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1.
《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,(Z1)
中国东北地区位于中亚造山带东段。该区古生代期间以各个微陆块之间的拼合(自西向东包括额尔古纳地块、兴安地块、松嫩—张广才岭地块、佳木斯地块和兴凯地块)以及古亚洲洋的最终闭合为特征(Xu et al.,2013;Li et al.,2014)。中生代期间,东北地区经历了环太平洋构造体系和蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造体系的叠加与改造。相比于古亚洲洋构造体系与环太平洋构造体系,蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造体系的研究相对较少。近年来的研究表明,蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋存在南向俯冲作用(Sun et al.,2013;Tang et al.,2014)。然而,蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋南向俯冲作用何时结束?东北地区中生代花岗岩尤其位于小兴安岭西北部中生代的花岗岩,其形成是与环太平洋构造体系有关?还是与蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造体系有关?这些问题仍然没有得到解决。鉴于此,本文对黑龙江省孙吴地区原华力西期的白云母花岗岩进行了年代学与地球化学研究。讨论了白云母花岗岩的形成时代、岩石成因及其形成的构造背景,这对确定蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋的闭合时间具有重要意义。本文白云母花岗岩中的锆石均呈半自形—自形,振荡生长环带明显,暗示其岩浆成因。测年结果显示,白云母花岗岩形成于168Ma,为中侏罗世岩浆事件的产物。岩体具有高硅(w(Si O2)=74.61%~80.16%)、富铝(w(Al2O3)=10.59%~13.90%)、贫铁(w(Fe2O3)=0.11%~0.3%)等特征,属于准铝质—过铝质(A/CNK=0.97~1.13)、高钾钙碱性系列。孙吴地区白云母花岗相对富集大离子亲石元素(LILEs)和轻稀土元素(LREEs),亏损重稀土元素(HREEs)和高场强元素(HFSEs)。重稀土元素含量较低暗示源区石榴子石的残留。锆石的εHf(168 Ma)=+7.53~+11.66,二阶段的模式年龄(TDM2)为595~966 Ma。上述特征表明,孙吴地区中侏罗世白云母花岗岩的岩浆起源于新增生加厚陆壳物质的部分熔融。研究区位于兴安地块与松嫩—张广才岭地块的结合部位。前人研究认为环太平构造体系中生代对东北亚大陆影响的空间范围主要在松辽盆地及以东地区;而蒙古—鄂霍茨克构造体系影响的空间范围主要在松辽盆地以西以及华北地块北缘(赵越等,1994,2006;许文良等,2013)。此外,在冀北—辽西地区,广泛存在一个区域性的地层不整合——即在海房沟组之下存在一个区域性的自北向南的逆冲构造,其逆冲推覆时间在170 Ma左右(Zhang et al.,2011),表明了中侏罗世陆壳加厚事件的存在(赵越等,1994,2004;Gao et al.,2004)。综合上述特征可以判定,在中侏罗世期间,从小兴安岭西北部至冀北—辽西地区存在一次重要的陆壳加厚与逆冲推覆事件,其推覆方向与蒙古—鄂霍茨克缝合带闭合有关。综上所述,本文的中侏罗世白云母花岗岩的形成应与蒙古—鄂霍茨克缝合带闭合过程中的陆-陆碰撞环境有关,而与环太平洋构造体系无关。白云母花岗岩的形成时代(168 Ma)限定了蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋在额尔古纳地块西北部的闭合时间应为中侏罗世。 相似文献
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对大兴安岭北段伊勒呼里山地区二长花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和岩石地球化学研究,确定其形成时代、岩石成因,揭露区域大地构造环境。测年数据显示,二长花岗岩于158.1±0.7Ma前形成,为晚侏罗世早期岩浆演化事件的产物。地球化学结果显示,二长花岗岩具有高Si、富Na、K、Al,低Fe、Mg的特点,A/CNK值为0.83~1.09,属高钾钙碱性花岗岩;富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb,贫高场强元素Hf、Th;稀土元素总量较高,稀土元素配分曲线右倾,具弱的负Eu异常,为Ⅰ型花岗岩。岩浆起源于下地壳玄武质成分的岩石部分熔融,为同碰撞期陆壳加厚过程的产物。研究区晚侏罗世早期二长花岗岩的形成与蒙古-鄂霍茨克缝合带闭合过程中的陆-陆碰撞环境有关,其形成时代限定了大兴安岭北段伊勒呼里山地区蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋的闭合时间应为晚侏罗世早期。 相似文献
