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1.
华北古陆块北缘退变榴辉岩的矿物化学与退变质作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
华北古陆块北缘退变榴辉岩呈透镜状产于角闪岩相变质的早元古宙红旗营子群黑云斜长片麻岩中，岩相学研究显示它经历了峰期榴辉岩相、减压过程中的高压麻粒岩相和角闪岩相变质作用。峰期榴辉岩相的矿物组合为石榴子石、绿辉石、金红石和石英等，变质条件为680～730℃和大于1．40～1．50GPa。在退变质早期，绿辉石分解形成钠质透辉石和斜长石(An=20．4～30．7)的蠕虫状后生合晶，榴辉岩转变成高压麻粒岩；晚期的退变质作用表现为高压麻粒岩相矿物组合转变成由钙质角闪石和斜长石(An=31．6～54.8)组成的角闪岩相矿物平衡共生组合。在结构上，主要表现为石榴子石颗粒边部的次变边、保留石榴子石假象的粒状后生合晶和保留辉石假象的蠕虫状后生合晶等，其变质温压条件为530～610℃和0．67～0．81GPa。 相似文献
2.
为探讨扬子克拉通古元古代变质作用特征及其形成的构造背景,对黄陵穹窿北部石榴斜长角闪岩开展了岩相学、地球化学和年代学研究。结果表明,石榴斜长角闪岩中主要矿物有石榴子石、斜长石、角闪石、单斜辉石、石英、钛铁矿等,其中保留有3个阶段的不同变质期次的矿物组合,进变质矿物组合为角闪石+斜长石+石英+钛铁矿,峰期矿物组合为石榴子石+角闪石+斜长石+单斜辉石+石英+钛铁矿,退变质矿物组合为石榴子石+角闪石+斜长石+石英+钛铁矿。石榴斜长角闪岩原岩为亚碱性玄武岩,属于拉斑系列,Mg#较低,表明其原岩经历了一定程度的分异作用。使用传统地质温压计计算不同变质阶段的温压条件分别为：进变质阶段,t=596～625℃,p=0.70～0.82 GPa;峰期变质阶段,t≈760℃,p≈1.35 GPa;退变质阶段,t=692～738℃,p=0.68～0.74 GPa,并建立了一条顺时针的p-t轨迹,显示出先升温升压至峰期阶段,随后发生近等温减压的过程。这一p-t轨迹体现了汇聚板块边缘俯冲-碰撞的构造背景,对石榴斜长角闪岩中的锆石进行U-Pb定年,获得了2 008±11 Ma的谐和年龄,并结合该... 相似文献
3.
俄罗斯白海活动带Uzkaya Salma地区榴辉岩中发现的绿纤石形成于榴辉岩化早期亚绿片岩相阶段。该绿纤石多以包体形式存在于退变榴辉岩的变斑晶石榴石矿物中,并与榍石、金红石、单斜辉石、绿泥石、绿帘石、石英等矿物伴生,极少量单颗粒绿纤石包裹在基质单斜辉石(透辉石)矿物中,呈浑圆状。绿纤石成分上属于铝绿纤石和铁绿纤石,其中以铝绿纤石为主。在详细的岩相学研究基础上,通过相平衡计算,结合矿物温压计计算结果,发现含绿纤石榴辉岩共经历了4阶段的变质演化:Ⅰ早期进变质阶段,以石榴石中的绿纤石+绿泥石+绿帘石+石英等矿物包裹体为特征,依据实验岩石学研究的矿物组合绿纤石+绿泥石+石英和铁绿纤石+绿帘石稳定域,估算该变质阶段温压条件t=160~320℃,p=0.2~0.8 GPa;Ⅱ峰期榴辉岩相阶段,矿物组合为石榴石+Di-Pl后成合晶推测的绿辉石+金红石±角闪石+石英,石榴石核部镁等值线和绿辉石硬玉分子等值线限定其峰期温压条件为t=725~740℃,p=1.4~1.5 GPa;Ⅲ高压麻粒岩相退变质阶段,矿物组合为石榴石+透辉石+角闪石+斜长石+石英,石榴石-单斜辉石温度计和后成合晶中斜长石钙等值线限定该阶段的温压条件t=725~750℃,p=1.1~1.3 GPa;Ⅳ晚期角闪岩相退变质阶段,矿物组合角闪石+斜长石±黑云母+石英,相平衡计算和角闪石-斜长石温度计限定温压条件为t=670~700℃,p=0.7~0.9 GPa。综上,确定了俄罗斯白海活动带Uzkaya Salma地区含绿纤石榴辉岩具有顺时针的p-T演化轨迹,峰期对应的地温梯度为15℃/km,俯冲进变质阶段经历了绿纤石-绿帘石相变质,由峰期榴辉岩相到退变质高压麻粒岩相具近等温降压的特征。研究表明,板块的"冷"俯冲作用在地球演化早期太古宙时期就可能出现了。 相似文献
4.
