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1.
东海三疣梭子蟹第一次卵巢发育规律的研究 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
2004年7月至2005年4月在舟山海区定点连续采样,系统研究了东海三疣梭子蟹卵巢发育期间的卵巢指数(GSI)、肝胰腺指数(HSI)、卵巢外部特征、卵巢发育分期及其组织学的变化.结果表明:东海三疣梭子蟹生殖蜕壳和交配主要发生在9~10月,产卵主要在3~4月,卵巢发育早期不同个体间的GSI差异较大,后期则趋于同步;三疣梭子蟹卵巢发育期间,GSI显著增加,HSI呈现先上升后下降的趋势,GSI和HSI呈负相关性;根据GSI、卵巢形态特征和组织学变化等,三疣梭子蟹卵巢发育可以分为6期,Ⅰ期卵巢呈透明细带状,雌体尚未生殖蜕壳,卵巢中主要为卵原细胞(OG)和卵黄合成前的卵母细胞(PR);Ⅱ期卵巢呈乳白色,主要为卵黄合成前的卵母细胞(PR)和内源性卵黄合成期的卵母细胞(EN);Ⅲ期卵巢为淡黄色或橘黄色,主要为外源性卵黄合成期的卵母细胞(EX);Ⅳ期卵巢呈橘红色,主要为近成熟的卵母细胞(NO),卵径为200~300μm;Ⅴ期卵巢发育成熟,主要为成熟期的卵母细胞(MO);Ⅵ期卵巢呈淡橘红色,已排卵,卵巢中主要为排卵后剩余的基膜和滤泡核. 相似文献
2.
锯缘青蟹卵黄发生期卵巢和肝胰腺脂类的变化 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
锯缘青蟹2次卵巢发育时的卵黄发生旺期与卵黄发生初期相比,卵巢指数和卵巢脂肪含量(%卵巢干重或湿重)均显著增加,积累了大量的脂类,而这一时期的肝胰腺指数和肝胰腺脂肪含量均无显著变化,说明在卵黄发生时期,肝胰腺吸收的脂肪均及时转运到正在发育的卵巢.卵黄发生期,卵巢或肝胰腺磷脂/总脂的百分含量,均无显著变化,肝胰腺中游离脂肪酸逐步增加,甚至在卵黄发生后期超过甘油三酯的含量.卵黄发生阶段,无论肝胰腺或卵巢,其磷脂长链多不饱和脂肪酸显著高于中性脂,而饱和脂肪酸含量相对较低;肝胰腺脂类脂肪酸组成的最主要变化是中性脂的n3系列的长链多不饱和脂肪酸,尤其是C22:6n3显著降低.卵黄发生初期,肝胰腺磷脂与卵巢中性脂的脂肪酸组成(肝胰腺转运脂肪时,首先要将吸收或储存的脂类转换成磷脂,才能运出)无显著差异,但卵黄发生旺期,肝胰腺磷脂的长链多不饱和脂肪酸显著高于卵巢中性脂的含量.文中讨论了这些变化的原因. 相似文献
3.
通过生化分析和组织切片技术,系统研究了东海三疣梭子蟹第一次卵巢发育过程中肝胰腺指数(HSI)、主要生化成分和组织学结构的变化。结果表明:(1)三疣梭子蟹第一次卵巢发育过程中HSI呈先上升后下降趋势,最大值在Ⅳ期[(7.46±1.23)%],最低值在Ⅵ期[(4.62±0.63)%];(2)三疣梭子蟹第一次卵巢发育过程中,肝胰腺中的生化组成存在显著变化,Ⅰ期肝胰腺中水分含量高达67.91%,其他各期间无显著差异(P>0.05),肝胰腺中脂肪/湿重含量呈先上升后下降趋势,Ⅰ期最低(13.48%),Ⅳ期最高(24.24%);肝胰腺中蛋白/湿重并无显著变化(P>0.05),而总糖/湿重呈显著下降趋势(P<0.05);(3)不同生理阶段雌体肝胰腺组织学存在两个较明显的变化—生殖蜕壳及产卵前后,Ⅰ期肝小管中B细胞占优势(约50%左右),R细胞较细长,肝小管内腔中存在大量食物残渣和脱落的B细胞顶泡等,生殖蜕壳后(Ⅱ期后)的雌体肝胰腺中R细胞数量较多,随着时间的推移R细胞逐渐饱满。产卵后雌体肝胰腺中的细胞间界限变得模糊,部分肝小管的管腔开始自溶,但是此时B,F细胞数量开始增多,这说明随着春季东海海区水温的升高,雌体开始恢复摄食,以保证第二次卵巢发育的顺利进行。 相似文献
4.