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额尔古纳地块东缘韩家园子?富林地区紧邻蒙古?鄂霍茨克缝合带,其广泛出露的早侏罗世?早白垩世火成岩对于完善蒙古?鄂霍茨克洋俯冲?闭合历史具有重要意义.本文对韩家园子?富林地区的中生代火成岩进行岩相学、锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩主?微量元素地球化学研究.LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb结果显示韩家园子钾长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为196±2 Ma,代表其侵位时代为早侏罗世;富林地区光华组粗安岩锆石U-Pb年龄为122±2 Ma,暗示其结晶时代为早白垩世.早侏罗世钾长花岗岩为准铝质的Ⅰ型花岗岩,Mg#值较低（36）,Nb/Ta比值（16.55~17.05）接近于原始地幔,暗示岩浆应来源于新生下地壳的部分熔融.同时,钾长花岗岩富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti,与典型弧型火成岩的地球化学特征相一致,结合区域上发育同时代准铝质或弱过铝质Ⅰ型花岗岩的事实,表明其可能与蒙古?鄂霍茨克洋南向俯冲至额尔古纳地块有关.相比较下,早白垩世粗安岩具有较低的SiO2含量（59.67%~59.93%）和较高的Mg#值（42~43）,同时富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K,亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti,富集Sr,亏损Th,暗示其可能是富集岩石圈地幔重熔的产物.鉴于区域上其他来源于富集岩石圈地幔的早白垩世钙碱性火山岩呈面状分布的特征,以及早白垩世A型花岗岩和变质核杂岩的存在,暗示粗安岩为蒙古?鄂霍茨克洋闭合后伸展环境下的产物.结合区域最新火成岩和沉积岩资料,认为蒙古?鄂霍茨克洋在早侏罗世?早白垩世发生俯冲?碰撞?后碰撞作用,其在大兴安岭北部闭合时间应介于晚侏罗世末期和早白垩世早期（约150~140 Ma）. 相似文献
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《世界地质》2020,(2)
对大兴安岭北段内蒙古根河市得耳布尔地区中生代中-晚期火山岩的岩相学、年代学及岩石地球化学进行研究,探讨该地区的构造演化。根据区域上的地层接触关系及前人获得的年龄数据,推断研究区存在早—中侏罗世火山岩。满克头鄂博组LA—ICP—MS锆石U—Pb测年结果为(155±1.8) Ma,成岩时代为晚侏罗世。玛尼吐组LA—ICP—MS锆石U—Pb测年结果为(124.1±0.8) Ma和(122.8±1.3) Ma,成岩时代为早白垩世。早—中侏罗世火山岩为高钾钙碱性准铝质火山岩,大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr强烈富集,高场强元素Nb、Ta亏损,形成于活动大陆边缘构造背景。满克头鄂博组为富硅、富钾、贫钠、贫钙的过铝质高硅流纹岩,Rb/Sr比值为4.1～10.3,具有S型花岗岩特征,是加厚下地壳部分熔融的岩浆在岩浆房内经晶粥体模型(MUSH)再次演化形成。玛尼吐组轻重稀土元素分馏明显,富集Zr、Rb、Th和U,亏损Sr、Ba、Nb、Ta、P和Ti,具有A型花岗岩特征,是在伸展构造背景下通过地壳降压熔融形成。综合前人研究成果,认为大兴安岭地区中生代中-晚期火山岩主要受蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋构造域控制。早—中侏罗世,蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋洋壳向南俯冲;中侏罗世晚期,蒙古—鄂霍茨克洋闭合,西伯利亚克拉通与中朝—蒙古板块碰撞;早白垩世,大兴安岭区域上表现为伸展的构造环境。 相似文献
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东北地区古生代经历了古亚洲构造域演化,中生代经历了蒙古-鄂霍茨克构造域向西太平洋构造域的转换,这期间形成了不同期次的岩浆活动。本文对松辽盆地西缘吉林省白城市岭下地区的花岗质糜棱岩首次进行了锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学和岩石地球化学研究,确定其侵位时代、岩石成因,从而揭示区域构造背景及转换机制。岭下地区花岗质糜棱岩中的锆石多呈半自形-自形,振荡生长环带明显,暗示其岩浆成因。测年结果显示,花岗质糜棱岩原岩形成于281.9±7.4Ma和296.2±2.7Ma,为早二叠世岩浆事件的产物。岩石具有高硅(SiO2=64.10%~75.98%)、富铝(Al2O3=11.22%~16.00%)、贫铁(Fe2O3多介于0.23%~0.85%)等特征,在地球化学上属于准铝质-过铝质(A/CNK=0.97~1.19)系列。岭下地区花岗质糜棱岩相对富集轻稀土元素(LREE)和大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损重稀土元素(HREE)和高场强元素(HFSE)。上述特征表明,岭下地区花岗质糜棱岩的岩浆起源于高温高压下加厚陆壳物质脱水的部分熔融。结合区域地质特征,岭下地区早二叠世花岗质糜棱岩的侵位应与古亚洲洋闭合过程中的弧后拉张体制有关;花岗质糜棱岩的变质岩浆热事件年龄(157~153Ma)与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋的挤压闭合事件有关;而花岗质糜棱岩的主变形时代(137~117Ma)为早垩世早中期,其限定了西太平洋伊泽奈崎板块向欧亚大陆的斜向俯冲的起始时间。 相似文献
