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为了探究低分子质量κ-卡拉胶钾对原发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat, SHR)血压的影响,以κ-卡拉胶粉为原料,酶解法和醇沉法相结合制备分子质量为3.5 kDa的低分子质量κ-卡拉胶寡糖(low-molecular-weightκ-carrageenan, LC)。将LC与KCl溶液混合,经醇沉操作除去游离的钾离子,以此获得高结合率的低分子质量κ-卡拉胶钾(low-molecular-weightpotassiumκ-carrageenan,LCP),使得LC中结合型钾元素的含量由原先的6.5%上升至8.7%。各组灌胃剂量:实验组600mg/kgLCP,空白组灌胃蒸馏水,阳性对照组10 mg/kg卡托普利。结果显示, LCP对SHR有稳定且持续的降压作用,与空白组相比,显著降压18mmHg。LCP显著降低了RAS系统中肾素(P0.05)和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)(P 0.01)的水平,推测LCP的降压机理可能是降低了RAS系统的活化程度;此外, LCP显著降低了血液中脂多糖(LPS)的水平(P 0.05),并显著改善了肠道上皮结构的完整性。 相似文献
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海洋细菌QY202产κ-卡拉胶酶的分离纯化和性质研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为获得高效降解卡拉胶菌株,从青岛太平角海域采集的角叉菜表面分离到1株高产κ-卡拉胶酶的海洋交替假单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas sp.)QY202,经硫酸铵沉淀、脱盐、DEAE阴离子交换层析等步骤从该菌株发酵液上清中分离纯化得到1种专一性降解κ-卡拉胶的κ-卡拉胶酶,并研究了该酶的基本酶学性质.结果表明该酶被纯化了23.1倍,回收率为43.9%,分子量大小为33.2 kDa.酶的最适反应温度为40 ℃,最适反应pH为8.0,在0～40 ℃,pH=7.0～8.0之间酶活力较稳定.酶对底物κ-卡拉胶的米氏常数Km值为1.6 mg/mL.Na~+、K~+对酶活有促进作用,而Hg~(2+)、Cu~(2+)强烈抑制酶的活性.酶解κ-卡拉胶的主产物为硫酸新κ-卡拉二糖和硫酸新κ-卡拉四糖. 相似文献
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从角叉菜中提取λ-卡拉胶,利用密闭微波法进行降解,得到5种不同分子量的产品:650、240、140、15、9.3kDa。红外、紫外和化学分析结果表明,这些卡拉胶样品具有相似的组成和结构,这表明微波法不会改变多糖的组成和结构。体外实验结果表明,角叉菜λ-卡拉胶及其降解产物对超氧阴离子(O2?)、有机自由基DPPH、H2O2诱导的小鼠红细胞氧化溶血以及小鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化作用均有不同程度的抑制作用,其中对小鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化作用的抑制作用最显著,不同分子量的角叉菜λ-卡拉胶对多种自由基均有较好的清除作用,其中对小鼠肝匀浆脂质过氧化的抑制作用最显著,分子量对抗氧化活性有较显著的影响。 相似文献
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以κ-卡拉胶(硫酸基含量25.1％,分子质量83.1 kD)为原料,研究了二甲基亚砜-甲醇法(DMSO法)、三甲基氯硅烷法(CTMS法)以及苯并四甲酸-三氧化二锑法(PMA法)对其脱硫后多糖样品的得率、硫酸基含量及分子质量的影响.结果表明,κ-卡拉胶经三种方法脱硫后,样品得率分别为45.3％、50.6％和62.0％,脱硫率分别为42.2％、48.6％和82.8％,分子质量分别为15.7、22.3和4.75 kD.通过红外光谱和硫酸基含量分析表明,PMA法脱硫效果优于DMSO和CTMS法.PMA法不仅对κ-卡拉胶有效,而且适合于l-卡拉胶、λ-卡拉胶和岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的脱硫. 相似文献
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珊瑚藻硫酸多糖的提取分离及其结构表征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
珊瑚藻(Corallina officinalis)经乙醇脱脂后,再依次经冷水、热水和热碱水溶液提取,从中获得了3种多糖(COW,COH和COA)。运用气相色谱法(GC)、高效凝胶渗透色谱法(HPGPC)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)及核磁共振碳谱(13C-NMR)等方法对其单糖组成、重均分子量以及结构进行了表征。结果表明:COW与COH均由半乳糖(Gal)和3,6-内醚-半乳糖(AnG)组成,COA则主要由葡萄糖(Glu)组成;3种多糖的相对分子量分别为24.6,28.4和15.8 kD;硫酸基含量分别为19.0%,15.5%和12.6%。经FTIR和13C-NMR分析表明,COW和COH均属于含有κ-卡拉胶和硫琼胶的杂聚糖,COA为6-硫酸-α-1,4-葡聚糖。 相似文献
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Vibrio sp.510产褐藻胶裂合酶的底物专一性分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
Vibrio sp.51 0具有很强的产生褐藻胶裂合酶的能力。本实验对该菌发酵产生的褐藻胶裂合酶经疏水色谱除去杂蛋白 ,再经灌注色谱分离得到 3个酶组分峰。经底物专一性检测 ,峰 1和峰 3对聚甘露糖醛酸和聚古罗糖醛酸均具降解作用 ,峰 2只对聚甘露糖醛酸有降解作用。园二色谱测定酶的二级结构 :峰 1结构最为复杂 ,以β-转角为最高 ,占 31 .5% ,无规线团占 2 7% ,α-螺旋占 2 5.8% ;峰2为β-折叠 ,占 95.5% ;峰 3以 60 %的α-螺旋和 40 %的无规线团形式存在。 3个分离峰的底物专一性和二级结构的差异证明了褐藻胶裂合酶蛋白的结构与功能之间的相关性。 相似文献
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四种海水养殖鱼类血清免疫球蛋白的分离纯化及分子量测定 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
利用Protein A-sepharose亲和性层析一步法，首次分离纯化了4种海水养殖鱼类（3种暖水性鱼类：紫笛鲷Lutjanus argentimaculatus,青石斑鱼Epinephelus awoara，尖吻鲈Lates calcarifer和1种冷水性鱼类牙Ping Paralichthys olivaceus）血清中的免疫球蛋白（Ig)。3种暖水性鱼类Ig的分离效果较好，牙Ping较差。层析曲线的洗脱峰值说明牙Ping血清的Ig同紫红笛鲷，青石斑鱼，尖吻钙3种暖水性鱼类血清的Ig在结构和功能上有明显的差异。通过SDS－PAGE电泳测得其重链分子量分别为紫红笛鲷79.5kDa和75.0kDa，青石斑鱼77.2kDa，尖吻鲈81.8kDa和75.7kDa，牙Ping 73.5kDa，轻链分子量分别为30.1kDa，31.1kDa,29.7kDa和15.0kDa。 相似文献
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几种海藻多糖硫酸酯碱式铝盐的制备 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文以褐藻胶和κ-卡拉胶为原料通过酸水解分别获得了低聚的甘露糖醛酸、古罗糖醛酸和低聚 κ-卡拉胶 ,并采用 HPGPC法测定了这 3种低聚糖的重均分子量。在此基础上再经硫酸酯化和成盐修饰制备了各自的硫酸酯碱式铝盐。对制得的几种碱式铝盐进行了红外光谱 (IR)分析和有机硫含量 (S% )、铝含量 (Al% )及样品制酸力等部分理化性质的测定。测定结果初步显示出这几种海藻多糖硫酸酯碱式铝盐较好的抗消化性溃疡前景。 相似文献
