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胶东三甲金矿床流体包裹体特征 总被引：14，自引：6，他引：8
三甲金矿是胶东牟平-乳山金成矿带内重要的石英脉型金矿,金主要产于黄铁矿和多金属硫化物石英脉中。流体包裹体研究表明,三甲金矿蚀变岩石和各成矿阶段金矿石中的流体包裹体主要有三种类型：H2O-CO2包裹体、富CO2包裹体和H2O溶液包裹体。早期乳白色石英中主要赋存原生的H2O-CO2包裹体;成矿期黄铁矿石英脉和多金属硫化物石英脉中的富CO2包裹体主要为原生,随机分布,气液比变化较大,常与早期H2O溶液包裹体共生且均一温度接近,显示不混溶流体包裹体组合特征;在成矿晚期的石英和方解石中主要发育原生H2O溶液包裹体。显微测温结果显示,成矿前（第1阶段）H2O-CO2包裹体的完全均一温度（Tb．TOT,至液相）为280℃至416℃,成矿期（第Ⅱ和Ⅲ阶段）富CO2包裹体的完全均一温度为210—330℃,同期的H2O溶液包裹体均一温度为253～377℃,成矿后（第Ⅳ阶段）H2O溶液包裹体的均一温度为176—207℃。成矿流体为低盐度的CO2-H2O-NaCl型热液,成矿应力场转变导致的流体减压沸腾作用可能是三甲金矿金沉淀成矿的主要原因。 相似文献
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为探讨焦家金矿成矿流体的时空演化特性,在焦家金矿①号和③号矿体纵深450 m的剖面上采集矿化样品,对不同阶段、不同深度石英脉中流体包裹体进行显微测温以及成矿流体特征垂向对比研究.结果 显示,成矿早阶段石英主要捕获H2O-CO2型包裹体,其完全均一温度为271～359℃,盐度为6.0％～ 10.0％ NaCleqv,XCO2为0.1～0.15.主成矿阶段石英中捕获大量H2O-CO2型、H2O型和CO2型包裹体,它们的完全均一温度为198～315℃,盐度为6.5％～8.5％ NaCleqv.成矿晚阶段石英中只发育H2O单相和气液两相包裹体,其完全均一温度为102～ 188℃,盐度为0.2％～3.8％ NaCleqv.研究显示,焦家金矿成矿流体与其他胶东金矿成矿流体特征与演化过程一致,且在纵深450 m剖面上保持不变.与前人研究成果对比发现,胶东金矿具有统一的流体来源,但成矿物质显示出更为复杂的来源,应有源于沉积地层的物质加入. 相似文献
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小秦岭文峪金矿床流体包裹体研究及矿床成因 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
文峪金矿位于小秦岭矿田南部,其产出受脆-韧性剪切带控制,赋矿围岩为太华群变质杂岩.根据脉体穿切关系和矿物交代关系,可以将文峪金矿流体成矿过程分为早、中、晚三个阶段,其热液石英中发育CO2-H2O型、纯CO2型和H2O溶液型三种类型流体包裹体.平阶段石英中原生包裹体主要是CO2-H2O型和纯CO2型,其成分为CO2+H2O±N2±CH4,均一温度集中在290～330℃,盐度为1.02％～9.59％ NaCleqv;中阶段为主成矿阶段,该阶段石英中包含了所有3种类型的包裹体,其中以CO2-H2O型包裹体为主,获得CO2-H2O和水溶液包裹体均一温度集中在250～290℃,盐度为0.02％～12.81％NaCleqv;晚阶段石英仅发育水溶液型包裹体,具有较低的均一温度(114～239℃)和盐度(4.18％～8.95％ NaCleqv).根据CO2-H2O型包裹体计算早、中阶段压力分别为130 ～ 178MPa和85 ～ 150MPa,对应的成矿深度分别为4.7～6.5km和3.1～5.5km.总体而言,文峪金矿的初始流体具有中高温、富CO2、低盐度的变质流体特征,晚成矿阶段流体演化为低温、低盐度水溶液流体,流体的不混溶导致了主成矿期矿质的大量沉淀,文峪金矿为中浅成的造山型矿床. 相似文献
