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1.
对极低频电磁波技术的理论进行讨论,首先根据研究对象和问题建立地质模型和相应的数学模型,然后根据电磁场理论选择了相适宜的计算方法,推导出水平长直导线接地源电离层、空气层和层状大地相互耦合频域电磁场响应的一般表达式。这些表达式将电磁响应和电离层的电导率等参数有机联系在一起,为极低频电磁波技术的正演计算以及极低频电磁波技术在资源探测应用中的可行性分析奠定基础。对理论地电模型的计算表明,由于电离层的存在使得电磁波在地面与电离层之间来回多次反射,从而改变了电磁响应曲线的形态。 相似文献
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电离层影响下均匀半空间水平谐变电偶极子的电磁响应计算 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
空气介质和电离层是电导率不同的分层媒质,当研究由空气层中电流或磁矩激发的电磁场时,地面接收到的电磁波不仅受到空气介质、地下介质的影响,而且还受到电离层的影响。首先,推导出了电磁场一般边值问题,然后,将电离层、空气及地壳视为均匀、线性、各向同性的三层媒质,考虑地壳、空气、电离层的相互耦合,利用分离变量法推导求得了位于地壳表面水平谐变电偶极子的电磁响应表达式,通过这些表达式能够方便地求出电离层影响下均匀半空间空气层中的电磁场场值,同时,为后续的数值计算奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
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可控源音频大地电磁法(CSAMT)是以有限长接地导线为发射源,在距发射源中心一定距离处同时观测电场、磁场参数的一种电磁探测方法。这里以CSMAT法在某地区铁矿勘探中的应用为实例,说明该法在铁矿勘探中是有效可行的,并就CSMAT方法在勘探过程中遇到的若干问题进行了探讨,并提出了相关建议。 相似文献
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本文分析了导线对可控源音频大地电磁勘探中电场的影响。在分析过程中,将有限长直接地导线源在层状介质中激发的电场的x分量分解为接地电极贡献的传到部分和通电长导线形成的感应部分,分别计算出在均匀半空间条件下,两部分及总电场随频率和收发距的变化规律。通过对计算结果的分析可见：在小收发距时,电场实部在低频区完全由接地电极部分贡献,在高频区由通电导线部分决定;电场虚部在低频区完全由通电导线部分决定,在高频区由接地电极部分和通电导线部分共同决定,且数值近似相等。在大收发距时,电场实部在低频区完全是由接地电极部分贡献,在高频区由接地电极部分和通电导线部分共同决定,且数值近似相等;电场虚部在低频区由通电导线贡献,在高频区由接地电极部分和通电导线部分共同决定,且数值近似相等。从上述分析可以看出,作为大收发距电磁法代表的可控源音频大地电磁法,其观测数据是由接地两端的传导分量和通电导线感应分量组成,并且感应分量贡献与传导贡献相当。由于导线敷设的非直线形,而引发与直导线理论不一致的结果。因此在数据采集工作中,必须考虑导线形状。同时要注意选择合适的收发距和工作频率,尽量把通电导线的影响降到最低。 相似文献
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《物探与化探》2015,(4)
电性源短偏移距瞬变电磁法是目前的研究热点。针对地球物理勘查中经常遇到的薄层探测问题,以接地长导线源一维正演为基础,通过定义垂直磁场的相对异常,分析对比了电性源瞬变电磁法对不同电阻率、不同厚度、不同埋深的薄层的探测能力,并讨论了不同偏移距对探测灵敏度的影响。最后将电性源瞬变电磁法与回线源瞬变电磁法以及可控源音频大地电磁法进行对比,探讨不同电磁法装置对薄层的探测能力。结果显示,薄层电阻率越低、厚度越大、埋深越浅、观测偏移距越小越有利于电性源对薄层的探测;时间域电磁法对低阻薄层探测能力优于频率域电磁法,当偏移距较小时,电性源瞬变电磁对薄层的探测能力和回线源相当。 相似文献
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采用Fourier变换法从Maxwell方程组出发,导出了层状大地模型上接地长导线源激发的电磁场表达式。结果表明：接地长导线源实际上是2个接地电极和线电流源构成的一个组合源;其电磁场表达式表明平行于长导线方向的电场分量为2个接地电极激发的平行于长导线方向的电场分量和线电流激发的电场的叠加,垂直于长导线方向的电场分量和电场的垂直分量均是2个接地电极激发的;平行于长导线方向的磁场分量由2个接地电极所激发,而垂直于长导线方向的磁场分量为2个接地电极激发的垂直于长导线方向的磁场分量和线电流激发的磁场的叠加,磁场的垂直分量为线电流源所激发。进一步的结果分析表明,在均匀半空间上、大收发距时,2个接地电极激发的平行于长导线方向的电场分量和线电流激发的电场分量是相等的,2个接地电极激发的垂直于长导线方向的磁场分量和线电流激发的磁场分量是相等的,且它们的振幅与2个电极之间的距离成正比。 相似文献
7.
电偶源是研究电磁法探测原理中常被使用的一种主动源。在实际工作中,常采用供电导线向大地发射电流,当发射端与接收点距离远大于供电导线两极长度时,才可将供电导线看作是电偶极子。但在很多情况下并不满足此条件,使基于电偶极子的场计算公式不再适用,因此正反演中需要先将长导线源切分成若干个电偶极子,然后对各偶极子的场响应进行叠加。对此,这里研究并实现了将长导线源切分成多个电偶极子的算法,以二分法为原理的递归切分算法切分出的电偶极子数目相对较多;以穷举法为原理的切分算法在穷举步长较小(如0.1m)时能较准确地切分出电偶极子的位置。两种算法都可应用于长导线源正反演场的计算。 相似文献
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《物探与化探》2015,(4)
分析了水平电偶极子源均匀半空间电磁场表达式特征,进而推广到双极源电磁场。基于双极源一维模拟结果,研究了可控源音频大地电磁法探测深度与频率、电距、收发距、覆盖层电阻率的关系。结果表明:在保证一定信噪比的前提下,决定可控源音频大地电磁法最大探测深度的是收发距和电阻率综合作用下进入过渡区及近区场时对应的频率,并不是简单的频率越小,探测深度越大。进入近区场,可控源音频大地电磁法不再具有测深能力。最后统计得到电磁场由远区进入过渡区时的|kr|值约为4.789,由过渡区进入近区时的|kr|值约为0.106,进而得到卡尼亚视电阻率的最大探测深度约为0.3倍的收发距,全区视电阻率的最大探测深度为3.7倍的收发距。在某多金属矿上的勘探实例印证了上述认识。 相似文献
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《物探化探计算技术》2020,(2)
在野外观测的频率域电磁法的电磁场响应,不仅包含电磁感应响应也含有激发极化(IP)响应。为对IP效应引起的电磁场响应畸变进行分析,首先在纯电磁感应有限长导线源E_x、H_y、H_z电磁场响应表达式的基础上引入Cole-Cole模型,其次设置不同的地电模型,分别对含IP效应、纯电磁感应的有限长导线源频率域电磁法进行一维正演。通过理论模拟结果表明,加入IP效应后电磁场响应会产生畸变,随着极化层埋深的增加,响应畸变出现在更低的频率处,同时受IP效应的影响减弱。根据计算的最大相对异常值可知,水平电场E_x对极化层最为灵敏,而水平磁场H_y对深部极化层的反映能力最弱。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
17.
位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
18.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
19.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献