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1.
本文对云南墨江县扭只二长花岗斑岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学分析。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年显示扭只二长花岗斑岩年龄为(263.5±1.7)Ma,形成于晚二叠世。岩石地球化学分析显示:扭只二长花岗斑岩Si O2含量为55.30%~74.37%,全碱(Na2O+K2O)含量2.56%~7.57%,且Na2OK2O;岩石富集轻稀土,负铕异常明显(δEu:0.74~1.06),相对富集Sc、Co、Cs、As等元素,亏损Cr、Ni、Zn、Rb、Sr、Ba、Zr、Ta、Th、U、W等元素。根据图解显示扭只二长花岗斑岩形成于岛弧向陆陆碰撞或者陆弧碰撞的构造环境,表明哀牢山构造带的古特提斯支洋或弧后盆地在晚二叠世((263.5±1.7)Ma)可能已经闭合。 相似文献
2.
新疆西准噶尔朱鲁木特A型花岗岩年代学、地球化学及岩石成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
西准噶尔乃至整个北疆地区广泛发育晚古生代后碰撞花岗岩类。朱鲁木特岩体作为一个典型的代表,岩石类型主要为碱长花岗斑岩,是认识西准噶尔北部花岗岩岩石成因及构造—岩浆演化的关键。本文对朱鲁木特岩体进行高精度锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测年,获得碱长花岗斑岩的加权平均~(206)Pb/~(238)U年龄为(299±1)Ma(n=11,MSWD=0.96),其形成于早二叠世。岩石地球化学研究表明,碱长花岗斑岩具有高硅(69.68%～74.38%),富碱(Na_2O+K_2O:8.94%～9.21%),低钛(Ti O_2:0.21%～0.42%),贫钙(0.34%～1.24%)的特征,均属弱过铝质(A/CNK:1.02～1.10)及高钾钙碱性—钾玄岩系列。岩石富集Rb、Th、K等大离子亲石元素及高场强元素(Zr、Hf),而强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti等,稀土配分曲线呈右倾"V"字型,属典型的铝质A型花岗岩。依据微量元素比值及相关判别图,朱鲁木特碱长花岗斑岩在成因类型上属于A2型,形成于后碰撞的张性环境中,软流圈上涌使年轻的地幔来源物质组成的下地壳发生部分熔融。 相似文献
3.
《地质通报》2017,(Z1)
对云南绿春县仰宗流纹斑岩进行了锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石地球化学分析。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年显示,仰宗流纹斑岩年龄为263.1±2.3Ma,形成于晚二叠世。岩石地球化学分析显示,仰宗流纹斑岩SiO_2含量为71.08%~80.26%,全碱(Na_2O+K_2O)含量为4.67%~8.67%,且Na_2OK_2O;岩石轻、重稀土元素存在一定的分馏,负Eu异常明显(δEu=0.05~0.57),相对富集Rb、Th、U、Ni、Cs、Zr、Hf、As、K等元素,亏损Sr、Ta、Ba、Cr、Zn、W等元素。结果显示,仰宗流纹斑岩形成于碰撞期后的陆内构造环境,表明哀牢山构造带的古特提斯支洋或弧后盆地在晚二叠世(263.1±2.3Ma)可能已经闭合。 相似文献
4.
本文以松潘—甘孜造山带东南段香卡日瓦岩体和珍秦岩体为研究对象,开展了岩石学、岩石地球化学、锆石U Pb年代学及Lu—Hf同位素研究,探讨了岩石成因和构造意义。结果表明：香卡日瓦岩体和珍秦岩体岩性分别为黑云母花岗闪长岩和黑云母花岗闪长斑岩,岩石SiO2含量为65. 45%~70. 04%、Al2O3含量为15. 30%~16. 69%、K2O/Na2O为1. 10~1. 56,属高钾钙碱性系列岩石;铝饱和指数A/CNK介于1. 04~1. 11之间,显示弱过铝质特征。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图上表现出相似的曲线特征,总体表现为轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损、Eu负异常的“V”型右倾特征。岩石明显富集Cs、Rb、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素。两个岩体的锆石n(206Pb)/ n(238U)加权平均年龄在217. 9~216. 3 Ma之间,指示为晚三叠世岩浆作用的产物;锆石Hf同位素初始值n(176Hf)/ n(177Hf)为0. 282453~0. 282543,εHf(t)值为-6. 84~-3. 50,相应的二阶段模式年龄(TDM2)为1. 48~1. 69 Ga,暗示源区可能为古老地壳。综合岩体地球化学特征及区域相关研究,认为香卡日瓦岩体和珍秦岩体形成于晚三叠世后碰撞构造环境。 相似文献
5.