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青海什多龙热液脉型钼铅锌矿床流体包裹体研究及矿床成因 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
什多龙热液脉型钼铅锌矿床受印支期成生的NNW向断裂构造控制,与该期构造运动导致的花岗岩类岩体的侵入活动紧密关联.热液成矿过程包括四个阶段,依次以石英-辉钼矿化(Ⅰ)、石英-黄铁矿-闪锌矿化(Ⅱ)、石英-多金属硫化物化(Ⅲ)及石英-碳酸盐化(Ⅳ)为特征.矿石石英中主要发育两类流体包裹体:富水的CO2-H2O两相包裹体与H2O溶液包裹体(包括富气相、富液相与纯液相三类).Ⅰ阶段包裹体均一温度为317～ 397℃,盐度为9.98％～12.28％ NaCleqv;Ⅱ阶段包裹体均一温度为226 ～ 342℃,盐度为4.34％ ～ 10.98％ NaCleqv;Ⅲ阶段包裹体均一温度为131 ～247℃,盐度为2.07％ ～5.41％NaCleqv.流体叠加作用强烈,早阶段矿石石英中常见沿微裂隙捕获的晚阶段包裹体.流体包裹体气液相组分的分阶段热爆研究表明,成矿流体主要属于K+-Na+-SO42-型,从Ⅰ阶段至Ⅱ、Ⅲ阶段,阴阳离子总量急剧降低;气相组分除H2O与CO2外,还含有相对较多的N2、CH4等气体.Ⅰ阶段流体为混入了大气降水的岩浆水,Ⅱ阶段发生流体混合作用,大量大气降水与部分地层水混入流体系统中,Ⅲ阶段流体以大气降水及地层水为主.流体混合作用及伴随的温压条件的降低是导致铅锌等成矿元素沉淀与富集的重要机制. 相似文献
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北山金窝子金矿床流体包裹体特征及成矿流体演化 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
金窝子金矿床为于甘肃北山中成矿带。包裹体测温研究表明，从成矿初期到主成矿阶段，石英捕获了H2O—NaCl，H2O-CO2-CH4-NaCl，或H2O-CO2-NaCl体系的流体。大脉型金矿成矿初期，热液成矿流体由高温中盐度H2O-NaCl-CO2-CH4四端元组份混溶的均一相热液流体；石英-黄铁矿和多金属硫化物阶段，石英捕获两成分和温度都不相同的热液组份：低盐度、富水溶液、较冷的热液和高盐度、富挥发份CO2、CH4和水蒸气、较热的热液。主成矿阶段石英捕获的两类型包裹体的完全均一温度相差近100℃，而且富挥发份流体盐度相对于贫挥发份流体盐度高，上述特征表明主成矿期3号脉大规模金成矿并非流体沸腾作用结果。网脉型金矿（210号脉）黄铁矿-石英成矿阶段、石英．黄铁矿和多金属硫化物成矿阶段石英捕获的地质流体的温度-成分特征无明显差异，均捕获了两种组份不同、成矿温度一 致的地质流体（高盐度富水溶液流体和富堤盐度CO2＋CH4流体），与许多金矿的流体不混溶金成矿机制矛盾。 相似文献
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湖北竹山县银洞沟矿床成矿流体特征及矿床成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
银洞沟大型银多金属矿床位于南秦岭造山带,矿体主要受东西向的银洞岩背斜控制,呈脉状产于武当山群变火山岩.热液成矿作用包含4个阶段:(Ⅰ)细粒石英-闪锌矿-方铅矿阶段;(Ⅱ)细粒石英-银金矿化阶段;(Ⅲ)粗粒石英阶段,含少量方铅矿-闪锌矿-黄铜矿;(Ⅳ)块状铁白云石-石英阶段.银洞沟矿床流体包裹体可分为3类:NaCl-H2O型(W型)、CO2-H2O-NaCl型(C型)和CO2-CH4型(PC型).Ⅰ阶段石英中的流体包裹体以W和C型为主,含少量PC型,相比Ⅰ阶段,Ⅱ阶段的C型包裹体更多,而Ⅲ阶段仅发育W型包裹体.显微测温表明,Ⅰ阶段流体包裹体均一温度为308 ～ 436℃,盐度为5.1％～10.2％ NaCleqv;Ⅱ阶段均一温度为220～375℃,盐度为2.0％～ 10.7％ NaCleqv;Ⅲ阶段均一温度为122 ～272℃,盐度为0.4％～7.2％ NaCleqv.根据C型包裹体估算前两个阶段压力分别为330 ～463MPa和180～363MPa,相应成矿深度分别为12.5～17.5km和6.8 ～13.8km.从Ⅰ到Ⅲ阶段,δ18OW、δD平均值分别由8.4‰和-72‰,变化至0.9‰和-67‰,指示初始成矿流体来自变质热液,晚阶段混入了大气降水.流体包裹体与氢氧同位素数据表明,银洞沟矿床成矿流体为中温、低盐度、富CO2的变质热液,属于造山型矿床,流体的混合可能是金属沉淀的主要机制. 相似文献
