信的移动PC监控子系统和基于DSP的具有数据存储功能的SD卡监控子系统两套独立的监控模块,实现了"鹰式一号"波能装置发电数据实时无线监控和装置内自动采集及存储。采用不同技术路线的冗余设计,提高了发电装置实海况实验监控系统的可靠性。实验表明,该系统性能稳定,运行成本低,两套数据实时、全面,具有互补性,对分析发电装置实海况性能、推动波浪能开发具有重要的意义。 相似文献
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海洋钻修井装置作业前检验,是海上钻修井作业过程中的重要环节。做好作业前检验工作,使作业装置满足作业和安全的要求,是后续作业顺利、安全、高效进行的重要保障。文章根据南海西部近5年来海洋钻修井装置作业前检验工作的现状,从管理、技术层面对作业前检验存在的问题进行剖析,并给出了相关建议。如:作业前检验全生命周期管理的流程及强化措施;保持验船人员的公用机制;引进、培养一支固定的验船队伍;制定验船标准化手册;增加验船技术手段等。为进一步提高海洋钻修井装置检验质量及海上钻修井作业保驾护航。 相似文献
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高架索海上补给装置在小型船舶补给上的应用 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
针对现有高架索补给系统,在补给方式、波浪补偿装置、吊钩和接受端方面进行改进,提出适合小型船舶补给作业的补给系统;并在此基础之上对补给中关键参数进行计算,计算结果表明,此系统可以保证补给过程顺利实施,适合小型船舶补给需求。 相似文献
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浅海海底管线检测维修潜水器是具有复杂动力特性和作业方式的特种载人潜水器,其作业需配备姿态及航行自动控制系统。为了保证其自动控制系统研制成功,研制了1:8缩尺的自航模作为平台,将实际控制系统方案遵循相似性准则改造为自航模控制系统,包括校正与补偿回路、指令分配器、姿态控制回路、航行控制回路。在海洋工程水池模拟风浪流等海洋环境,进行各种情况下的控制试验,对实现的控制律加以验证和改进,这些改进又按照相似性准则反映到实际控制系统方案的修正中。控制系统的设计方案由此得到全面验证和改善。 相似文献
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本文对具有动力定位深海采矿船高海情下的运动响应及运动特性开展研究。针对具有6个推进器构成的动力定位系统,考虑高海情及空载和满载两种典型工况,基于推力最小和运动最小条件,应用卡尔曼滤波器结合线性二次型最优控制理论的控制算法优化推力,进行动力定位系统的参数整定,实时优化调整推力的方向和大小,计算采矿船高海情下的运动和推力的时间历程响应和分析运动特性。经计算,得到了深海采矿船空载和满载工况在高海情下实施海上定位的浪向及需要的推力大小,确定了采矿船动力定位系统在高海情下的适应性,评估了高海情下深海采矿船的定位能力。 相似文献
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川西低渗高压气藏具有多层系的特点,层间距离一般在十至百米左右。为了提高气井产量与开采经济效益,鉴于气井加砂压裂后压井会严重伤害储层,影响压裂效果,采用压裂管柱直接作为生产管柱,研究形成了以FCY211及Y241封隔器不同组合的两层不动管柱分层压裂工艺。同时,在成熟的两层分压工艺基础上,结合投球选压工艺,研究形成了以“工具分层+投球选压”不动管柱三层分层的压裂工艺。现场应用实践表明,分层压裂极大地增加了单井的产能,取得了明显经济效益,对类似气藏的多层压裂与开采提供了有益参考。 相似文献
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采用动态剪切实验研究了两种有机凝胶类调剖剂强度的剪切恢复性能,通过测定不同条件下凝胶体系的储能模量/耗能模量和相位角的变化,分析了在聚交比一定的条件下,聚合物浓度、温度以及交联剂类型对凝胶剪切后强度恢复性能的影响。结果表明:在一定的应力下,随着聚合物浓度的增加,凝胶的成交点频率向低频移动;相同聚合物浓度和放置时间下,有机金属交联型调剖剂的强度大于有机酚醛交联型调剖剂;同种凝胶体系,在聚交比一定的条件下,浓度高时体系强度的剪切恢复性能好;对于两种凝胶体系来说,温度升高使得体系的剪切恢复性能下降;有机金属交联的凝胶体系剪切恢复能力高于有机树脂交联的凝胶体系。 相似文献
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Collision at sea is always a significant issue affecting the safety of ship navigation. The shipborne autonomous collision avoidance system (SACAS) has the great advantage to minimize collision accidents in ship navigation. A parallel trajectory planning architecture is proposed in this paper for SACAS system. The fully-coupled deliberative planner based on the modified RRT algorithm is developed to search for optimal global trajectory in a low re-planning frequency. The fully-coupled reactive planner based on the modified DW algorithm is developed to generate the optimal local trajectory in a high re-planning frequency to counteract the unexpected behavior of dynamic obstacles in the vicinity of the vessel. The obstacle constraints, ship maneuvering constraints, COLREGs rules, trajectory optimality, and real-time requirements are satisfied simultaneously in both global and local planning to ensure the collision-free optimal navigation in compliance with COLREGs rules. The on-water tests of a trimaran model equipped with a model-scale SACAS system are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. The good balance between the computational efficiency and trajectory optimality is achieved in parallel trajectory planning. 相似文献