对钦杭结合带首次发现的加里东期榴闪岩进行了详细的年代学、矿物学和变质作用研究。结果表明,榴闪岩的变质时代为454±4Ma,经历了早期角闪岩相进变质、中期榴辉岩相峰期变质和晚期角闪岩相退变质三个阶段,具顺时针P-T-t轨迹。早期角闪岩相进变质作用阶段的矿物共生组合为角闪石+斜长石+石英,温压条件分别为719℃~795℃和7.56Kpa~8.30Kpa;中期榴辉岩相峰期变质作用阶段的矿物共生组合为石榴子石+绿辉石(后期退变为透辉石+钠长石)±石英,温压条件分别为668℃~821℃和26.42Kpa~33.46Kpa;晚期角闪岩相退变质作用阶段的矿物共生组合为石榴子石+角闪岩+斜长石±石英(即榴闪岩),相应的温压条件分别为611℃~854℃和4.76Kpa~9.30Kpa。结合前人资料推断,区域内加里东期可能经历了榴辉岩相超高压变质→高温麻粒岩相退变质→角闪岩相退变质的演化过程。钦杭结合带首次厘定出加里东期超高压变质作用,表明华夏和扬子两大陆块碰撞拼合发生在加里东期。 相似文献
5.
阿尔金西段的榴辉岩呈透镜状产于角闪岩相为特征的长英质片麻岩和泥质片麻岩中,岩相学研究和反应结构显示它经历了峰期的榴辉岩相、减压过程中的高压麻粒岩相和角闪岩相变质作用。峰期榴辉岩相的变质条件为t=710～850℃,p>1.5GPa。在退变质早期,通过绿辉石分解成相对贫钠的单斜辉石及斜长石后成合晶,榴辉岩转变成高压麻粒岩,局部的平衡组合显示其t=700～800℃,p=1.1～1.4GPa。晚期的退变质作用使麻粒岩组合转变成由韭闪石、韭闪石质普通角闪石和斜长石所组成的角闪岩相平衡共生组合,其平衡变质条件为t=620～740℃,p=0.65～0.95GPa。榴辉岩的微量及稀土元素分析显示其原岩主要具有“T”型大洋玄武岩特征,少量具有堆晶岩性质。保存较好榴辉岩的全岩及Sm-Nd矿物等时线测定获得500±10Ma的年龄;其变质锆石的U-Pb年龄为503.9±5.3Ma,两者基本一致的年龄数据反映了榴辉岩的峰期变质时代,从而表明了阿尔金西段加里东期与深俯冲和陆-陆碰撞作用有关的山根的存在。通过与柴达木北缘存在的类似的榴辉岩的对比,估算出阿尔金断裂的左行位移为400km。 相似文献
6.