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大兴安岭伊勒呼里山早白垩世碱长花岗岩年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对大兴安岭伊勒呼里山早白垩世碱长花岗岩进行了岩相学、地球化学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年研究。伊勒呼里山地区碱长花岗岩主量元素具有富Si、富碱,贫Mg、Ca的特征;微量元素亏损Sr、P、Eu、Ti,富集K、Rb、Th等不相容元素,元素地球化学特征表明,岩体为铝质A型花岗岩(A/CNK=0.88~1.21,A/NK=0.94~1.49)。测年结果显示,粗中粒碱长花岗岩的锆石年龄为140.3±1.0Ma,细中粒碱长花岗岩锆石年龄为137.9±0.8Ma,均形成于早白垩世。结合区域研究资料,伊勒呼里山地区碱长花岗岩岩体的形成与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合后的岩石圈伸展密切相关,其岩浆源区可能为地壳物质的部分熔融。 相似文献
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大兴安岭中南段甘珠尔庙地区晚中生代两期花岗岩的时代、成因、物源及其构造背景 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
大兴安岭晚中生代岩浆活动在东北亚晚中生代构造岩浆演化研究中具有重要意义。本文首次报道了大兴安岭中南段甘珠尔庙地区5个晚中生代花岗岩体的锆石U-Pb年龄和地球化学研究结果。这些岩体形成于晚侏罗世(154Ma)和早白垩世(139~125Ma),显示高硅富碱特征,属高钾钙碱性系列,为高分异钙碱性I-A过渡型花岗岩,其中,早白垩世花岗岩分异程度高于晚侏罗世花岗岩。锆石Hf同位素特征显示,这些花岗岩源区以年轻物质为主,其中,晚侏罗世花岗岩εHf(t)值(+9.9~+15.9)高于该区底侵的新生下地壳,源区可能有更年轻的新底侵物质参与。早白垩世花岗岩εHf(t)值略低(+3.4~+13.9),其物源主要为底侵的新生下地壳和古生代俯冲增生杂岩混源,可能还混有少量更年轻的新底侵物质。结合区域资料分析,甘珠尔庙地区晚中生代花岗岩形成于后造山伸展背景,这种背景可能与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋闭合碰撞后伸展有关。 相似文献
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针对海拉尔盆地霍尔坡山岩体、阿浪托洛果伊岩体以及嵯岗岩体的花岗质岩石进行岩石学和锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学研究,以便精确限定盆地内花岗岩的形成时代及盆地与区域构造演化的关系。分别采自各岩体的3个花岗岩样品的锆石均呈半自形-自形柱状,显示典型的岩浆生长环带,Th/U比值为0.26~2.08,具有典型的岩浆成因特征。嵯岗岩体细粒钾长花岗岩中锆石的~(206)Pb/238 U加权平均年龄为226.2Ma±2.3Ma,表明其形成时代为晚三叠世,而不是前人确定的石炭世,霍尔坡山岩体钾长花岗岩和阿浪脱洛果依岩体的斜长花岗岩锆石的206Pb/238 U加权平均年分别为155.8 Ma±1.8 Ma和131.5 Ma±1.8 Ma,代表两个岩体的形成时代分别为晚侏罗世和早白垩世,并非同属晚侏罗世。综合分析:嵯岗岩体钾长花岗岩的形成可能为古亚洲洋闭合后伸展作用的产物;霍尔坡山岩体钾长花岗岩的形成应与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋造山后伸展作用有关;阿浪脱洛果依岩体的斜长花岗岩形成于板内裂谷环境,其形成与蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋的演化密切相关。 相似文献
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东北地区是中国显生宙花岗岩极其发育的地区,构造演化复杂。研究大兴安岭东北部塔河地区早白垩世侵入岩是解决大兴安岭地区中生代岩浆演化及构造背景的重要突破口。塔河地区早白垩世侵入岩的岩性主要有石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、正长花岗岩和花岗闪长斑岩。运用LA-ICP-MS测年方法对花岗闪长岩和石英闪长岩进行测年,锆石U-Pb年龄分别为131±1Ma(MSWD=0.73)和130±1Ma(MSWD=2.2)。早白垩世侵入岩SiO_2含量为61.32%~71.68%,为中酸性岩类。Al_2O_3含量为13.53%~15.62%,显示为准铝质或过铝质、高钾钙碱性花岗岩。∑REE为(152.28~253.85)×10~(-6)。地球化学特征可分为高Sr低Yb型和低Sr高Yb型两类侵入岩,起源于地壳的不同深度。研究区早白垩世侵入岩形成于蒙古-鄂霍次克洋洋盆自西向东的剪切式收缩闭合作用,可能与蒙古-鄂霍次克造山带陆-陆碰撞导致下地壳加厚作用有关。 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
13.
郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
14.
15.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
16.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
17.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
19.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
20.
正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献