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Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
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海上大直径钢管桩打桩过程中,桩周土体受到强烈扰动而发生强度弱化,掌握桩周土体强度弱化规律对于准确预测打桩过程、保证工程安全具有重要意义。为研究土体强度弱化规律,开展了环剪试验模拟打桩对桩周土体的扰动,测试土体强度随剪切速率的变化规律,建立了描述土体强度弱化规律的拟合公式,引入到打桩分析软件中。研究结果表明：土体的强度折减程度不仅与土体本身的性质有关还受到土体的埋深和剪切速率的影响,埋深越深土体强度折减程度越低,剪切速率越高土体强度折减越高,在打桩分析中可采用这里推荐的线性折减方法来模拟不同深度处土体强度的折减规律。 相似文献
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Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of cultivable bacterioplankton isolated from polar oceans 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A set of 27 marine planktonic bacteria isolated from the polar regions was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing and physiological and biochemical testing. More than half of these bacteria were positive for caseinase, gelatinase and 13-glucosidase, and could utilize glucose, maltose or malic acid as carbon source for cell growth. Twelve isolates expressed nitrate reduction activities. Except for one antarctic isolate BSwlO175 belonging to Actinobacteria phylum, these isolates were classified as γ-Proteobacteria, suggesting that γ-Proteobacteria dominated in cultivable marine bacterioplankton at both poles. Genus Pseudoalteromonas was the predominant group in the Chukchi Sea and the Bering Sea, and genus ShewaneUa dominated in cultivable bacterioplankton in the Prydz Bay. With sequence similarities above 97%, genus Psychrobacter was found at both poles. These 27 isolates were psychrotolerant, and significant 16S rDNA sequence similarities were found not only between arctic and antarctic marine bacteria （ 〉 99% ）, but also between polar marine bacteria and bacteria from other aquatic environments （ ≥ 98.8% ）, including temperate ocean, deep sea, pond and lake, suggesting that in the polar oceans less temperature-sensitive bacteria may be cosmopolitan and have a bipolar, even global, distribution at the species level. 相似文献
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The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
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Sediment properties, such as water content and density, have been used to estimate the dry and wet weights, as well as the volume of sediment recovered and discharged, during benthic impact experiments conducted in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The estimates show that the weights of dry (355-1332 t) and wet sediment (1651-4888 t) recovered during the experiments, are not only a function of the total duration and distance covered during the experiment, but also depend on water content and density of the sediment. Estimation of dry sediment and its volumetric ratio in the discharge, are key parameters for calculating the discharged volume. The estimated volume of wet sediment recovered (1427-4049 m 3 ) as well as discharged (2693-6951 m 3 ) during the experiments, provide important inputs to evaluate the sediment resettlement and migration. Using these estimates, the average depth of excavation on the seafloor, can also been calculated. However, the stages of sediment recovery and discharge are expressed differently in some of the experiments. In order to standardize these, different stages have been identified, and definitions of certain terms have been suggested, for use in the future. The methods of calculating different properties, as well as weight and volume of discharged sediment are described in the paper for use in other applications concerning deep-sea discharges. 相似文献