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1.
虾蛄肉酶法制备抗氧化肽的工艺优化和活性研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
以虾蛄(Oratosquillaoratoria)肉为研究的对象,用胰蛋白酶水解得到抗氧化肽,以1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基清除率为指标,采用L16(45)正交试验和三因素三水平的响应面分析法,对酶解工艺进行分析优化。结果表明最佳的酶解工艺条件为:温度51.1°C,pH7.07,加酶量1500U/g,料液比1︰3.09,酶解时间2h,DPPH自由基清除率47.3466%,理论值与预测值相差很小,说明该方法可行。在此条件下测得羟基自由基的清除率为88.9%,超氧阴离子清除率为29.13%,还原力A700为0.243,表明虾蛄肉酶解多肽有较强的抗氧化性,可以进一步分离纯化从中提取抗氧化肽。 相似文献
2.
海水螺旋藻C-藻蓝蛋白富硒及其抗氧化特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对海水钝顶螺旋藻Spirulina platensis C-藻蓝蛋白的富硒能力及含硒c-藻蓝蛋白对超氧阴离子(O2·)和羟基自由基(·OH)的清除作用进行了研究.结果表明,在添加低浓度硒(40-80mg·L-1)培养时,海水钝顶螺旋藻c.藻蓝蛋白对硒的富集效果显著强于淡水螺旋藻C-藻蓝蛋白.硒浓度为40mg·L-1时,C-藻蓝蛋白对硒的利用率最高,富硒系数最大(O.9%);硒浓度为60mg·L-1时,C-藻蓝蛋白含硒量最高(402mg·kg-1).含硒C-藻蓝蛋白比CJ藻蓝蛋白对超氧阴离子和羟基自由基的清除作用都有所加强,清除效应与C-藻蓝蛋白的含硒量及蛋白浓度呈正相关.C-藻蓝蛋白含硒量最高组(402mg·kg-1)在浓度为180μg·ml-1时,对超氧阴离子和羟基自由基的清除率分别可达到83%和35%,远高于同样条件下其他淡水种类相应蛋白的清除作用.研究结果显示,利用海水培养的螺旋藻能显著提高C-藻蓝蛋白的富硒能力和含硒C-藻蓝蛋白清除超氧阴离子的活性.此研究对开发具有抗氧化功能的含硒C-藻蓝蛋白显示出独特的技术优势和较大的应用潜力. 相似文献
3.
为高质化利用南美白对虾加工副产物蛋白资源，本研究以南美白对虾加工副产物虾头虾壳为原料，蛋白水解度为考察指标，采用单因素和响应面试验优化酶解工艺。检测虾蛋白肽分子量的分布范围，评价其抗氧化能力及免疫调节作用。结果表明，碱性蛋白酶与虾头内源酶自溶酶解具有较好的协同作用，最佳酶解工艺参数值为：酶添加量4%、酶解时间6.5 h、酶解温度40 ℃、料液比1∶5。经蛋白层析仪检测，分子质量分布在75~1 355 Da的蛋白肽占比达到76.35%。虾蛋白肽的羟自由基清除率IC50为4.64 mg/mL、DPPH自由基清除率IC50为3.08 mg/mL，提示其具有一定的抗氧化能力。虾蛋白肽中剂量组（10 mg/kg）能显著促进淋巴细胞增殖，并提高免疫低下模型小鼠的免疫器官指数和吞噬指数，表明虾蛋白肽具有显著的免疫调节作用。 相似文献
4.
通过羟自由基清除作用、超氧自由基清除作用、还原能力和金属螯合能力等抗氧化活性实验，测定了白色霞水母蛋白的抗氧化活性。实验结果表明：白色霞水母蛋白具有较高的清除羟自由基的能力，蛋白质量浓度为41μg／mL时，清除率可达到85％；白色霞水母蛋白对超氧阴离子的清除作用较弱，蛋白质量浓度为77．7μg／mL时，清除率〈50％；白色霞水母蛋白有较强的还原能力，但没有螯合能力；白色霞水母蛋白的抗氧化活性受温度影响不大，且巯基含量不是影响抗氧化活性的主要因素。 相似文献
5.
