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1.
宁芜盆地火山-次火山岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义 总被引：40，自引：23，他引：17
宁芜火山盆地是长江中下游重要的火山盆地之一,在盆地内自下而上依次发育龙王山组、大王山组、姑山组和娘娘山组火山岩和若干个同源次火山岩或小侵入岩体。本文对宁芜盆地火山-次火山岩进行了详细的锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素地球化学研究。研究结果表明,大王山组粗安岩锆石U-Pb年龄为130.3±0.9Ma,姑山组两个粗安岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为128.2±1.3Ma和128.5±1.8Ma,另外三个侵入岩年龄分别为127.1±1.2Ma、128.3±0.6Ma和128.2±1.0Ma,均为早白垩纪。综合前人成果,认为长江中下游地区火山盆地内火山活动的时限在135～124Ma之间,不存在侏罗纪岩浆活动。宁芜盆地火山岩和侵入岩的锆石176Hf/177Hf值在0.282502～0.282673范围内,εHf(t)变化为-6.9～-0.7,显示岩浆源自于岩石圈富集地幔部分熔融并在上升过程中受地壳物质的混染,为岩石圈伸展环境的产物。 相似文献
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宁芜盆地浅成侵入岩的锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素研究及其地质意义 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
宁芜火山岩盆地是长江中下游成矿带中最重要的矿集区之一,以产出玢岩型铁矿而著称。盆地内的岩浆活动产物可分为龙王山组,大王山组,姑山组和娘娘山组4个旋回火山岩及相关浅成侵入岩。本文对该盆地中凹山铁矿的成矿母岩——辉长闪长玢岩进行了精确的锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素组成测定。3个样品的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为(123±1)Ma,(127±3)Ma和(125±2)Ma。前人已对该盆地中火山岩开展过较多的定年工作,获得大王山组的锆石U-Pb年龄为127~131Ma。因此,与成矿密切相关的辉长闪长玢岩与第二旋回大王山组火山岩同期,形成年龄相近或略晚于火山岩。辉长闪长玢岩中锆石εHf(t)值为-6.3~-8.6,结合前人的地球化学数据,该岩石的形成可能与软流圈地幔上涌、富集岩石圈地幔熔融并与地壳物质混合有关,这一过程发生于华南约125Ma时岩石圈强烈伸展时期。同位素组成特征表明,与盆地内火山岩相比,宁芜浅成侵入岩形成过程中有更多的地壳物质加入。 相似文献
3.
宁芜盆地娘娘山组钾质火山岩为盆地内中生代最晚期火山喷发形成的火山岩,其矿物成分中钾长石主要为透长石;辉石均为透辉石;黑云母为镁质黑云母,黑云母结晶温度为650℃～750℃,氧逸度(logfo2)约为-12～-10。这些矿物的化学特征与庐枞钾质火山岩中矿物的化学特征非常接近,综合其全岩地球化学、同位素年龄数据,表明娘娘山组钾质火山岩形成于造山后的构造环境。对黑云母的成分分析表明其岩浆来源较深,应为幔源岩浆分异演化的产物,并推测与地壳发生了较弱的同化混染作用,同时娘娘山组钾质火山岩的岩相学和矿物化学特征揭示了其岩浆演化的过程。 相似文献
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本文系统选取了宁芜盆地四个火山旋回的典型火山岩以及与铁铜矿成矿有关的岩体进行了精确的锆石定年和Hf同位素分析以及全岩主微量元素测试,研究结果显示龙王山组、大王山组、姑山组火山岩形成时代为134~127Ma,娘娘山组火山岩形成时代稍晚,为118.8±1.6Ma,一个中基性闪长玢岩样品形成时代为130.6±1.3Ma。三个中酸性斑岩样品的形成时代为124~128Ma。龙王山、大王山、姑山旋回火山岩及同期潜火山岩-侵入岩的Hf同位素特征相似,εHf(t)值范围大多在-2~-5之间,暗示其源区性质相似,娘娘山旋回εHf(t)值稍高,反映源区可能有更多幔源物质。结合岩石地球化学特征,认为岩浆的源区为一个富集地幔,而造成中生代火山岩源区地幔交代的流体/熔体可能与更早期的俯冲事件有关,而陆源物质是深海沉积物被俯冲的大洋板片带入地幔深部的。侵入岩与同期火山岩具有相似的形成时代、岩石地球化学和锆石Hf同位素组成,表明它们是同源异相体。宁芜盆地广泛的岩浆活动为中国东部岩石圈强烈的减薄作用下的一个均一富集地幔熔融的产物。 相似文献
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宁芜盆地火山作用峰期锆石U-Pb定年和Lu-Hf同位素研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
宁芜盆地是长江中下游重要的火山岩盆地之一,发育龙王山、大王山、姑山和娘娘山4期火山喷发旋回。盆地内火山作用峰期的大王山期和姑山期火山喷发旋回的安山岩样品的锆石定年和Hf同位素分析研究表明,大王山组2个安山岩年龄分别为(130.6±1.6) Ma和(132.6±1.8) Ma,姑山组安山岩年龄为(131.7±1.1) Ma,均为早白垩世。锆石176Hf/177Hf比值为0.282 468～0.282 607,εHf(t)集中在-3～-6之间,结合前人的岩石地球化学数据,认为宁芜盆地火山岩源区可能主要为富集地幔,有少量地壳物质的混染。宁芜盆地火山作用峰期岩浆活动是太平洋板块俯冲作用减弱、发生后撤拉张背景下的产物。 相似文献
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长江中下游地区白垩纪富碱火山岩浆作用 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
根据长江中下游地区中生代火山岩与成矿作用的研究现状, 选择研究工作较为薄弱的、最东端的溧水盆地火山岩为研究对象, 进行了详细的锆石U-Pb同位素分析, 并结合本区4个不同中生代火山盆地火山岩地球化学、岩性地层学资料, 对各盆地中4个火山旋回的火山岩进行了对比研究.研究表明: 溧水盆地龙王山组粗面岩的结晶年龄为128Ma, 这标志着长江中下游地区由西向东中生代火山作用的全面展开.4个火山旋回的时代分别为: > 125Ma、125~120Ma、120~110Ma和110~90Ma.庐枞盆地的浮山组与宁芜盆地的姑山组+娘娘山组(即溧水盆地的观山组+甲山组) 对应较为恰当, 应属第三火山旋回.本区白垩世火山岩的地球化学特征, 反映这些幔源碱性岩浆在上升过程中受到了陆壳物质的混染, 早期火山岩(如溧水盆地龙王山组) 则是Sr矿的矿源层. 相似文献
7.