山东海阳所麻粒岩向过渡榴辉岩转化的变质动力学过程及其构造意义 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
在山东半岛东南端的乳山海阳所,角闪岩和长英质片麻岩呈互层产出.在某些角闪岩层的中心残留有弱变形的麻粒岩和强变形的过渡榴辉岩(斜长石榴辉岩)团块.在弱变形的麻粒岩团块中发育有窄的(<1cm)剪切条带.沿着这些剪切条带和在强变形过渡榴辉岩团块中,原麻粒岩被转化为含斜长石的过渡榴辉岩.变形和流体在这一转化过程中加速了元素扩散和迁移的速度,在变形强和有流体加入的部位麻粒岩向榴辉岩转化的程度明显增强.麻粒岩相矿物组合(Cpx-Ⅰ+Opx+Pl-Ⅰ+ Hbl-Ⅰ + Grt-Ⅰ+ Ilm)及其花岗变晶结构被完好地保存于弱变形的麻粒岩中,其矿物成分显示出0.8～0.9 GPa和780℃～830℃的麻粒岩相变质条件.榴辉岩相叠加在麻粒岩中形成了一系列的环边状矿物和结构:环边状石榴石(Grt-Ⅱ)形成于麻粒岩相斜长石(Pl-Ⅰ)和暗色矿物(如Cpx-Ⅰ、Opx和Hbl-Ⅰ)的交界处,细粒石榴石(Grt-Ⅱ)、富钠单斜辉石(Cpx-Ⅱ)和石英形成于麻粒岩相角闪石(Hbl-Ⅰ)的外缘.同时榴辉岩相叠加造成麻粒岩相单斜辉石边缘钙契尔马克组份的降低和硬玉组份的升高.但在弱变形的麻粒岩中,麻粒岩相单斜辉石(Cpx-Ⅰ)的外缘并无榴辉岩相单斜辉石形成.沿着弱变形麻粒岩中的剪切条带和在过渡榴辉岩中,榴辉岩相矿物[Grt-Ⅱ+ Omp/Di(Cpx-Ⅱ)+ Ab(Pl-Ⅱ)+ Qtz + Hbl-Ⅱ+ Ky + Zo + Rut]广泛发育,它们的定向排列形成了明显的面理.其形成的温压条件为1.0～1.4 GPa和560℃～680℃,为过渡榴辉岩相变质.虽然其中仍然残留有被拉长的麻粒岩相单斜辉石,但它们含有很高的硬玉组份,且其外缘环绕有细粒的钠质透辉石或绿辉石(Cpx-Ⅱ).海阳所榴辉岩相变质的温压条件远远低于位于海阳所东南和东北的苏鲁超高压变质带中柯石英榴辉岩变质的温压条件.因此海阳所地区代表一条不同于超高压变质带的冷榴辉岩带,它可能与大别山南部的冷榴辉岩带相当.苏鲁超高压变质带的南部边界位于海阳所以北. 相似文献
7.
华北东南缘五河杂岩的变质演化过程研究有助于揭示研究区前寒武纪变质基底的形成与演化历史.基于对五河杂岩中镁铁质麻粒岩进行的详细岩相学观察、矿物电子探针及锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年和微量元素分析,识别出古元古代变质演化的3个阶段,重建了峰期后近等温减压及降压冷却的顺时针P-T-t轨迹.峰期高压麻粒岩相变质阶段的代表性矿物组合为石榴子石（富Ca核部）+单斜辉石（富Al）+斜长石+石英+金红石±角闪石（富Ti）,所记录的峰期温压条件为850~900 ℃、1.5 GPa;峰期后近等温减压麻粒岩相变质阶段,富Ti角闪石分解在周围形成石榴子石+斜方辉石+斜长石±单斜辉石的矿物组合,所记录的温压条件为~900 ℃、1.1~1.2 GPa;晚期角闪岩相退变质阶段,石榴子石分解产生角闪石+斜长石±石英,所记录的温压条件为600~680 ℃、0.65~0.75 GPa.锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,高压麻粒岩相、中压麻粒岩相和角闪岩相变质时代分别为~1.90 Ga、~1.85 Ga和~1.78 Ga.因此,研究区镁铁质麻粒岩的变质演化过程与胶北地体可以对比,结合已有的2.1 Ga花岗质岩石的成因和锆石年代学等方面研究成果,进一步证明五河杂岩属于胶-辽-吉带的西延,二者共同构成了华北克拉通东部一条古元古代碰撞造山带. 相似文献
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近期的变质岩石学、地球化学及同位素年代学研究表明,北大别整体经历了高温超高压变质作用和多阶段折返历史,因而表现为广泛发育的多期减压结构和极少保留早期的超高压变质记录。北大别榴辉岩以高温变质作用以及折返期间因麻粒岩相和角闪岩相退变质变质作用而形成的多期后成合晶为显著特征。石榴子石中伴有放射状胀裂纹的单晶和多晶石英包体指示早期柯石英的转变结果,这已被锆石中发现的柯石英残晶所证实。结合北大别北部榴辉岩和片麻岩中发现的金刚石等超高压证据以及三叠纪变质记录,由此证明北大别整体经历过深俯冲和印支期超高压变质作用。北大别榴辉岩的多阶段高温条件主要来自石榴子石-绿辉石矿物对温度计、单斜辉石中紫苏辉石+石英针状矿物出熔体以及金红石中较高的Zr含量和变质锆石中较高的Ti含量等得出的温度证据。此外,多期后成合晶以及石榴子石和单斜辉石等矿物中成分分带的存在,证明该区榴辉岩经历了一个多阶段、快速折返过程;而不同变质阶段的温度、压力和形成时代,却反映该区榴辉岩经历了长时间的高温变质演化与缓慢冷却过程。长时间的高温变质作用与缓慢冷却过程也许正是北大别长期难以发现柯石英和有关超高压记录的重要原因。因此,这些成果为大别山三个不同超高压岩片的差异折返模型的建立提供了新的证据。 相似文献
9.