对锡铁山北东侧的花岗斑岩体进行锆石U—Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及Hf同位素研究。通过LA—ICP—MS锆石U—Pb同位素测年,获得花岗斑岩的成岩年龄为373. 9±2. 2 Ma (MSWD=0. 069),属于晚泥盆世岩浆活动的产物。岩石地球化学特征显示岩石富硅(SiO_2=76. 33%～76. 99%)和碱(K_2O+Na_2O=7. 28%～8. 19%),低钙(CaO=0. 58%～0. 75%)、镁(MgO=0. 20%～0. 31%)和Mg~#值(Mg~#=23. 29～30. 17),A/CNK介于0. 97～0. 98,属于准铝质钙碱性岩石系列。岩石相对富集Rb、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素及Ba、Sr等部分大离子亲石元素。稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾型,轻稀土元素分馏明显,重稀土元素分馏较弱,且相对富集轻稀土元素,亏损重稀土元素,显示明显的负Eu异常(δEu=0. 36～0. 43)。锆石Hf同位素ε_(Hf)(t)比值为+6. 6～+9. 6,二阶段模式年龄T_(DM2)为760～950 Ma。综合岩石地球化学及同位素的研究表明,锡铁山花岗斑岩为高分异的I型花岗岩,岩浆源区主要为起源亏损地幔的新元古代新生地壳物质的部分熔融。结合区域构造背景和前人研究成果,认为本文锡铁山花岗斑岩形成于柴达木地块与祁连地块碰撞后伸展的大地构造环境。 相似文献
6.
笔者等以松潘—甘孜造山带东南段香卡日瓦岩体和珍秦岩体为研究对象,开展了岩石学、岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Lu—Hf同位素研究,探讨了岩石成因和构造意义。结果表明：香卡日瓦岩体和珍秦岩体岩性分别为黑云母花岗闪长岩和黑云母花岗闪长斑岩,岩石SiO2含量为65.45%～70.04%、Al2O3含量为15.30%～16.69%、K2O/Na2O为1.10～1.56,属高钾钙碱性系列岩石;铝饱和指数A/CNK介于1.04～1.11之间,显示弱过铝质特征。稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图上表现出相似的曲线特征,总体表现为轻稀土富集、重稀土亏损、Eu负异常的“V”型右倾特征。岩石明显富集Cs、Rb、Ba、Th、U等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Ti、P等高场强元素。两个岩体的锆石n(206Pb)/n(238U)加权平均年龄在217.9～216.3 Ma之间,指示为晚三叠世岩浆作用的产物;锆石Hf同位素初始值n(176... 相似文献
7.
本文对华北克拉通北缘中段赤峰撰山子矿区二长闪长岩、花岗(斑)岩等进行了岩相学、地球化学、锆石U-Pb定年以及Hf同位素研究,以期对古亚洲洋演化形成制约。锆石U-Pb定年显示,二长闪长岩和花岗岩形成于早石炭世(341.0±2.2Ma、324.1±4.3Ma),花岗斑岩形成于晚二叠世(252.8±3.2Ma、252.0±1.5Ma)。岩石地球化学及Hf同位素表明,二长闪长岩为高钾钙碱性I型花岗岩,形成于火山弧环境,其源区可能是俯冲板片脱水交代的地幔楔部分熔融产生玄武质岩浆上涌,导致新生地壳物质的部分熔融,并有部分玄武质岩浆加入形成的产物;花岗岩及花岗斑岩均为高钾钙碱性A型花岗岩,花岗岩形成于火山弧环境,花岗斑岩形成于造山后伸展环境,二者皆为新生地壳部分熔融的产物。综合前人研究认为,早石炭世-晚二叠世,研究区经历了古亚洲洋俯冲、弧-陆碰撞以及造山后伸展等阶段。 相似文献
8.
东昆仑地区基性-超基性岩石的研究较薄弱,缺乏对东昆仑幔源岩浆活动及岩浆演化的整体认识。对阿克楚克塞辉长岩进行了地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Hf同位素研究,结果显示,该岩石形成于晚三叠世早期(219.3±1.1Ma,MSWD=0.80);岩石SiO2含量为49.03%~57.26%,Mg#值为49~57,属于钙碱性系列岩石;稀土元素配分曲线为轻稀土元素富集的右倾型,富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K,相对亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti;εHf(t)=-1.81~3.25,锆石Hf模式年龄大于锆石结晶年龄。地球化学特征显示,阿克楚克塞辉长岩岩浆源区应为受俯冲板片流体交代的岩石圈地幔。结合区域构造背景分析,阿克楚克塞辉长岩形成于印支期造山后伸展的构造环境,继承了早期板片俯冲改造的地幔源区特征。 相似文献
9.
