共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 22 毫秒
1.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
2.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
3.
东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
4.
Important tendencies in development of the world mineral-resources sector at the beginning of the 21st century were an increase in production and consumption of mineral materials differentiated by types of metals and nonmetallic mineral raw materials, by countries and regions, as well as the concentration of the production of mineral raw materials in a small number of countries, and a reduction in industrial reserves of minerals in the world economy, even at the current stage of their extraction. These tendencies should be taken into account in working out a strategy for development of the Russian mineral raw-material base. 相似文献
5.
Fouad N. Ibrahim Dr. 《GeoJournal》1988,17(1):133-141
Taking the example of W Sudan, an analysis of the climatic incidents leading to the two recent famine disasters is made. On this natural background, the human side is investigated. Focus is directed towards the fragile economic structure of the famine-prone population groups. An early-warning system for famine in the Sahelian Zone is proposed taking grain production and storage, livestock development and the relationship between the prices of livestock and grain as major indicators. 相似文献
6.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
7.
The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献
8.
9.
Yu. L. Rebetskii 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2016,469(1):743-747
The problem of formation of additional planetary stresses in the crust initiated by the action of tangential inertia mass forces that are caused by the daily rotation of the Earth is considered. It is established that the stress state formed in the crust has three levels of different geodynamic types: horizontal tension, shear, and compression with a meridional orientation of maximum compression. It is shown that the revealed deep zonality of planetary stresses can explain the regularity of representation of ruptures of various types for planetary fracturing. 相似文献
10.
11.
S. A. Potanin 《Astronomy Reports》2008,52(7):598-605
Low-frequency (0–0.5 Hz) errors in the positions of stars in the focal plane of the ZTE 1.25-m telescope of the Crimean Laboratory of the Sternberg Astronomical Institute and the AZT-22 1.5-m telescope of the Maidanak Observatory in Uzbekistan are analyzed using data obtained during the operation of two optical compensators designed to correct the tilt of incoming wave fronts. A spectral analysis is used to identify possible origins of these errors. The amplitudes of periodic errors in the main worm-and-worm gears of the tracking mechanisms have been measured to be 1.5″ (a period of 240 s) for the 1.25-m telescope and 0.15″ (167 s) for the 1.5-m telescope. The rates of constant drifts have also been determined. 相似文献
12.
Doklady Earth Sciences - The heterogeneities of the gravity field (HGF) deform the fields of air pressure, density, and temperature and affect the temperature regime of the boundary layer of the... 相似文献
13.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
14.
Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
15.
Alexander M. Bronfman 《GeoJournal》1992,27(2):141-148
Some laws governing the self-purification of marine waters from oil products have been considered using the Sea of Azov and the NW shelf of the Black Sea as models. A number of principally important features of this process have been established including marked spatial heterogenity, and capacity for a sharp decline in the efficiency of destruction during anthropogenic transformations of marine ecosystems, etc. On the basis of a special mathematical model and numerous experiments, an estimation in the first approximation was made of the efficiency of the self-purification of the areas investigated and their characteristic regions. The value obtained is significantly smaller than the actual amount of oil products entering the sea as runoff. A number of recommendations have been made on the use of self-purification values for establishing standards for discharges of waste waters. 相似文献
16.
GIS技术在生态环境地质评价中的应用 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
针对生态环境地质调查与评价的特点,建立了应用GIS技术进行生态环境地质评价的基本思路和技术流程,提出了相关图形-属性数据库建立的要点,阐述了生态环境地质评价的基本步骤,并对有关指标体系的选取、分析评价模型等做了重点分析。 相似文献
17.
