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海岸带是陆海协调发展的核心区域,进行陆海系统耦合协调发展评价对推动陆海统筹战略的实施至关重要。本文通过构建陆海耦合协调发展评价指标体系,对胶州湾地区陆海耦合协调发展程度进行定量评价,结果表明：2007-2021年,胶州湾地区陆海两系统综合得分均呈上升趋势,至2015年,海域系统综合得分赶超陆域系统成为陆海耦合协调发展的主要力量;区域陆海耦合协调发展等级从“勉强协调发展类”过渡到“良好协调发展类”,由“陆域主导型”过渡到“海域主导型”;统筹陆海资源环境承载力和发展潜力有助于陆海复合系统耦合协调发展能力的提升。同时,运用系统动力学建立陆海复合系统仿真模型,模拟陆海统筹背景下胶州湾陆海系统中各变量的发展态势。以上研究结果可为海岸带地区探索陆海统筹背景下可持续发展新途径提供参考与借鉴。 相似文献
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“陆海统筹”已上升为国家战略高度,对国民经济社会发展意义重大。国外的海岸带综合管理与我国“陆海统筹”具有相似性,在实施“陆海统筹”战略时,澳大利亚海岸带综合管理有许多成功经验可以借鉴。文章系统梳理了澳大利亚海岸带综合管理的特征与趋势,继而结合我国海岸带管理的实际情况,提出相应对策。包括开展基于海岸带生态系统的海岸带综合规划;健全和完善海岸带管理的法律法规体系;建立海岸带综合管理委员会和海岸带管理非政府组织;加强海岸带保护区建设,发展海岸带生态产业;强化公众的参与意识,引导利益相关者的参与等推进海岸带管理建设。希望对中国政府部门进行海岸带管理决策有所参考。 相似文献
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随着海洋与海岸带开发利用活动的复杂化和深入化，海岸带地区的资源环境问题逐渐显露出来，经济效益降低，传统单一的海岸带管理模式无法满足海洋开发的需求。国外由此提出了海岸带综合管理的概念，我国与之对应的是陆海统筹发展战略。文章对海岸带综合管理与陆海统筹的发展历程进行梳理，分析其概念内涵及发展变化，并从战略目标、空间范围、功能范围和实施手段4个方面比较了二者内涵的异同。最后，指出海岸带综合管理与陆海统筹后续研究应加强海岸带综合管理典型案例研究，推动海岸带综合管理走向海岸带综合治理，探讨人、陆、海三者耦合的机理和过程，加强陆海统筹的发展路径研究。 相似文献
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为系统推进海岸带生态修复和实现海岸带可持续发展,文章以象山港流域为例,基于国土空间重塑理论和景观生态理论,在陆海统筹视角下构建“本底评估-风险诊断-格局构建-分区修复”的海岸带生态修复分区技术框架,并进行生态修复分区。研究结果表明：象山港流域的生态重要性整体较高,其中林地水体生态系统是核心,约有50%为生态极敏感区域和生态高度敏感区域;12个生态源地通过生态廊道相互连接,呈现“两横一纵”的总体生态安全格局;结合生态安全格局构建、生态重要性和生态敏感性分析以及海洋功能区划,象山港流域可划分为2个等级生态源点、3条生态带、1个恢复区、3个缓冲区、3个保育区和5个修复区,分别开展相关生态修复工程。 相似文献
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为促进广东省生态文明建设和经济可持续发展,文章以自然资源统一管理为视角,遵循陆海统筹的理念,分析广东省海岸带生态修复的现状、挑战、重点关注的关系以及发展路径。研究结果表明:广东省加大对海岸带生态修复的投入,开展海岸整治修复等一系列生态修复项目,在海水质量、管理机制和人居环境等方面取得初步成效,但仍在统筹规划、管理衔接、技术研究和投入保障等方面存在不足;海岸带生态修复应重点关注并处理好4个关系,即陆地和海洋、修复和保护、修复和发展以及属地和联动的关系;在此基础上,应通过统一规划、机制保障和共同参与,进一步优化海岸带生态修复效果。 相似文献
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海岸带是中国乃至全球经济快速发展的引擎带,全球超过1 000万人口的大城市有70%位于海岸带河口区域。海岸带城市具有陆海交汇的典型特征,因其融合城市与海洋的特性成为生态文明教育的典型。以海城耦合为创新切入点,推动海岸带城市生态文明课程教育方法论与教学实践的发展。通过融合习近平生态文明思想、复杂性理论和系统学理论实现方法论体系创新,结合海岸带城市生态文明建设的现实问题与需求,以“学科耦合—陆海耦合—人海耦合”,打通海岸带城市生态文明专业、通识和科普三大教育之间的壁垒;以海城耦合课程实践培育生态文明专业学生的海洋意识,实现教育与科研相长,科研与科普互融,协同推动海城耦合的海岸带城市生态文明教育。研究构建海城耦合的教学新范式,以课程推动生态学科、海洋学科和规划管理学科交叉创新,培养高质量海岸带城市生态文明人才,服务于我国生态文明建设和海洋强国战略。 相似文献
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为保障我国海岸带可持续发展和海洋强国建设，文章在概述海岸带及其特点的基础上，分析我国海岸带的生态环境问题及其成因，总结国外海岸带生态环境法律保护的经验，并提出相应的对策建议。研究结果表明:海岸带是陆地和海洋相互作用的交界区域，资源极其丰富，但具有生态环境脆弱性；我国海岸带面临环境污染、资源破坏和灾害频发等问题，主要原因为人类活动高度密集、法律体系不完善、行政管理缺乏规划、执法机制不健全；根据美国、韩国和欧盟海岸带生态环境法律保护的经验，我国应构建并完善海岸带生态环境保护的法律体系、建立陆海统筹综合管理机制、建立高效的海岸带执法机制以及提高公众参与度。 相似文献
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“多规合一”后,我国海洋空间规划体系正经历重塑,在陆海统筹落实方面仍有所欠缺,存在陆海空间综合管理机制缺失、规划中陆海相互作用考虑不足、陆海生态系统缺乏整体性保护等问题。本文通过梳理国际资源委员会《海岸带资源治理：对可持续蓝色经济的意义》报告中的主要观点,立足我国国土空间规划管理现状和问题,总结出其对我国落实陆海统筹的具体启示,提出陆海统筹落实国家战略、统筹陆海产业健康发展、分层施行陆海一体化保护与利用策略、实施基于生态系统的海岸带管理等建议,旨在服务和完善我国海洋空间规划管理工作。 相似文献
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新时代国土空间规划是未来可持续发展的空间蓝图。陆地与海洋作为国土空间的两大主体,落实陆海统筹战略、推进生态保护和高质量发展已成为沿海地区国土空间规划编制的重要内容。文章阐述陆海统筹的重点内容并分析其实现路径,研究结果有助于推动陆海统筹在国土空间规划中的有效落实,提升国土空间规划编制的科学性。研究结果表明在新时代背景下,可从6个方面实现陆海统筹:有机衔接陆海主体功能,统筹协调岸线两侧矛盾,统筹塑造陆海空间格局;统筹规划陆海自然资源的保护与开发;统筹布局和协调发展陆海产业;建立陆海一体的交通和防灾支撑体系;开展陆海协同的生态环境保护与修复治理;建设陆海统筹的管理体制机制。 相似文献
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海岸带综合管理作为沿海区域实现可持续发展目标的重要途径,对沿海地区科学有效地利用海岸带资源具有重要意义。本文从国家、省、市三个层面分析了我国当前海岸带综合管理制度现状和实践状况,提出了在海岸带综合管理立法缺失、权属不清、海陆统筹不能兼顾、海岸带规划与评价不足、管理技术亟待升级、海岸带基础数据尚不完备等制度方面存在的问题;基于国内外对海岸带综合管理的经验和实践,从加快海岸带立法、完善海岸带规划、协调综合管理、兼顾陆海统筹、提升管理技术、加强管理效果评价以及夯实基础信息等方面提出海岸带综合管理制度进一步完善的措施和建议,为进一步提升我国海岸带综合管理工作提供参考。 相似文献