对湘东北井冲钴铜矿区连云山细粒二云母二长花岗岩和中细粒黑云母花岗闪长岩进行了锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学和Hf同位素分析研究。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,花岗岩的成岩年龄为149. 4±1. 1Ma。岩石属强过铝质高钾钙碱性-钙碱性系列,富集Th、U、Pb等元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Ti等元素,稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式为右倾型,Eu表现为强烈到弱亏损。岩石中燕山期锆石176Hf/177Hf值为0. 282 314～0. 282 461,εHf(t)值为-13. 0～-7. 8,Hf同位素二阶段模式年龄在2 018～1 690 Ma之间。综合分析结果显示,岩石来源于下地壳岩石部分熔融。 相似文献
10.
蒙亚啊铅锌矿床位于冈底斯铅锌成矿带东段,矿区发育大量的花岗斑岩体.本文通过LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学、主量元素、微量元素地球化学和锆石Hf同位素组成探讨了花岗斑岩体侵位时序、岩石成因、成岩物质源区及其与成矿之间的关系.锆石U-Pb年代学测试结果表明,花岗斑岩体侵位时代为13.18～13.57 Ma,系中新世岩浆作用的产物.花岗斑岩富硅,富碱,A/CNK为1.04～1.15;稀土元素呈轻稀土富集的配分模式,发育明显的Eu负异常;微量元素中富集Rb、Th、U、K、Pb等大离子亲石元素,而Ba、Sr及高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ce、P、Zr、Ti则有不同程度的亏损.主量、微量元素综合研究结果显示花岗斑岩为高分异的S型花岗岩.花岗斑岩εHf(t)值为-9.0～1.6之间,平均值为-2.0;两阶段模式年龄为996～1673Ma,平均值为1225Ma.花岗斑岩亏损高场强元素及锆石Hf同位素组成特征指示岩浆物质源区为念青唐古拉群结晶基底. 相似文献
11.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
12.
奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
13.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
14.
Most sulfide-rich magmatic Ni-Cu-(PGE) deposits form in dynamic magmatic systems by partial melting S-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren to weakly-mineralized immiscible Fe sulfide xenomelts into which Ni-Cu-Co-PGE partition from the magma. Some exceptionally-thick magmatic Cr deposits may form by partial melting oxide-bearing wall rocks with variable degrees of assimilation of the miscible silicate and volatile components, and generation of barren Fe ± Ti oxide xenocrysts into which Cr-Mg-V ± Ti partition from the magma. The products of these processes are variably preserved as skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles, which play important to critical roles in ore genesis, transport, localization, and/or modification. Incorporation of barren xenoliths/autoliths may induce small amounts of sulfide/chromite to segregate, but incorporation of sulfide xenomelts or oxide xenocrysts with dynamic upgrading of metal tenors (PGE > Cu > Ni > Co and Cr > V > Ti, respectively) is required to make significant ore deposits. Silicate xenomelts are only rarely preserved, but will be variably depleted in chalcophile and ferrous metals. Less dense felsic xenoliths may aid upward sulfide transport by increasing the effective viscosity and decreasing the bulk density of the magma. Denser mafic or metamorphosed xenoliths may also increase the effective viscosity of the magma, but may aid downward sulfide transport by increasing the bulk density of the magma. Sulfide wets olivine, so olivine xenocrysts may act as filter beds to collect advected finely dispersed sulfide droplets, but other silicates and xenoliths may not be wetted by sulfides. Xenovolatiles may retard settling of – or in some cases float – dense sulfide droplets. Reactions of sulfide melts with felsic country rocks may generate Fe-rich skarns that may allow sulfide melts to fractionate to more extreme Cu-Ni-rich compositions. Xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and xenovolatiles are more likely to be preserved in cooler basaltic magmas than in hotter komatiitic magmas, and are more likely to be preserved in less dynamic (less turbulent) systems/domain/phases than in more dynamic (more turbulent) systems/domains/phases. Massive to semi-massive Ni-Cu-PGE and Cr mineralization and xenoliths are often localized within footwall embayments, dilations/jogs in dikes, throats of magma conduits, and the horizontal segments of dike-chonolith and dike-sill complexes, which represent fluid dynamic traps for both ascending and descending sulfides/oxides. If skarns, residues, xenoliths, xenocrysts, xenomelts, and/or xenovolatiles are present, they provide important constraints on ore genesis and they are valuable exploration indicators, but they must be included in elemental and isotopic mass balance calculations. 相似文献
15.
《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
16.
