共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 509 毫秒
1.
3种蚶染色体组型的比较研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
用鳃细胞空气干燥法制片,对双壳纲翼形亚纲蚶科泥蚶、毛蚶、魁蚶的染色体组型进行了分析研究。它们的染色体数目(2n)和总臂数(NF)都相同,但是染色体组型不同,泥蚶染色体组型2n=38,28m+10sm;毛蚶2n=38,14m+22sm+2st;魁蚶2n=38,12m+20sm+6st.亚端(st)着丝点类型染色体泥蚶没有,毛蚶有1对,魁蚶有3对。3种蚶染色体组型都是以中部(m)和亚中部(sm)着丝点染色体为主要类型;染色体长度由大到小都呈比较均匀地递减;最大染色体的绝对长度都不超过5μm,最小的都在2μm左右。臂间倒位可能在染色体进化过程中起重要作用。3种蚶种间杂交是有可能的。 相似文献
2.
法螺(Chanoria tritonis)染色体核型分析 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
法螺(Chanoria tritonis)是珊瑚敌害生物长棘海星的天敌,在维持珊瑚礁生态系统平衡中具有重要作用。近年来由于人类过量捕杀,法螺数量急剧减少,开展法螺的人工繁育工作迫在眉睫。染色体研究是遗传育种工作的基础。目前,有关法螺的染色体研究在世界范围内尚属空白。本实验以法螺面盘幼虫为材料,采用秋水仙素溶液及低渗溶液处理,热滴片法制片,对染色体进行Giemsa染色来研究法螺的核型。结果表明,法螺染色体二倍体数2n=70,核型为2n=32m+18sm+20st,NF=120。部分分裂相中出现2条异形染色体,是否为性染色体还有待确认。染色体组中第2对和第16对中部着丝粒染色体上具有次缢痕。对我国已进行过染色体核型研究的腹足纲贝类进行统计表明,法螺是目前已知的染色体数目最多的物种。 相似文献
3.
4.
以多齿围沙蚕Perinereis nuntia(Savigny,1818)幼体为材料,研究染色体组型,2n=28,NF=56,其中中部着丝点(m)染色体4对;亚中部着丝点(sm)染色体10对。 相似文献
5.
中国海洋贝类染色体研究进展 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
概括总结了我国已报道的40种海洋贝类的染色体组型研究结果，腹足纲的染色体数目有2n=30，34，36和60;双壳纲的染色体数目有2n=20，22，28，32，34和38等几种类型。分析了贝类染色体制备的特点，预先向活贝体内注射PHA，可有效地增加中期分裂相。产生核型差异的原因可能是制片时的处理条件不同或因染色体结构重排以及地域差异造成的同种异体之间的核型多态。双壳纲和绝大多数腹足纲贝类都没有性染色体，而非整倍体是染色体畸变的结果。最后介绍了显带技术和荧光原位杂交技术在贝类染色体研究中的应用现状，认为FISH技术将为贝类染色体的鉴定提供有效的方法。 相似文献
6.
用六线鳚脾脏为材料研究其染色体组型,2n=48,NF=48,全部为端部着丝点染色体。 相似文献
7.
环境细菌宏基因组研究及海洋细菌生物活性物质BAC文库筛选 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
宏基因组是特定环境全部生物遗传物质总和 ,决定生物群体生命现象。特定生物种基因组研究使人们的认识单元实现了从单一基因到基因集合的转变 ,宏基因组研究将使人们摆脱物种界限 ,揭示更高更复杂层次上的生命运动规律。在目前的基因结构功能认识和基因操作技术背景下 ,环境细菌宏基因组成为研究和开发的主要对象。环境细菌宏基因组细菌人工染色体文库筛选和基因系统学分析使研究者能更有效地开发细菌基因资源 ,更深入地洞察环境细菌多样性 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
选取栉孔扇贝Chlamys farreri担轮幼虫为材料,采用秋水仙素-低渗-空气干燥法制备染色体标本,应用荧光显带技术,分析了DAPI带和PI带在栉孔扇贝染色体上的分布。DAPI带型结果显示,栉孔扇贝所有染色体上都存在DAPI阳性带,主要分布于传统的着丝粒区和端部区域,另外还存在一些中间区DAPI带及可变带,总带数为62。PI带型结果与DAPI带型结果相似,在所有染色体上都存在PI阳性带。2种带型的阳性带所在位置与异染色质分布区域相吻合。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
14.
15.
《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
17.
Coastal inundation associated with extreme sea levels is the main factor which leads to the loss of life and property whenever a severe tropical cyclonic storm hits the Indian coasts. The Andhra and Orissa coasts are most vulnerable for coastal inundation due to extreme rise in sea levels associated with tropical cyclones. Loss of life may be minimized if extreme sea levels and associated coastal flooding is predicted well in advance. Keeping this in view, location specific coastal inundation models are developed and applied for the Andhra and Orissa coasts of India. Several numerical experiments are carried out using the data of past severe cyclones that struck these regions. The simulated inland inundation distances are found to be in general agreement with the reported flooding. 相似文献
18.
19.
Hoi-Soo Jung Kap-Sik Jeong Yong-Shik Chu Sung-Hyun Park Ki-Hyune Kim 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(3):181-195
Grain size and water content in box-core sediments from the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone (C-C zone) in the northeast equatorial Pacific were analyzed in detail to understand the downcore variations across a hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Grain-size distributions in the topmost core sediments show two modes: a coarse mode (peaked at 50 μm) and a fine mode (at 2-25 μm). The coarse mode disappears gradually with depth accompanied by the dissolution of siliceous fossil tests, whereas the fine mode coarsens due to the formation of authigenic minerals. Water content increases abruptly across a color boundary between an upper pale brown layer and a lower dark brown layer that is the hiatus between Quaternary and Tertiary layers. Abundant smectites and microvoid molds, which are created by the prolonged fossil dissolution in the underlying sediment, are attributed for the abrupt downcore variation of water content. Overall variations in grain size and water content in the topmost core sediments in the western C-C zone are possibly constrained by the dissolution of biogenic siliceous fossils. Variations in geotechnical properties related to these changes must be considered in the design of nodule collectors. 相似文献
20.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2001,24(1):27-33
This article concerns an interrelation between the sea levels and the western boundary flow near a tectonic boundary in a local zone in the Northwestern Pacific. In this zone, sea level variations at stations located on the coast facing the Pacific are studied to find the interrelation between variations of the Kurosio flow as an index of the distance of the flow axis off a specific coast. The result is discussed after data processing of the monthly means of the sea levels, and a notice is taken of variations caused by active crustal upheavals during a seismic event, a local earthquake. 相似文献