泡叶藻及海带藻渣中岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的提取及其抗氧化活性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用超声波辅助提取方法提取泡叶藻(Ascophyllum mackaii)及海带(Laminaria japonica)藻渣中岩藻聚糖硫酸酯, 以均匀试验设计建立回归模型优化高效制备提取工艺。采用高效凝胶过滤色谱法(HPGPC)进行了相对分子质量检测及理化性质分析; 利用Fenton 反应检测法、邻苯三酚自氧化法等进行了抗氧化活性研究。结果表明, 优化的高效制备技术的超声波最佳条件为超声70 min, 温度为90℃,水提时间2 h, 料液比1︰ 80, 泡叶藻及海带藻渣中岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的高效提取率分别为4.49%和3.69%,分子质量分别为142 kDa 和136 kDa, 泡叶藻和海带藻渣中的岩藻聚糖硫酸酯均具有较好的清除超氧阴离子自由基、羟自由基能力及还原能力。海带的抗氧化活性总体略高于泡叶藻。 相似文献
6.
从海洋生物中寻找高效、低毒副作用的抗肿瘤药物是近年天然药物研究的新领域。随着海洋生物药学研究的不断深入,发现许多海洋生物的活性物质源于其食物。因此对于海洋生物食物链基层藻类的生物活性物质研究,更具有实际的意义。藻蓝蛋白(C-phycocyanin,C-PC)是存在于一些藻体中的光合色素蛋白,具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗氧化等多种生物学功能,有重要的开发利用价值。国内外关于藻蓝蛋白的抗肿瘤作用及其机制的研究已有报道,而酶解后的藻蓝蛋白多肽抗肿瘤效应研究国内外报道很少。随着酶工程技术的发展和应用,利用蛋白酶水解藻蓝蛋白获取生物活性肽更具研究开发潜力,围绕藻蓝蛋白及其酶解产物的抗肿瘤活性及机制进行了综述。 相似文献
7.
采用木瓜蛋白酶水解金乌贼(Sepia esculenta)蛋白, 利用超滤、凝胶色谱和反相高效液相色谱从金乌贼蛋白水解物中制备抗氧化肽, 采用氨基酸序列分析仪和质谱(ESI-MS)确定抗氧化肽结构, 采用自由基清除实验和脂质过氧化抑制实验对多肽抗氧化能力进行评价。结果表明, 金乌贼蛋白经木瓜蛋白酶水解和分离纯化得到1个抗氧化肽(AEH-P3), 经氨基酸序列分析和质谱(ESI-MS)确定其结构为Ala-Pro-Pro-Glu-Asn-Gly-Met-Ala-Gln-Met (APPENGMAQM), 分子量为1045.22Da。体外抗氧化实验结果表明: AEH-P3对DPPH自由基(EC50 4.01mg/mL)、羟自由基(EC50 4.66mg/mL)、ABTS自由基(EC50 3.44mg/mL)和超氧阴离子自由基(EC50 6.03mg/mL)具有良好的清除作用, Ala-Pro-Pro-Glu-Asn-Gly-Met-Ala-Gln-Met (APPENGMAQM)亦显示出了良好的脂质过氧化抑制作用, 可以用于抗氧化相关的功能食品、药物或者食品添加剂。 相似文献
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9.
以蓝圆(Decapterus maruadsi)鱼肉蛋白为原料,选用6种蛋白酶在各自适宜的条件下酶解制备鲹降血压肽,通过检测酶解产物对血管紧张素转化酶(ACE)的体外抑制活性,筛选出木瓜蛋白酶为制备蓝圆降血压肽的最佳用酶。考察了不同水解度的酶解产物对ACE抑制效果,当水解度为13.7%时,产物对ACE的最高抑制活性可达67.4％。在此基础上,分别了考察酶解时间、初始酶用量、初始底物浓度、酶解温度和 pH 值对酶解工艺的影响,鲹得到制备蓝圆降血压肽的适宜酶解工艺为：初始酶用量鲹为7000 U/g,初始底物浓度为25 g/L,酶解温度为45℃, pH为7.0,酶解240 min。采用超滤技术对酶解产物活性组分进行分离富集,发现产物中高活性部分均可富集于10 kDa和5kDa渗透液中,且高活性组分分子量主要集中在5 kDa以下,该组分对ACE的活性抑制率为88.47%。 相似文献
10.