On Estimating the Magnitude of the Hidden Zone and the Compositions of the Residual Liquids of the Skaergaard Layered Series 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Wager's more general assumptions about the relations betweenthe layered series of Skaergaard and its parent magma form thebasis for a simple procedure by which, from the compositionof the proposed initial magma and the compositions and amountsof the exposed zones, the amount and composition of the hiddenzone and the compositions of liquids remaining after the consolidationof each zone are readily computed. Application of the procedure to the Skaergaard data—moreproperly, to the relevant summary statistics presented by Wager(1960) and by Wager & Brown (1968)—suggests that currentlyaccepted graphical solutions materially overestimate the extentof end-stage alkali enrichment and may materially understatethe magnitude of the hidden zone; the data are quite as compatiblewith numerical solutions yielding a considerably larger hiddenzone and virtually no perceptible end-stage alkali enrichment.Differences between numerical and graphical solutions seem tobe generated primarily by the zone weights used in the latter. 相似文献
18.
Akulichev V. A. Bezotvetnykh V. V. Burenin A. V. Voytenko E. A. Golov A. A. Morgunov Yu. N. Strobykin D. S. Tagiltsev A. A. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2018,480(2):796-799
The results of experimental study of the spatial structure of the scalar-vector acoustic field formed during towing of a tone low-frequency emitter over the shelf of the Sea of Japan are discussed. The experiment was accomplished by towing the source of a tone signal with a frequency of 134 Hz at a depth of 20 m over various acoustic tracks at distances up to 10 km from an integrated receiving system consisting of a receiver of acoustic pressure and three orthogonal components of the acoustic pressure gradient. Special attention has been focused on study of the interference structure of the scalar and vector fields with provision of the technical reliability of the method and the results of the experiment under controlled hydrological conditions. We discuss the quantitative characteristics and peculiarities of the interference formation along tracks that differ in depth. The unique results of comparing the horizontal and vertical components of the fields are most interesting of all. They allowed us to reveal the existence of eddy structures in the acoustic field of the source over several tracks. We analyze the possibility of practical application of the results of our research.
相似文献19.
N. J. Bello 《GeoJournal》1997,43(2):113-123
The characteristics of the onset and cessation of the rains investigated in this study are early, normal and late onset and cessation. The spatial pattern of these parameters were investigating for Nigeria using rainfall and potential evapotranspiration data analyzed for the period between 1959– 1990. Furthermore, 4 major rainfall producing mechanisms that could be responsible for the observed pattern of these parameters in Nigeria were also investigated using the stepwise multiple regression analysis. It was found that Inter-Tropical Discontinuity appeared as the most significant rainfall producing factor for predicting the spatial variation in the characteristics of the onset and cessation of the rains in Nigeria. This finding corroborates the zonal (north-south) pattern evident in the spatial distribution of the early, normal and late onset and cessation of the rains in the country. However, it was found that the combination of ITD and disturbance line together proved significant for explaining the spatial variation in the characteristics of the onset and cessation of the rains in Nigeria. Consequently, a south-northeast trend in the spatial pattern of each of early, normal and late onset and cessation of the rains is evident for the country. The combination of the 3 factors-ITD, disturbance line and relief were found to be significant for predicting the late onset and early cessation of the rains. However, the contribution due to relief factor is extremely low. It is observed that the occurrence of onset and cessation of the rains in Nigeria is generally erratic. The study showed further that the probability of the deviation of onset and cessation of the rains from normal is higher in the north than the southern part of the country. The significance of the observations of the study to selection of crops for cultivation and schedule of planting dates have been noted. 相似文献
20.
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2018,62(10):705-712
It is known that the center of mass (CM) of the Moon does not coincide with its geometrical center of figure (CF), and that the CF–CMline deviates to the Southeast of the direction toward the center of the Earth. An investigation of this phenomenon, which has remained incompletely understood, has been carried out in two stages. One mechanism can explain part of the eastward shift of the lunar CM as being due to tidal evolution of the lunar orbit. A second mechanism is considered here, which relates this shift of the lunar CM with evolution of the shape of the Moon. A differential equation describing the shift of the lunar CMto the East in the course of the physically inevitable rounding of its shape as it moves away from the Earth is derived and solved. This mechanism not only explains the eastward shift of the lunar CM, but also predicts that the oblateness of the Moon could have been appreciable at earlier epochs, reaching values ε ≈ 0.31. The theory of figures of equilibrium in a tidal gravitational field is used to determine how close to the Earth the Moon could have formed. 相似文献