研究了黄海野生石鲽繁殖生物学特性,结果表明:石鲽性成熟系数(GSI)和肝重指数(HIS)与繁殖周期呈现密切关系;未成熟的卵巢呈桔红色,接近性成熟卵巢呈桔黄色,成熟期卵巢呈淡黄色,血管和卵粒清晰可见,处于退化期卵巢呈紫红色;依据卵巢组织学和卵母细胞组织形态将石鲽卵巢划分为5个发育期;分析GSI和HSI及其与繁殖期的关系。黄海水域石鲽繁殖期为11月至翌年2月,1年只有1个产卵期。 相似文献
5.
为了分析人工养殖军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)亲鱼营养储备情况与性腺发育的相关性,作者采用生化的方法,对其肌肉、肝脏及性腺氨基酸含量进行测定。结果表明:(1)雄性亲鱼从Ⅳ期发育到Ⅴ期的过程中,精巢和肝脏牛磺酸含量、精巢总氨基酸含量均呈显著递增(P0.05);肌肉氨基酸总量呈显著下降趋势(P0.05);而肝脏氨基酸总量则无显著性差异(P0.05);(2)雌性亲鱼从Ⅳ期发育到Ⅴ期的过程中,肝脏牛磺酸含量呈显著升高(P0.05);卵巢无显著变化(P0.05);总氨基酸含量差异变化规律与雄性亲鱼相类似。(3)亲鱼总氨基酸含量、必需氨基酸含量在不同组织间存在显著差异(P0.05),表现为肌肉含量最高,其次是性腺,肝脏中最低。肌肉、肝脏及性腺氨基酸组成类似,含量较高的为谷氨酸、天冬氨酸和赖氨酸;含量较低的为组氨酸、蛋氨酸和半胱氨酸。(4)发育处于同期性腺雌雄亲鱼,雄性亲鱼肌肉、性腺必需氨基酸含量和总氨基酸含量显著高于雌性亲鱼(P0.05),而肝脏必需氨基酸含量总和氨基酸含量无显著性变化(P0.05)。 相似文献
6.
本实验以64d为限,设A1(34%),A2(38%),A3(42%)三个蛋白梯度水平和B1(5%),B2(8%),B3(11%)三个脂肪梯度水平,采用正交试验方法研究了饲料中不同脂肪及蛋白质水平对日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponensis)[平均体重(0.69±0.23)g]生长性能、体成分和消化酶活力的影响。结果表明,脂肪和蛋白质水平对日本沼虾成活率影响不显著(P0.05),脂肪水平对32d相对增重率和特定生长率影响显著(P0.05)。B3组的特定生长率和相对增重率均显著低于B1和B2组(P0.05)。全虾和肌肉的脂肪含量显著地受饲料脂肪水平的影响(P0.05)。饲料中蛋白质水平对全虾的干物质、蛋白质和灰分含量,以及肌肉中脂肪、蛋白质含量影响显著(P0.05)。饲料脂肪水平对肝胰脏中脂肪酶活力影响显著(P0.05),蛋白水平对肝胰脏中脂肪酶、蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力影响不显著(P0.05)。本文认为日本沼虾饲料脂肪水平应以5%—8%较为合适,蛋白质水平应在38%左右较为合适。 相似文献
7.
《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(7)
研究了太平洋鳕(Gadus macrocephalus)繁殖期性腺发育组织学、性成熟系数(GSI)和肝重指数(HSI)、性腺抽提液中睾酮(T)和雌二醇(E2)含量,分析了这些指标在太平洋鳕繁殖过程中的生理作用。研究表明:太平洋鳕卵巢从12月开始进入Ⅳ期,精巢于11月进入Ⅳ期,两者均在翌年2月达到成熟。雌性个体中,卵巢组织中T和E_2含量在12月显著升高(P0.05),雄性个体中,精巢组织中T和E2含量在11月底显著升高(P0.05),到12月下旬维持在稳定状态,雌雄鱼性腺中T和E_2含量均在翌年1月达到峰值,在3月显著下降(P0.05),之后一直保持较低水平直到下个性腺成熟期。研究结果表明,性腺发育成熟期,太平洋鳕性腺中T和E_2含量变化显著,与GSI变化趋势呈正相关,与HSI变化趋势呈负相关,说明T和E_2对太平洋鳕的性腺发育成熟具有重要作用。 相似文献
8.