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新疆东天山白山钼矿床流体包裹体研究 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
白山钼矿位于东天山觉罗塔格成矿带东段,是新疆极具代表性的大型-超大型斑岩钼矿.根据矿物共生组合和脉体穿插关系,脉体发育顺序依次为:早期石英-钾长石脉、石英-钾长石-辉钼矿脉、石英-辉钼矿脉、石英-多金属硫化物脉和晚期石英-碳酸盐-萤石脉.早期石英-钾长石脉中主要发育纯CH4包裹体(PC型)、CH4-H2O型包裹体(C1型)和水溶液包裹体(W型),均一温度集中在320 ～420℃,盐度为1.98％ ～ 8.79％ NaCleqv;石英-钾长石-辉钼矿脉中发育含子晶包裹体(S型)和W型包裹体,均一温度集中在260～ 400℃,盐度为1.49％～8.65％ NaCleqv;石英-辉钼矿脉和石英-多金属硫化物脉发育W型、S型和CO2-H2O型包裹体(C2型),均一温度分别为200～ 240℃和140 ～ 240℃,盐度分别为2.14％ ～8.10％ NaCleqv和0.33％～ 10.22％ NaCleqv,不包括不熔子矿物的贡献;晚期石英-碳酸盐-萤石脉只发育W型包裹体,均一温度和盐度明显下降,分别为100～ 160℃和0.17％～4.86％ NaCleqv.估算的石英-钾长石脉体和石英-多金属硫化物脉形成压力分别为105 ～ 221 MPa和15 ～ 285MPa.成矿流体由高温、富碳质、还原的岩浆流体向低温、低盐度、贫碳质的大气降水热液演化.成矿阶段温度下降,早期流体中的CH4还原HMoO4-的高价钼,从而形成辉钼矿,可能是导致成矿物质沉淀的重要因素. 相似文献
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比利亚谷矿床是内蒙古额尔古纳成矿带内新发现的一个铅锌（银）矿床,具有大型矿床的成矿潜力。主矿体呈脉状产于上侏罗统塔木兰沟组和满克头鄂博组火山岩地层中,受NW,NWW向张性断裂构造控制;主要金属矿物有方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿、黄铜矿、辉银矿等。为确定该矿床的成矿流体特征及成因类型,对矿石中的石英、重晶石和闪锌矿开展了流体包裹体的岩相学观察、显微测温和激光拉曼光谱分析。结果表明,上述矿物中主要发育富液相、CO2三相和少量含子矿物三相包裹体;富液相包裹体的均一温度与盐度分别为102℃～378℃和0．2％～10．5％NaCleqv,CO2三相包裹体的均一温度和盐度分别为124℃～256℃和1．8～11．2％NaCleqv,舍子矿物三相包裹体的均一温度与盐度分别为220℃和42．4％NaCleqv。单个流体包裹体气相成分的激光拉曼光谱分析显示,除石英中的部分富液相包裹体的气体成分含CO2外,不同矿物中的富液相包裹体的气体成分均为H2O。此外,该矿床成矿流体的盐度范围波动较大,重晶石中包裹体的均一温度分布范围较广,因此成矿流体属不均匀流体,流体混合作用是该矿床的重要成矿机制。综合认为,比利亚谷铅锌（银）矿床应属赋存于中生代火山岩中的与浅成一超浅成岩浆作用有关的中低温热液脉型矿床。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
19.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
20.
The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献