盐藻多糖提取工艺的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
探讨盐藻D.peircei多糖的提取工艺.采用正交实验确定了提取盐藻粗多糖的最佳工艺条件,通过酶解方法脱除其蛋白.实验结果表明,提取盐藻粗多糖的最佳工艺条件为100℃,提取10h,固液比1∶16,pH=9,通过中性蛋白酶对其酶解,可脱除其部分蛋白,使糖含量达到29.01%,初步确定此多糖为含有硫酸基和己糖醛酸的蛋白多糖. 相似文献
11.
Arne Schnack-Friedrichsen Angela M. Davis Jim D. Bennell Dei G. Huws 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2001,19(4):221-243
The interdependence between the seismo-acoustic properties of a marine sediment and its geotechnical/physical parameters has been known for many years, and it has been postulated that this should allow the extraction of geotechnical information from seismic data. Though in the literature many correlations have been published for the surficial layer, there is a lack of information for greater sediment depths. In this article, a desktop study on a synthetic seafloor model illustrates how the application of published near-surface prediction equations to subsurface sediments (up to several tens of meters burial depth) can lead to spurious predictions. To test this further, acoustic and geotechnical properties were measured on a number of sediment core samples, some of which were subjected to loading in acoustically-equipped consolidation cells (oedometers) to simulate greater burial depth conditions. For low effective pressures (representing small burial depths extending to around 10 meters subsurface), the general applicability of established relationships was confirmed: the prediction of porosity, bulk density, and mean grain size from acoustic velocity and impedance appears generally possible for the investigated sedimentary environments. As effective pressure increases through, the observed relationships deviate more and more from the established ones for the near-surface area. For the samples tested in this study, in some instances increasing pressure even resulted in decreasing velocities. There are several possible explanations for this abnormal behavior, including the presence of gas, overconsolidation, or bimodal grain size distribution. The results indicate that an appropriate depth correction must be introduced into the published prediction equations in order to obtain reliable estimates of physical sediment properties for greater subsurface depths. 相似文献
12.
Shigehisa Nakamura 《Marine Geodesy》2000,23(1):55-61
Specific properties of the interannual sea level variations and annual tides in the Northwestern Pacific were studied. Several tide stations were monitored. The monthly mean sea level for the year of 1995 was analyzed at each tide station. A seismic event in 1995, some tectonic activity around the subject area, and the Kuroshio (the oceanic western boundary current) may possibly contaminate results which would have occurred from the astronomical annual tide alone. 相似文献
13.
The effect of different fixation and storage protocols on the flow cytometric (FCM) simultaneous analysis of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton in coastal seawater samples (Mediterranean coastal lagoons) was investigated. FCM measurements (cell number, fluorescence and scatter characteristics) were obtained through DAPI staining. Three fixatives [glutaraldehyde (GA), formaldehyde (FA) and paraformaldehyde (PFA)] and two storage (3 months duration) methods (5 °C and −196 °C) were tested. Two dominant populations were detected in studied samples: bacteria and eukaryotic picophytoplankton. Adding fixatives (2% final concentration) appears necessary to obtain FCM exhaustive counts of all the bacteria and phytoplanktonic cells. This was related to the permeation effect of fixatives which allowed a better DAPI staining of the cells. Maximum fluorescence, i.e. optimal staining of the cells was obtained with FA or PFA, and significant lower fluorescences with GA. Fixed samples stored at 5 °C induced rapid cell loss. Only storage in liquid nitrogen of samples fixed with FA or PFA, allows mid-term (≥4 months) preservation of bacteria or picophytoplankton cell numbers, and limited evolution of DAPI-induced fluorescence and scatter characteristics. 相似文献
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《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,(9):F0003-F0003
<正>Acta Oceanologica Sinica(AOS)is a comprehensive academic journal edited by the Editorial Committee of Acta Oceanologica Sinica and is designed to provide a forum for important research papers of the marine scientific community which reflect the information on a worldwide basis.The journal publishes scholarly papers on marine science and technology,including physics,chemistry,biology, 相似文献
16.
