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云南省西畴县嘎机矿区位于燕山期老君山多金属成矿域北缘,近年的地质普查发现较好矿化信息,已探获铜铅锌资源储量可达中型,具大型矿床潜力。地质勘探结果表明,该矿床矿物组成复杂,围岩蚀变以硅化和矽卡岩化为主,矿区深部存在燕山期隐伏花岗岩,其外接触带存在较好钨、锡、钼等矿化,从矿区浅部到深部,存在低温成矿元素(Pb-Zn-Cu)→高温成矿元素(W-Sn-Mo-Cu)的垂向分带。通过对该矿床地质特征的总结,本文认为嘎机铜铅锌多金属矿床成矿作用与加里东期花岗岩无关,为燕山晚期老君山花岗岩有关多金属成矿事件的产物,其成矿物质和流体应主要来源于深部燕山期隐伏岩体,矿床成因属于岩浆期后热液型矿床。围岩蚀变晕、矿化组合类型分带、物化探综合信息探测方法和工程验证与普查评价的结合,是该区隐伏铜铅锌多金属矿床地质勘查的有效手段。 相似文献
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湖南锡田钨锡多金属矿床成矿地质特征及成矿模式 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过对锡田钨锡多金属矿床地质特征的研究,认为锡田矿区钨锡多金属矿体的形态、产状及空间展布严格受岩体接触带及断裂构造控制;矿床类型主要为矽卡岩型,其次为破碎带蚀变岩型、云英岩型等;钨锡多金属成矿作用与岩浆活动密切相关:印支期花岗岩浆侵位形成矽卡岩型钨锡矿(化)体;燕山期花岗岩浆侵位导致早期矿化矽卡岩发生叠加矿化,同时在构造破碎带中形成云英岩型锡矿或破碎带蚀变岩型钨锡多金属矿体,是形成规模巨大的钨锡多金属工业矿床的必要条件.此外,提出了锡田矿区钨锡多金属矿的成矿模式. 相似文献
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永泰无岩坑钼矿体贮存于成矿母岩燕山晚期中粗粒含黑云母花岗岩边缘相细晶质花岗岩硅化褪色蚀变带中,储矿构造主要为花岗岩岩体顶部的内接触带即岩凸构造,以及区域性北西向断裂的次级裂隙。矿床成因属岩浆期后热液充填型。 相似文献
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该文以老君山锡多金属成矿区为研究对象,根据与成矿相关的地质作用的组合特征（加里东期火山喷流沉积成矿作
用、印支期区域变质作用和燕山期花岗岩叠加改造成矿作用）,厘定了三大成矿系列。通过不同成矿系列矿床的稀土元素地
球化学对比研究,发现各成矿系列矿床的稀土元素配分模式具有明显区别如下：Ⅰ. 加里东期海底火山喷流沉积-印支期变
质成矿系列,分布于老君山花岗岩体的北东部外围,其稀土元素配分模式与海相火山喷流沉积岩(岛弧拉斑玄武岩)类似;
Ⅱ. 加里东期海底火山喷流沉积-印支期变质-燕山期花岗岩热液叠加改造成矿系列,分布于老君山花岗岩接触带附近,具
海底火山喷流沉积岩和花岗岩并存的稀土元素配分模式;Ⅲ. 燕山期花岗岩热液成矿系列,位于老君山花岗岩体及接触带,
其稀土元素配分模式与地壳重熔型花岗岩一致。 相似文献
用、印支期区域变质作用和燕山期花岗岩叠加改造成矿作用）,厘定了三大成矿系列。通过不同成矿系列矿床的稀土元素地
球化学对比研究,发现各成矿系列矿床的稀土元素配分模式具有明显区别如下：Ⅰ. 加里东期海底火山喷流沉积-印支期变
质成矿系列,分布于老君山花岗岩体的北东部外围,其稀土元素配分模式与海相火山喷流沉积岩(岛弧拉斑玄武岩)类似;