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在新一轮国土空间规划改革和区域高质量发展战略背景下，全域全要素互动互联的“陆海统筹”理念为沿海地区国土空间开发适宜性评价提供了新思路。本文基于陆、海系统“三类空间”（农业/渔业、城镇/港口、生态）功能和多要素集成评价思维，构建了陆海统筹视角下沿海地区国土空间开发适宜性评价的指标体系，在此基础上，提出“‘三类空间’功能评价—冲突识别—统筹修正”的三步走集成评价方法。嘉兴实证案例结果表明，该集成评价方法可以科学、准确地识别沿海地区陆海空间开发和保护的矛盾区。并通过冲突区域评价结果统筹，确定未来适宜进行建设、生产以及生态保护的陆海空间总规模，实现陆海统筹理念下沿海地区空间开发适宜性评价“一张图”，进而提升沿海地区空间管制的科学性和有序化。 相似文献
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本文阐述了东亚海区海岸带综合管理实践如何从地方性的示范发展到区域性的合作管理框架，如何实现海洋和海岸带资源的可持续利用．文中着重突出了厦门市政府在维持环境保护和经济发展的平衡，启动和实施海岸带综合管理，以及与沿海国在国际合作方面的经验，总结了厦门实施海岸带综合管理的主要经验，包括多部门间综合协调机制、海岸带综合管理法律框架、科技支撑体系的建立，海洋功能区划、环境剖面和战略环境管理计划的制定，以及实现海上联合执法等等．同时阐述了东亚海域环境管理区域合作计划（PEMSEA）与澳大利亚合作伙伴之间的关系在推动沿海城市的国际合作中将起到的作用． 相似文献
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《Ocean & Coastal Management》2000,43(6):475-494
A survey of coastal and marine resource use conflicts in Tanzania was carried out to highlight them, investigate their origin and finally, suggest ways of minimizing them. Although Tanzania is putting emphasis on environmental issues, including coastal zone management, integrated coastal area management has not yet been integrated into the government management structure/approach. Many conflicts are the result of sectoral approach to coastal and marine resources management, and improper or poor implementation of government policies. Additionally, the local coastal community, who are the foremost stakeholder, were most often not involved in the planning, decision and implementation of many projects and policies even those that affect them directly. Ignorance about the linkages of coastal and marine ecosystems and resources is also an important factor. I suggest that integrated coastal area management which is the foundation for sustainable development, as far as coastal and marine resources are concerned, should be integrated into the government administrative structure. A lead agency with full authority on all activities on the coastal area, including issuance of permits for environmental sensitive businesses/activities, should be nominated or established. This will reduce conflicts by bringing about national coordination of coastal area management. 相似文献
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The Netherlands is a low-lying country, in which 9 million people are living below sea level and 70% of the gross domestic product is being earned in areas below sea level. Therefore, protection against flooding is traditionally the primary focus of coastal policy in the Netherlands. Analysis shows that characteristics of Dutch coastal management very well comply with the recommendations and key concepts to support sustainable coastal management as issued by the EU in 2004 (EUROSION). Sediment management represents the core of erosion management in the Netherlands; key concepts like resilience, coastal sediment cells, favorable sediment status and strategic sediment reservoirs, are important building stones. Development and implementation of coastal erosion management in the Netherlands, has implicitly been guided by a systematic Frame-of-Reference. Characteristics of this approach are the definition of clear objectives at different levels (i.e. strategic, tactical and operational) and an operational decision recipe related to policy development and implementation. Application of the Frame-of-Reference to current problems and challenges in Dutch coastal management indicates its ability to reveal shortcomings of the existing approach, and to explore potential solutions. Where EUROSION offers important concepts to define coastal erosion management, the Frame-of-Reference offers a tool to discern different objectives and responsibilities. The combination of both strongly supports implementation of coastal erosion management. 相似文献
