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四川盆地东部下三叠统飞仙关组海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探具有巨大的前景,目前已进入地层-岩性油气藏勘探阶段,因 此加强对该区储层发育特征及分布预测的研究显得尤为重要。本文以精细岩心观察和薄片鉴定为基础,结合扫描电镜、物性 和孔隙结构等资料分析,对该区储层发育特征及主控因素进行分析,预测了该区有利储层分布区域。研究区飞仙关组主要的 储集岩类型是白云岩类,鲕粒灰岩次之;物性总体上呈现低孔、低渗的特征,且主要储集空间为粒内溶孔和晶间溶孔;储层类型 主要是裂缝-孔隙型;储层发育程度受控于岩石类型、沉积相带分布、海平面升降、白云岩化作用等因素影响。其中鲕滩发 育区为有利储集相带、相对海平面下降有利于储层孔隙的形成,埋藏成因的粉晶-细晶白云岩、鲕粒白云岩是飞仙关组储层 中最普遍也最为重要的成岩作用类型,也是优质储层形成的关键。综合飞仙关组储层特征及主控因素分析,预测了有利储 层发育区。 相似文献
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对四川盆地北部孤立台地边缘下三叠统飞仙关组鲕滩储层的认识尚存诸多分歧,尤其是在储层白云石化、孔隙类型和成因方面。认为构成储层的主要岩性是残余鲕粒泥晶白云岩、残余鲕粒粉晶白云岩和细晶白云岩,储集空间以粒间孔和鲕模孔为主。沉积微相、鲕粒矿物成分和早期淡水溶蚀作用是储层形成的主控因素,其中相控是基础,是粒间孔发育的关键,鲕粒矿物成分和早期大气淡水溶蚀是鲕模孔形成的决定因素。回流渗透白云石化作用是白云岩形成的关键,其主要贡献在于增加了岩石强度,抑制压溶和胶结作用,使早期孔隙得以保存。埋藏溶蚀作用有两期,分别与有机酸和TSR产物有关,但埋藏溶蚀只是对原有储集空间的有益改造。 相似文献
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川北地区飞仙关组储层特征及其主控因素 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
采用宏观和微观相结合的方法,对川北地区飞仙关组鲕粒滩储层的研究表明,其储集岩类型主要有鲕粒白云岩和鲕粒灰岩,储集空间以次生孔隙为主,储集物性较差,多为低孔、低渗的裂缝-孔隙型和孔隙-裂缝型储层。研究区飞仙关组储层是海平面下降形成的一套产物,储层的发育及演化受到沉积作用和成岩作用的共同控制。二叠纪长兴组生物礁古地貌高地和龙门山岛链的形成,为飞仙关组的沉积提供了高能沉积环境,而相对海平面的下降促进了高能滩体的形成,位于台地边缘的高能鲕粒滩体是储层发育的有利部位;混合水白云化作用和埋藏溶解作用为次生孔隙的形成提供了有利条件,改善了储层的储集性能。 相似文献
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川东北地区下三叠统飞仙关组白云岩储层研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在川东北地区下三叠统飞仙关组沉积相模式研究成果的基础上,详细研究了区内白云岩的岩石类型及储集性。结果表明该区各类白云岩主要孔隙类型为粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、粒间原孔、晶间孔隙、铸模孔、裂缝性溶洞、裂缝等。结合物性资料表明颗粒砂屑溶孔云岩及鲕粒溶孔云岩为Ⅰ类优质储层、鲕粒云岩及砾屑云岩为Ⅱ类好储层、结晶云岩为Ⅲ类较差储层、泥一细粉晶云岩为非储层。 相似文献
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川东北部地区下三叠统飞仙关组鲕滩储层发育控制因素及地质分布规律 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