Ⅱ. 加里东期海底火山喷流沉积-印支期变质-燕山期花岗岩热液叠加改造成矿系列,分布于老君山花岗岩接触带附近,具
海底火山喷流沉积岩和花岗岩并存的稀土元素配分模式;Ⅲ. 燕山期花岗岩热液成矿系列,位于老君山花岗岩体及接触带,
其稀土元素配分模式与地壳重熔型花岗岩一致。 相似文献
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姑婆山钨锡矿田自岩体接触带往内依次分布夕卡岩型、夕卡岩-构造蚀变带复合型钨锡矿及构造蚀变带型锡矿,控矿构造研究表明,锡(钨)矿化及矿体主要受近EW、NE、NW向断裂及断裂与接触带构造复合控制,构造控矿型式多样,并决定矿(化)体的空间定位方式.硫、氢、氧、铅同位素等资料反映出成矿流体和成矿元素来源于燕山早期侵位的姑婆山岩体,不同矿床类型在成因上与岩体密切相关,属于与花岗岩体侵入有关的岩浆热液型矿床,只是风化、剥蚀条件不同,形成了不同的矿床类型. 相似文献
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赣南九龙脑矿田位于南岭构造-岩浆成矿带东段诸广山崇（义）—（大）余—（上）犹钨锡多金属矿集区,其最大特色以九龙脑成矿岩体为中心,产出一系列钨锡银铅锌铌钽多金属矿床（化）,矿化类型包括内带-外带热液石英脉型、矽卡岩型、破碎蚀变带型、云英岩型和蚀变花岗岩型,成矿时代始于印支期,燕山早期大爆发,成矿母岩为富含W、Sn等成矿元素的重熔“S”型花岗岩。本文在系统研究以往地质、地化和物探等资料的基础上,阐述了九龙脑矿田成矿地质特征和地层、构造、岩浆岩控矿作用,以及围绕九龙脑成矿岩体内外接触带由内到外发育高温钨锡矿床—中高温钨铅锌银矿床—中低温金银铅锌矿床的成矿与地球化学分带,总结了该区钨锡多金属矿床受构造-岩浆岩联合控制呈现出“东西成行、北北东—北东成列”的等距性空间分布规律,建立了九龙脑矿田具成因联系的“多位一体”成矿模式。根据上述研究进行了成矿预测,优选九龙脑地区钨锡矿A类预测区4个,钨铅锌银矿、锡矿B类预测区各1个,金银铅锌矿C类预测区1个。 相似文献
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滇东南是我国重要的钨锡多金属成矿区,老君山矿集区是其重要组成部分,围绕燕山期老君山复式花岗岩体,分布有都龙、南秧田、新寨大型-超大型Sn-W多金属矿床及多个中小型矿床(点)。该区地质演化复杂,Sn、W多金属可能存在多期成矿作用,包括燕山期、印支期和加里东期。由于目前该区发现的Sn-W矿化多分布于老君山岩体南、东侧,而岩体北部Sn-W成矿作用的研究相对较薄弱,特别是成矿年代学方面,多数矿床依然缺少精确同位素年代学数据,制约了该区Sn-W多金属成矿作用的认识和地质勘探的深入。长田是老君山岩体北缘代表性W (Sn)多金属矿床,区内加里东期和燕山期花岗岩均有分布,由于缺少年代学数据和地质地球化学研究,W(Sn)成矿作用的认识尚缺少实际地质地球化学依据,难以建立合理的成矿模式,制约了区内地质勘探的深入和突破。基于此,本文通过对长田W (Sn)矿床中白钨矿及共生萤石的Sm-Nd同位素定年,分别获得97 Ma和79 Ma两个年代学数据,显示该矿床钨矿化主成矿期应为燕山晚期,与老君山花岗岩活动时限一致,表明长田钨成矿作用与燕山期老君山花岗岩的侵入活动关系密切,而与加里东期岩浆活动关系不大。该成果丰富了... 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献