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Marcel Marchand Agustin Sanchez-ArcillaMaria Ferreira Jeremy GaultJosé A. Jiménez Marina MarkovicJan Mulder Leo van RijnAdrian St?nic? Wojciech SuliszJames Sutherland 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2011,54(12):859-866
The main objective of the Conscience project was to develop and test concepts, guidelines and tools for the sustainable management of erosion along the European coastline, based on the best available scientific knowledge and on existing practical experience. Four concepts are potentially capable of providing the nexus between scientific knowledge and management: coastal resilience, coastal sediment cell, favourable sediment status and strategic sediment reservoir. The project has tested the use of these concepts and found that they are useful, provided that they are positioned and linked within a logical structure that we shall call the Conscience “Frame of Reference”, defined in time and space and supported through data and monitoring. Practical experience in six coastal sites in Europe has shown that the use of this Frame of Reference together with these concepts can make management objectives explicit and transparent. It can therefore support the design of an appropriate, resilience based coastal erosion management practice. 相似文献
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C. Vinchon S. Aubie Y. Balouin L. Closset M. Garcin D. Idier C. Mallet 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2009,52(1):47-56
LIFE Environment/RESPONSE project (2003–2006) aimed to evaluate and map, at regional scale, the impact of climate change on coastal risks (erosion and marine flooding), by anticipating the response to regional climatic change scenarios of coastal systems. These are described by their geomorphology, coastal processes, known hazardous events and existing defences. Application on Aquitaine and Languedoc Roussillon regions (France) assesses the likely increase of the coastal risks. In both regions, the weight of geomorphology and settlement development is underlined. The results point out the need for better knowledge on physical resilience capacity of the coast, assets values and vulnerability, and the urge of an integrated management approach of coastal risk, at least at the scale of sedimentary cell. 相似文献
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Ramon Faustino M. Sales 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2009,52(7):395-404
Coastal areas are vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and sea-level rise. These impacts will exacerbate the risks posed by the continuing environmental degradation confronting the coastal communities.Adopting a participatory research approach, the study examines the vulnerability of socioeconomic groups among the coastal population in Cavite City, Philippines, their current adaptation strategies and their adaptive capacity to cope with the impacts of climate variability and extremes and sea-level rise. Under a future scenario of a 1-m accelerated sea-level rise (ASLR), the study also looks into its potential effects on these urban coastal communities and ecosystems.In the context of poverty reduction and sustainable development, this study suggests a local framework for integrating adaptation strategies and actions into integrated coastal management (ICM) planning. It also recommends appropriate policy and institutional reform, capacity building and improved knowledge management towards increasing the resilience and adaptive capacity of these coastal communities to current and future climate risks. 相似文献