卵黄蛋白原和血蓝蛋白是凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeusvannamei)卵巢和/或肝胰腺合成的重要蛋白。利用半定量和荧光定量PCR技术分别检测了亲虾卵巢不同发育期卵黄蛋白原和血蓝蛋白mRNA在卵巢和肝胰腺的相对表达量。结果显示,卵黄蛋白原mRNA在卵巢和肝胰腺中均有表达,其相对表达量随着卵巢发育持续增加,在第五期达到最高,在恢复期迅速下降。根据卵巢和肝胰腺质量的综合计算,凡纳滨对虾的卵黄蛋白中,卵巢的贡献率占主导地位,约占80%,而肝胰腺仅为卵巢的四分之一。血蓝蛋白mRNA主要在肝胰腺中表达,随着卵巢的发育,表达量呈增加趋势,至第三期达到高峰,其后稍有下降,但仍然维持在较高水平,在第六期恢复到初始水平。血蓝蛋白是否直接或间接参与了卵黄发生和卵巢发育有待进一步探讨研究。 相似文献
9.
盐度对三疣梭子蟹生长、肌肉组成及蛋白酶活性的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
设置11、17、23、29、35共5个盐度梯度的水体,饲养平均初重为(14.45±1.36)g的三疣梭子蟹(Portunus trituberculatus)30d,研究盐度对三疣梭子蟹生长、肌肉组成、肝胰腺和胃中蛋白酶活性的影响。结果表明,在11~29的盐度范围内,三疣梭子蟹生长速度、肝胰腺和胃中蛋白酶活性均随盐度升高而升高,盐度上升到35时上述各指标又都显著下降(P0.05);盐度对肌肉含水量影响不显著(P0.05),但17以下盐度组的肌肉含水量高于23以上盐度组;盐度对肌肉粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量影响显著(P0.05),29盐度组肌肉蛋白显著高于17以下盐度组(P0.05),在试验盐度范围内,肌肉粗脂肪含量随盐度上升显著升高(P0.05)。 相似文献
10.
通过投喂添加β-胡萝卜素质量比分别为50,100 mg/kg的实验饲料,饲养中华绒螯蟹(Eriocheir sinensis)60 d,探讨了对中华绒螯蟹卵巢发育及免疫学指标的影响。结果表明,β-胡萝卜素能够明显增加中华绒螯蟹的质量,提高养殖成活率;极显著提高中华绒螯蟹血细胞吞噬百分率(P<0.01);显著或极显著降低血清超氧化物歧化酶活力(P<0.05或P<0.01);极显著增加卵巢中总类胡萝卜素的含量(P<0.01);显著增加肝胰腺中总类胡萝卜素的含量(P<0.05);较明显增加中华绒螯蟹卵巢指数和卵母细胞直径,但对于肝胰腺指数、卵巢和肝胰腺蛋白质影响较小。 相似文献
11.
The analysis of the structure of the cryolithozone, facies, and thicknesses of the Quaternary sediments and the results of the physicochemical mathematical modeling of the modern shelf of the western part of the Laptev Sea support the influence of the Late Pleistocene glaciations on the heat conditions and the distribution of the permafrost in the area. A ～200-m thick glacier formed under aerial conditions from atmospheric precipitation represented the metamorphosed snow cover. According to the modeling, the long-living (from 60?50 to 10?4 ky) glacier reduced the thickness of the permafrost rocks in the reviewed shelf area for 280–360 m. The Holocene marine transgression additionally decreased the thickness from 50–140 m on the inner shelf to 220–350 m on the outer shelf. The modern submarine cryolithozone 450-0 m thick is wide-spread in the studied region from the coast to the shelf boundary (isobaths of 130–140 m), where it pinches out at a distance of ～380 km from the coast at a depth of ～250 m above the sea level. 相似文献
12.
We analyze the components of the carbon system of the Sevastopol bay waters and the balance of main sediment-forming substances
using the data of field investigations in 1998–2008. The interannual variations of total inorganic carbon and the equilibrium
partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the bay water are noted. An increase in the flux of carbon dioxide into the bay and
in the content of organic carbon in bottom sediments is revealed, and an explanation of this phenomenon is given. The priority
accumulation of organic carbon in the sediments of the bay is established. We assess the interannual variation in the relative
abundances of organic and inorganic carbon as an index of the carbon cycle stability. 相似文献
13.
We generalize and analyze the state of investigations of the influence of river waters on the hydrologic structure of the
Black Sea. Specific features of the water, regime and hydrography of rivers flowing into the sea, data on the discharge of
rivers, and intrayear and interyear variability of the discharge are presented. We discuss and analyze works studying the
transformation of river waters, routes of desalinized sea waters, and their influence on the thermohaline structure and dynamic
regime of the sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
14.
V. A. Ivanov S. P. Lyubartseva N. Mikhailova N. B. Shapiro 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(6):509-524
We analyze the results of numerical calculations performed according to the three-dimensional interdisciplinary model of an
ecological system of the Black-Sea shelf zone near the estuary of the Danube. The complete system of equations of hydrothermodynamics
is solved together with transport equations of the advection-diffusion-reaction type used to describe the transformation of
a substance (nitrogen) between the components of the characteristic vectors of the ecosystem: plankton, detritus, and biogenic
elements (nitrates). We describe the distinctive features of the circumcontinental distribution of components obtained as
a result of numerical experiments and present arguments for the conclusion that the ecosystem of the Danube estuary water
area plays the role of a buffer zone between the press of the Danubian biogenic pollutions and the neighbouring areas of the
shelf zone and open sea.