Mercury,arsenic, antimony,and selenium contents of sediment from the Kuskokwim River,Bethel, Alaska,USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Kuskokwim River at Bethel, Alaska, drains a major mercury-antimony metallogenic province in its upper reaches and tributaries. Bethel (population 4000) is situated on the Kuskokwim floodplain and also draws its water supply from wells located in river-deposited sediment. A boring through overbank and floodplain sediment has provided material to establish a baseline datum for sediment-hosted heavy metals. Mercury (total), arsenic, antimony, and selenium contents were determined; aluminum was also determined and used as normalizing factor. The contents of the heavy metals were relatively constant with depth and do not reflect any potential enrichment from upstream contaminant sources. 相似文献
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《Chemical Geology》2007,236(1-2):13-26
We examined the coprecipitation behavior of Ti, Mo, Sn and Sb in Ca–Al–Mg fluorides under two different fluoride forming conditions: at < 70 °C in an ultrasonic bath (denoted as the ultrasonic method) and at 245 °C using a Teflon bomb (denoted as the bomb method). In the ultrasonic method, small amounts of Ti, Mo and Sn coprecipitation were observed with 100% Ca and 100% Mg fluorides. No coprecipitation of Ti, Mo, Sn and Sb in Ca–Al–Mg fluorides occurred when the sample was decomposed by the bomb method except for 100% Ca fluoride. Based on our coprecipitation observations, we have developed a simultaneous determination method for B, Ti, Zr, Nb, Mo, Sn, Sb, Hf and Ta by Q-pole type ICP-MS (ICP-QMS) and sector field type ICP-MS (ICP-SFMS). 9–50 mg of samples with Zr–Mo–Sn–Sb–Hf spikes were decomposed by HF using the bomb method and the ultrasonic method with B spike. The sample was then evaporated and re-dissolved into 0.5 mol l− 1 HF, followed by the removal of fluorides by centrifuging. B, Zr, Mo, Sn, Sb and Hf were measured by ID method. Nb and Ta were measured by the ID-internal standardization method, based on Nb/Mo and Ta/Mo ratios using ICP-QMS, for which pseudo-FI was developed and applied. When 100% recovery yields of Zr and Hf are expected, Nb/Zr and Ta/Hf ratios may also be used. Ti was determined by the ID-internal standardization method, based on the Ti/Nb ratio from ICP-SFMS. Only 0.053 ml sample solution was required for measurement of all 9 elements. Dilution factors of ≤ 340 were aspirated without matrix effects. To demonstrate the applicability of our method, 4 carbonaceous chondrites (Ivuna, Orgueil, Cold Bokkeveld and Allende) as well as GSJ and USGS silicate reference materials of basalts, andesites and peridotites were analyzed. Our analytical results are consistent with previous studies, and the mean reproducibility of each element is 1.0–4.6% for basalts and andesites, and 6.7–11% for peridotites except for TiO2. 相似文献
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S. M. Moosavirad J. Rasouli M. R. Janardhana M. R. Moghadam M. Shankara 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(10):3623-3634
This paper discusses the result of the detailed investigations carried out on the coal characteristics, including coal petrography and its geochemistry of the Pabedana region. A total of 16 samples were collected from four coal seams d2, d4, d5, and d6 of the Pabedana underground mine which is located in the central part of the Central-East Iranian Microcontinent. These samples were reduced to four samples through composite sampling of each seam and were analyzed for their petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical compositions. Proximate analysis data of the Pabedana coals indicate no major variations in the moisture, ash, volatile matter, and fixed carbon contents in the coals of different seams. Based on sulfur content, the Pabedana coals may be classified as low-sulfur coals. The low-sulfur contents in the Pabedana coal and relatively low proportion of pyritic sulfur suggest a possible fresh water environment during the deposition of the peat of the Pabedana coal. X-ray diffraction and petrographic analyses indicate the presence of pyrite in coal samples. The Pabedana coals have been classified as a high volatile, bituminous coal in accordance with the vitrinite reflectance values (58.75–74.32 %) and other rank parameters (carbon, calorific value, and volatile matter content). The maceral analysis and reflectance study suggest that the coals in all the four seams are of good quality with low maceral matter association. Mineralogical investigations indicate that the inorganic fraction in the Pabedana coal samples is dominated by carbonates; thus, constituting the major inorganic fraction of the coal samples. Illite, kaolinite, muscovite, quartz, feldspar, apatite, and hematite occur as minor or trace phases. The variation in major elements content is relatively narrow between different coal seams. Elements Sc,, Zr, Ga, Ge, La, As, W, Ce, Sb, Nb, Th, Pb, Se, Tl, Bi, Hg, Re, Li, Zn, Mo, and Ba show varying negative correlation with ash yield. These elements possibly have an organic affinity and may be present as primary biological concentrations either with tissues in living condition and/or through sorption and formation of organometallic compounds. 相似文献