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1.
文章从系统工程学角度，基于R&D机构数、R&D人员数、R&D经费投入总额、GDP和科研专利授权量等数据，构建AHP-OVP模型，对粤港澳大湾区海洋科技产业合作潜力进行评价。结果发现：粤港澳大湾区海洋科技合作潜力层次分明，具有“两头小，中间大”的特点，香港与湾区内任一城市合作都能实现很好的契合度，是大湾区城市群海洋科技发展增长极，广州和深圳科研基础较为优越，应在增强自身海洋科技能力的同时帮助周边城市融入粤港澳大湾区海洋科技合作网络。促进大湾区海洋科技产业合作，应建立“核心 外围”式区域产业布局，发挥政府对海洋科技产业链培育的良性引导作用，完善以海洋技术咨询、海洋技术交易、风险资本市场、人才和信息沟通等为主要内容的大湾区城市群服务网络。 相似文献
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海洋命运共同体理念与粤港澳大湾区海洋协同发展共同蕴含着“各美其美,美人之美,美美与共,天下大同”的理念。文章在探讨海洋命运共同体理念与粤港澳大湾区海洋协同发展的内在联系的基础上，结合粤港澳大湾区协同发展的现状和特点，提出基于海洋命运共同体理念的粤港澳大湾区海洋协同发展的7项策略，包括：建立海洋合作协调机制；加强涉海产业合作统筹谋划；以绿色发展理念优化海洋发展环境；以人才为牵引开展多层次合作交流；建立多方联动的应急保障服务平台；讲好粤港澳大湾区海洋协同发展故事；强化跟踪分析和督促检查。 相似文献
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在新常态背景下，海洋科技作为海洋经济发展新旧动能转化的推动力，对促进海洋经济高质量发展具有重要作用。本文基于三阶段 DEA 模型，剔除环境因素和随机干扰，测算 2006—2018 年我国 11 个沿海地区海洋科技创新效率，进一步
建立 Tobit 模型分析其影响因素。研究结果表明：在 2006—2018 年间，我国 11 个沿海地区海洋科技创新效率整体水平较低，区域差异明显；海洋科技创新规模效率过低是限制我国海洋科技创新效率提高的主要原因；政府支持力度、高技术产业规模、企业科技研发强度、科研机构研发能力、科技人才专业素质和科技人才组成结构等对海洋科技创新效率有促进作用，而地方财政科学支出对海洋科技创新效率有负向影响。应通过建立海洋科技创新核心主导下的区域协调机制，提高海洋科技创新规模化水平，完善海洋科技创新支撑体系，进一步提高我国海洋科技创新效率，形成创新驱动发展的科技兴海长效机制，推进海洋强国战略实施。 相似文献
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为促进粤港澳大湾区的发展,提高其国际综合竞争力,文章在分析粤港澳大湾区发展条件的基础上,针对面临的问题,提出发展建议。研究结果表明:丰富的自然资源、集聚的城市经济和众多的渔港渔村为粤港澳大湾区的发展提供优越条件,但该区域发展面临资源要素分散和生态环境压力大等问题;对此,应树立"串珠成链"的发展思路,打造粤港澳大湾区6条重要发展链,即依托高(快)速铁路的"城镇链"、依托高(快)速公路的"产业链"、依托互联网的"创新链"、依托航道网络的"物流链"、依托滨海公路的"旅游链"和依托生态廊道的"生态链"。 相似文献
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粤港澳三地为共同应对跨境污染等环境问题开始携手，经过多年的交流深化，已形成总体规划引领，合作框架协议约束，联席会议与粤港、粤澳环保合作小组及其下设的专题小组相结合的海洋环境协同共治平台。目前，粤港澳大湾区仍面临海域水质不断恶化、湿地生态功能退化、海洋生物资源衰退等严峻的生态问题。通过系统梳理，借鉴国际三大湾区先进经验，提出健全大湾区海洋生态环境协同治理法制体系、完善协同共治平台、统筹规划海洋生态环境保护、健全公众参与制度等策略，完善大湾区海洋生态环境协同共治机制。 相似文献
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海岛是海洋资源开发利用价值的核心内容之一。为合理保护及开发利用粤港澳大湾区海岛资源,促进海岛产业布局优化,从海岛资源空间分布角度出发,探析海岛在粤港澳大湾区发展中重点平台的作用。以粤港澳大湾区纳入中国海域海岛标准名录的850个海岛为研究对象,在对其地理坐标、陆域面积等基础数据进行数理统计的基础上,通过ArcGIS软件平台,采用最邻近距离法、核密度估计法、洛伦兹曲线和基尼系数方法,对粤港澳大湾区海岛的空间分布特征进行了分析与研究。结果表明:粤港澳大湾区海岛在空间上趋于集聚分布,呈现总体带状分布,局部组团分布的特点,形成了湾区西部海岛分布带和大鹏湾-大亚湾区、九州列岛区、万山-佳蓬担杆列岛区、川山群岛区4个明显的集聚区;粤港澳大湾区海岛以沿岸岛为主,面积分布呈现不均衡性的特点,基尼系数达0.58。 相似文献
7.