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
15.
Ten years of semistationary studies of the interaction of the ice cover and the coastal relief of the Kandalakhsa Gulf in the White Sea allowed us to reveal the peculiarities of these processes in the warm and cold years and the mechanisms of the origination of ice forms, including ice tents, which govern the character of the tidal flats. Three dynamic fast ice zones are distinguished by their geomorphological location, morphology, and ice dynamics. The dependence of the mechanisms and volumes of the enrichment of the fast ice in the sediments on the coastal zone??s relief was established. At the coast of the Kindo Peninsula (Velikaya Salma Strait), the ice mostly contains fine-sandy sediments. Coarser sediments, including boulders, are occasional and frozen into the ice at the contact of the fast ice and the bottom. At the expense of the ice??s spreading by 4?C6 times in the warm years and 2?C4 times in the cold years, several thousand tons of sediments mostly from the tidal flat??s surface (100?C700 m3 from 1 km of coast in the wide tidal flats and <50 m3 on the steep coasts) are delivered to the water area. 相似文献
16.
Relationship between the path of the Kuroshio in the south of Japan and the path of the Kuroshio Extension in the east 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
A relationship between paths of the Kuroshio and Kuroshio Extension (KE) is investigated, using the satellite-derived altimetry
dataset of 1993–2008. When the Kuroshio takes the nearshore nonlarge meander path or typical large meander path and resultantly
goes through the deeper channel (about 2500 m) of the Izu-Ogasawara Ridge, the KE path adopts a relatively stable state with
the two quasi-stationary meanders. On the other hand, when the Kuroshio takes the offshore nonlarge meander path and then
passes over the shallower part of the Ridge (about 1000 m), the KE path tends to be convoluted, i.e., an unstable state. 相似文献
17.
I. E. Timchenko A. A. Primalenny V. D. Yarin E. F. Vasechkina E. M. Igumnova 《Physical Oceanography》2001,11(4):367-378
We use many-year archival observations of hydrologic and hydrobiologic state of the Sea of Azov for the identification of
the structure of a model of its ecosystem. The ecosystem model, supplemented with expert estimates of bioresource consumption
(fish reserve), contamination level, and possible ecologic fines for violation of the sea natural state, is formalized by
the method of system dynamics. Hereat, the major part of influence functions is found in terms of observational data with
application of self-organization algorithms. We also present the results of simulated experiments with the model of the ecosystem,
which enable us to analyse scenarios of its behaviour under the influence of various external factors (wind, river discharge,
water exchange with the Black Sea, etc.).
Translated by Peter V. Malyshev and Dmitry V. Malyshev 相似文献
18.
I. G. Ostrovskaya 《Physical Oceanography》1992,3(5):397-403
Three mathematical models are considered: a two-dimensional model for calculating the concentration fields of the ecosystem components on the shelf of the Republic of Guinea, a pointwise model for the annual variation of the components, and a two predators-prey model. These models are used to study the effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the state of the shelf ecosystem and for research into the causes which distort the balance between marketable and unmarketable fish.Translated by Mikhail M. Trufanov. 相似文献
19.
Al. A. Shreider 《Oceanology》2007,47(1):91-103
The first data on the temporal evolution of the slope of the buried depression of the Black Sea are obtained. The sharp change in the rate of the decrease in the slope steepness that occurred in the Late Miocene-Pliocene time reflects a reorientation of the vector of mutual movement and a related intensification of the collision between the Arabian and Eurasian lithospheric plates. 相似文献
20.
The study of the sedimentary body of the Bransfield Strait has made it possible to identify several sedimentary complexes, to construct the first electronic charts for the acoustic basement, and to establish four stages of the evolution of its floor, which updates the previous knowledge about the formation of the strait. At the first stage, there was an increase in tension stresses that were accompanied by the local splits of the continental crust at the periphery of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the second stage, a graben-like structure filled with the Lower stratigraphic complex was formed northward of the Antarctic Peninsula. At the third stage, the continuing processes of extension led to intensive explosive activity of the growing volcanic structures and filling of the graben with sediments of the Middle seismostratigraphic complex. The fourth stage, which has continued until recently, is characterized by quasi-linear localization of the major centers of volcanic activity in the band closer to the South-Shetland Islands and the formation of the Upper seismostratigraphic sedimentary complex. The evolution of the floor of the Bransfield Strait reflects the process of penetration of the American-Antarctic ridge to the continental lithosphere of the Antarctic Peninsula for the last million years. 相似文献