The relationship between the flux of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests (i.e. tests which are supplied from open-sea sources alone) in a tidal inlet and that of bulk sediment was analysed, which can be expressed as two first-order linear equations. According to this relationship, in order to determine net sediment transport directions in the entrance, the test concentration in surficial sediments of the tidal basin can be compared against a ‘ critical level ’. The critical level is determined for the conditions that no net transport of bulk sediment is present within the entrance. If the observed concentration (averaged over the tidal basin) is higher than the simulated critical level, then the net sediment transport is directed to landward. This method is applied to the analysis of net sand transport at Christchurch Harbour, a tidal inlet system located in southern England. In this investigation, concentrations of exotic foraminiferal tests in the surficial sediments of the tidal basin and ebb tidal delta area were obtained from the analysis of sea-bed sediment samples. A series of probable critical levels were calculated based upon the data sets with regard to: (1) sediment discharge from the rivers; (2) magnitude of sediment discharge within the entrance during the ebb; (3) the test concentration outside the harbour; (4) the thickness of the moving layer; and (5) two parameters associated with dispersive processes. The results show that the concentration in the tidal basin sediment is higher than a number of simulated critical concentrations for representative cases. Consequently, the high level of the concentration of exotic benthic foraminiferal tests within the harbour should be explained as a result of landward net transport of sands within the entrance. 相似文献
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Rahul Sharma 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2000,18(3):237-250
Observations on seafloor features from subbottom profiling and seabed photography data show that the undisturbed and natural conditions before the benthic disturbance undergo a substantial change after operation of the disturber. The effects can be seen in the form of deep trenches and grooves, formed by the action of the sleds and the pumping of the sediment along its path, as well as sediment piles on either side of the track. Biological traces such as fecal coils, casts, tubes, burrows, and trails get obliterated in the areas of disturbance and resedimentation. The smooth, uniform nature of the seafloor observed in predisturbance phase shows microtopographic changes in and around the disturbed area as a result of sediment excavation and resettlement. Vertical mixing as well as lateral transport of sediment alter the geological, biological, physical, and chemical conditions on the seafloor, which need to be monitored over time to assess the process and the time taken for restoration of environmental conditions. 相似文献
19.
Vance P. Vicente 《Marine Ecology》1989,10(2):179-191
Abstract. Long-term changes in the distributional patterns of commercial sponges ( Spongia spp. and Hippospongia spp.) within the West Indian Region indicates that: 1) commercial sponges had a widespread distribution throughout the whole West Indian Region and were ubiquitous in very shallow water until about the first half of the present century; 2) they were fished commercially not only in the traditional northern Caribbean sites (Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Bahamas) but also in the Greater ( e. g. , Hispaniola, Jamaica) and Lesser Antilles; and 3) they became extinct throughout most of the Lesser Antilles ( e. g. , Puerto Rico, Vieques, St. Thomas) sometime during the first half of this century. Mortalities of spongiids within the Antilles were found to differ from other marine mortalities in that: 1) species disappeared from a large region; 2) species vanished from different habitats and depths; and 3) natural populations never recovered. Species richness patterns suggest that commercial sponge genera ( Spongia and Hippospongia ) evolved under slightly cooler elimatic conditions than those found at present, and that these extinctions occurred as a direct or indirect effect of positive thermal anomalies in sea surface and atmospheric temperatures between 1900–1950. The concept that species diversity is stable on a regional scale is questioned. 相似文献
20.
The behaviour of an axially pre-loaded cylindrical member of an offshore structure, hit by a supply ship, has been investigated. The effects of axial pre-loading on the dynamic properties of members, the extent of damage and propagation of dynamic instability in the tubular members have also been investigated. Numerical models have been validated using available experimental data from the literature although these are mostly static with no pre-loading. Axial pre-loading was found to change the dynamic characteristics of some cylindrical members quite dramatically while it had no significant effect on others. The study examined whether there was any change in the behaviour between local and global modes when the loading was dynamic rather than static. The effect of damping on the dynamic instability of axially pre-loaded tubes under lateral dynamic loads was also studied. It was observed that for some geometries the quasi-static response can be used to define the boundary between bounded and unbounded dynamic responses. The main contribution of this study, compared with previous investigations reported in the literature, is that both pre-loading and dynamic effects have been included. 相似文献