随着海洋强国战略的实施，探究海洋科技创新对于海洋经济的影响成为实现海洋强国目标的重要推动力。文章基于2008—2019年中国11个沿海地区的面板数据，构建面板模型，在金融发展视角下探讨海洋科技创新对于海洋经济高质量发展的调节效应以及门槛非线性作用。结果表明：海洋科技创新对于海洋经济高质量增长具有显著促进作用；在海洋科技创新对海洋经济高质量发展的影响过程中，金融发展规模和效率表现出正向调节效应，而金融发展结构的调节效应暂不显著；在海洋科技创新作用于海洋经济高质量发展的过程中，金融发展规模存在双门槛效应以及最佳金融发展水平区间，金融发展结构和效率均存在单门槛效应，即当金融发展结构大于单一门槛值时，海洋科技创新对海洋经济高质量增长表现显著正向作用，当金融发展效率大于单一门槛值时，海洋科技创新对海洋经济高质量增长的促进作用增大。 相似文献
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为加强海洋生态环境保护，大力提高海洋科技创新能力，推动海洋经济、海洋科技创新和海洋生态环境三者协调发展，文章以我国沿海11省（自治区、直辖市）为研究对象，选取22个评价指标，采用综合评价模型和耦合协调模型，评价2016年各沿海地区海洋经济、海洋科技创新和海洋生态环境的协调发展状况，并提出发展建议。研究结果表明:广东和山东处于中级耦合协调状态，上海和福建分别由于海洋生态环境和海洋科技创新的制约而处于初级耦合协调状态，天津等4个地区处于勉强耦合协调状态，河北处于轻度失调衰退状态，海南和广西处于中度失调衰退状态；各沿海地区在发展海洋经济的同时要提高海洋科技创新能力，守住海洋生态环境的底线，推动海洋经济系统、海洋科技创新系统和海洋生态环境系统的协调发展。 相似文献
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推动数字经济与现代海洋产业体系协调发展是实现海洋经济高质量发展和海洋强国战略的重要内容。通过构建综合评价体系，文章从时间和空间两个维度考察中国沿海11个省(自治区、直辖市)数字经济与现代海洋产业体系的耦合协调关系；并基于空间误差模型，分析了两者耦合协调度的影响因素。结果表明：沿海地区数字经济与现代海洋产业体系发展水平均呈上升趋势，两者的耦合协调度逐步向高水平迈进，呈现出“以上海和广东为中心逐渐扩散发展”的空间特征；耦合协调度呈现明显的空间自相关性，经济发展、产业结构、人力资本、科技创新水平是重要驱动因素。因此，要重视数字经济发展，积极构建数字经济与现代海洋产业体系协同机制，促进海洋产业、人力资源、科技创新协同发展，助力海洋经济高质量发展。 相似文献
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推动大型科研设施与仪器开放共享是我国深入实施创新驱动的发展战略，也是持续支撑科技创新的重要举措。海洋试验场是海洋科技创新、产业发展和业务体系建设的重要平台，其秉持公益、开放、共享的原则，助力海洋经济高质量发展。海洋试验场开放共享将会成为海洋强国创新驱动发展的“助推器”。文章比较了国内外大型科研设施与仪器开放共享的政策与现状，分析了国家和市场对海洋试验场的共享需求，依据我国海洋试验场已具备的条件，探讨了试验场共享内容、方式和机制，提出了海洋试验场向社会开放共享的若干建议。 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
19.
Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献
20.
The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献