鱼卡榴辉岩位于柴北缘HP/UHP变质带的西段,榴辉岩呈透镜状或似层状分布在变质泥质岩、花岗质片麻岩及少量大理岩中,主要由石榴石和绿辉石组成,具有含量不等的多硅白云母、角闪石、黝帘石(斜黝帘石或绿帘石)、金红石和石英等。岩相学和矿物化学研究显示榴辉岩经历了3期与俯冲和折返作用有关的变质演化阶段:(1)前榴辉岩相进变质阶段,榴辉岩矿物组合为石榴石(核) 绿帘石 斜长石 角闪石,以包体的形式保存于具有生长环带的石榴石核部,形成的温压条件为p=1.06～1.11GPa,t=560～577℃;(2)榴辉岩相变质阶段,以绿辉石、多硅白云母等矿物围绕石榴石定向分布为特征,其矿物组合为石榴石(边) 绿辉石 多硅白云母±黝帘石,温压估算获得榴辉岩相的变质条件为p=2.35～2.52GPa,t=610～680℃;(3)后榴辉岩相变质阶段,矿物组合为石榴石 角闪石 斜长石,主要存在于围绕榴辉岩透镜体分布的退变榴辉岩(角闪石化榴辉岩)中,形成的温压条件为p=1.09±0.12GPa,t=635±44℃。研究结果显示榴辉岩的pT轨迹具有“发卡”型特点,表明鱼卡榴辉岩经历了快速俯冲和折返的演化历史。 相似文献
10.
山东半岛基性高压麻粒岩的成因矿物学及变质演化 总被引：27，自引：22，他引：5
在山东半岛的平度-莱西-莱阳-烟台一带,广泛出露基性高压麻粒岩,它们呈大小不等的透镜体或不规则脉状体产于TTG片麻岩中,且与超镁铁质岩石密切"伴生"。根据岩相学、矿物相转变、变质反应以及温压条件的系统研究结果,确定山东半岛基性高压麻粒岩经历了四个阶段的变质演化。早期进变质阶段(M1)的标志性矿物组合以石榴石及其内部的细粒单斜辉石+斜长石±石英为特征,记录的温压条件为T=740～770℃、P=0.9～1.0GPa;峰期高压麻粒岩相变质阶段(M2)的矿物组合以基质中石榴石(富Ca核部)+单斜辉石(富Al核部)+斜长石(富Na核部)±石英为特征,记录的温压条件为T=850～880℃、P=1.45～1.65GPa;峰后近等温减压(中压)麻粒岩相退变质阶段(M3),以发生一系列典型减压反应和斜方辉石的大量出现为标志,典型的矿物组合为斜方辉石+单斜辉石+斜长石+磁铁矿±角闪石,记录的温压条件为T=780～830℃、P=0.65～0.85GPa;晚期角闪岩相退变质阶段(M4)以石榴石发生降温反应、形成角闪石+斜长石+磁铁矿±石英等退变矿物组合为特征,记录的温压条件为T=590～650℃、P=0.62～0.82GPa。高压基性麻粒岩的变质演化的P-T轨迹具有顺时针型式,先后经历了近等温减压过程(ITD)和近等压降温过程(IBC)变质演化过程,指示研究区基性高压麻粒岩是古老陆块之间在俯冲-碰撞造山过程中加厚下地壳折返地表的产物。该项成果对于重新认识华北克拉通在早前寒武纪古老陆块的碰撞-拼贴及其演化的动力学过程具有重要科学意义。 相似文献
11.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
12.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
15.
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
18.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献