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近年来,国内兴起了大力发展半潜式起重平台的势头,系泊系统的设计与优化是该类型平台开发中的关键问题之一。采用时域方法对半潜式起重平台系泊系统进行耦合动力分析,研究系泊系统主要参数对其动力响应特性的影响,并给出主要参数的设计优化流程,在此基础上,以能够满足安全校核且性能较优的系泊方案为目标,对该半潜式起重平台的系泊系统进行优化设计,并研究单根系泊缆发生破断对整个系泊系统的影响。结果表明:基于主要参数对系泊性能的影响规律,经优化设计得到的系泊方案,预留的安全欲度适中,能够保障半潜式起重平台在恶劣海况下的生存能力,同时具备较好的经济性。 相似文献
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This paper is concerned with the determination of dynamic load variations in the riser and yoke pivot components of an offshore vessel/mooring oil production and storage system.Forces on the yoke system arise from wave induced inertial and drag forces including current and motion due to vessel surge, heave and pitch.The analysis is carried out in the frequency domain and the results yield the limiting wave height for a specific design of SALS which will give rise to loss of tension in the riser. Also presented are the maximum horizontal and vertical components of load variation at the yoke pivoted connections with the vessel. 相似文献
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This study investigates the coupling effects of six degrees of freedom in ship motion with fluid oscillation inside a three-dimensional rectangular container using a novel time domain simulation scheme. During the time marching, the tank-sloshing algorithm is coupled with the vessel-motion algorithm so that the influence of tank sloshing on vessel motions and vice versa can be assessed. Several factors influencing the dynamic behavior of tank–liquid system due to moving ship are also investigated. These factors include container parameters, environmental settings such as the significant wave height, current velocity as well as the direction of wind, wave and flow current acting on the ship. The nonlinear sloshing is studied using a finite element model whereas nonlinear ship motion is simulated using a hybrid marine control system. Computed roll response is compared with the existing results, showing fair agreement. Although the two hull forms and the sea states are not identical, the numerical result shows the same trend of the roll motion when the anti-rolling tanks are considered. Thus, the numerical approach presented in this paper is expected to be very useful and realistic in evaluating the coupling effects of nonlinear sloshing and 6-DOF ship motion. 相似文献
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This paper develops an adaptive fuzzy controller for the dynamic positioning (DP) system of vessels with unknown dynamic model parameters and unknown time-varying environmental disturbances. The controller is designed by combining the adaptive fuzzy system with the vectorial backstepping method. An adaptive fuzzy system is employed to approximate the uncertain term induced by unknown dynamic model parameters and unknown time-varying environmental disturbances. It is theoretically proved that the proposed adaptive fuzzy DP controller can make the vessel be maintained at the desired values of its position and heading with arbitrary accuracy, while guaranteeing the uniform ultimate boundedness of all signals in the closed-loop DP control system of vessels. Simulation studies with comparisons on a supply vessel are carried out, and the results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. 相似文献