宁芜北段姑山组是介于大王山组和娘娘山组之间的火山岩系,实测钾氩法同位素年龄为114．0Ma～91．0Ma,孢粉组合与大王山组相比以裸子植物花粉较少、蕨类植物孢子较多为特征,因而,姑山组的时代主要为早白垩世晚期,部分可待续至晚白垩世早期。 相似文献
8.
长江中下游金牛盆地花岗斑岩和流纹斑岩的锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素组成及其地质意义 总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2
金牛盆地位于鄂东南矿集区,是长江中下游成矿带重要的火山岩盆地之一.相对宁芜和庐枞盆地,金牛盆地找矿一直没有取得重大突破,对其中次火山岩的年代学、成因和成矿属性的研究也很少.本次选择盆地中心吴佰浩地区深部钻孔中的花岗斑岩和流纹斑岩,开展锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素的研究工作,获得了流纹斑岩锆石206Pb/238U的加权平均年龄为128±1Ma (n=14,MSWD=2.5),锆石Hf同位素(176Hf/177Hf),和εHf(t)分别为0.28247～0.28262和-2.5～ -7.7;花岗斑岩锆石206 Pb/238U的加权平均年龄为129±1Ma (n=12,MSWD=1.3),锆石Hf同位素(176Hf/177Hf),和εHf(t)分别为0.28239～0.28259和-3.6～-10.7.本文确定金牛盆地中流纹斑岩和花岗斑岩的形成时代为129～128Ma,与金牛盆地火山岩的形成时代(130～125Ma)相当,暗示金牛盆地火山岩和次火山岩均形成于早白垩世,流纹斑岩和花岗斑岩是壳幔混合的产物.金牛盆地火山岩的形成时代与宁芜、、庐枞盆地相当,次火山岩的形成时代也与宁芜、庐枞盆地玢岩铁矿的成矿岩体相当.提出金牛盆地除应关注玢岩铁矿外,更应该关注与次火山岩有关的热液金矿. 相似文献
9.
长江中下游成矿带溧水盆地(次)火山岩的年代学及其意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
溧水火山岩盆地是长江中下游地区众多中生代火山岩盆地之一,在盆地内自下而上发育有龙王山组、大王山组、姚家边组和甲山组粗面质火山岩和若干个同源的次火山侵入岩体。针对溧水盆地火山岩-次火山岩进行系统的锆石U-Pb年代学研究,结果显示,龙王山组玄武质粗面岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为135 Ma±1 Ma,大王山组粗安岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为131 Ma±1 Ma,姚家边组粗安岩的锆石U-Pb年龄为128 Ma±1 Ma,另外1个粗安斑岩体的年龄为131 Ma±1 Ma,它们均为早白垩纪岩浆活动的产物。上述年龄数据与长江中下游地区其他盆地火山岩的年龄基本一致,表明长江中下游地区中生代火山岩的喷发时代主要集中在135Ma~127Ma之间,均受制于中国东部岩石圈减薄的伸展构造背景。 相似文献
10.
松辽盆地断陷期白垩纪营城组的时代归属 总被引：19，自引：1，他引：18
本文结合生物地层,同位素年代学,古地磁及地层序列的最新研究成果,探讨了松辽盆地断陷期营城组的时代归属。营城组孢粉组合多繁盛于白垩纪早—中期的Hauterivian期—Albian期;营城组同位素年龄分布表现出两个峰值135 ~ 120Ma和115 ~ 110Ma,结合采样层位及地层序列特征认为135~130Ma代表营城组下段中基性火山岩的年龄,130 ~ 120Ma代表营城组一段酸性火山岩的年龄,115~110Ma代表营城组三段基性火山岩及顶部酸性火山岩的年龄;古地磁研究表明在Hauterivian期底界偏上的135Ma发生过磁性的倒转以及松辽盆地的快速北移。这些特征表明营城组的时代为Hauterivian期—Albian早期,同位素年龄为135 ~ 110Ma。 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
14.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
17.
位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
18.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献