川东北部地区及其邻区在飞仙关期台地相区可划分为台缘鲕粒坝、鲕粒滩和局限海(潟湖潮坪)三个次级相带。勘探重点储层主要是飞仙关组鲕粒坝(滩)经白云石化及溶蚀作用改造后形成的残余鲕粒云岩类孔隙性储渗体．白云石化作用有三种类型，即混合水白云石化、回流渗透白云石化和埋藏白云石化。其中混合水白云石化是控制优质鲕滩储层发育的主要白云石化类型。溶蚀作用划分为同生期溶蚀作用、第一期埋藏溶蚀作用、第二期埋藏溶蚀作用和第三期埋藏溶蚀作用共四期，其中第一、第二期埋藏溶蚀作用是优质鲕滩储层发育的主要溶蚀作用．鲕滩储层主要发育在台缘鲕粒坝内，鲕粒坝在台地边缘具有较好的稳定性，并随着台地向海槽发展而不断迁移，造成该地区鲕滩及鲕滩储层在平面上大面积分布，纵向上又自东向西明显抬升。鲕粒滩(坝)在环开江-粱平海槽的台地边缘地区分布最为集中，这是鲕滩气藏勘探的最有利区带。 相似文献
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藏北羌塘盆地羌资2井中侏罗统布曲组碳酸盐岩岩石学及储集物性特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文讨论了羌塘盆地羌资2井中侏罗统布曲组碳酸盐岩岩石学及储集物性特征。碳酸盐岩主要有亮晶鲕粒灰岩、白云岩、泥晶灰岩, 以及他们之间的过渡类型; 储集空间主要有孔隙与裂缝两种类型, 表现为孔隙—裂缝组合。孔隙可分为粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、晶间孔、晶间溶孔、沿缝合线等分布的溶孔; 裂缝可 分为构造缝、构造—溶解缝、压溶缝和溶蚀缝。亮晶鲕粒灰岩孔隙度平均值1.084%, 渗透率平均值0.0319× 10-3 mm2; 白云岩孔隙度平均值1.77%, 渗透率平均值0.1591×10-3 mm2; 储集物性特征均为低孔低渗、高排替压力、微-细喉道、分选中等-不好的负偏态细歪度特征。泥晶灰岩和过渡类型灰岩的储集物性特征与亮晶鲕粒灰岩和白云岩相似。最后, 讨论了成岩作用对碳酸盐岩储集物性的影响, 并认为成岩作用对储集物性的不利影响明显大于有利影响。 相似文献
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四川盆地东部下三叠统飞仙关组鲕滩相储集层多为白云岩,主要分布于环开江—梁平盆地的台地边缘相带。岩石学和地球化学特征表明,飞仙关组鲕滩相储集层经历了多期白云岩化作用,其中最重要的一期发生于成岩早期近地表环境,由蒸发海水回流引起,形成的粉晶交代白云石构成了现今白云岩的主体。飞仙关组早期白云岩经历了不同程度的埋藏重结晶作用,形成了不同的岩石结构类型。飞仙关组白云岩的孔隙多为原岩中继承而来,白云岩化作用对储集层发育的意义并非创造孔隙,而是保存已有的孔隙。由于白云岩化作用发生的时间早以及白云岩的抗压溶性质,原生（鲕）粒间孔以及早期大气淡水溶蚀作用形成的鲕模孔/粒内溶孔可以在很大程度上保存下来,构成了现今鲕滩相储集层的主要储集空间。 相似文献
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黄骅坳陷古近系沙一段下部湖相碳酸盐岩储层特征及控制因素 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
对黄骅坳陷古近系沙河街组沙一段下部 20 余口钻井岩心的宏观观察及化验分析,以湖相碳酸盐岩为研究对象,结合常规物性资料和勘探情况,对该区储层基本特征和控制因素进行较详细的研究.研究区储层集中分布于沙一段下部第Ⅲ-Ⅱ小层,储集岩主要为生物灰岩、鲕粒灰(云)岩和泥云岩,晶间溶孔、粒内溶孔、鲕模孔、生物模孔、粒间溶孔和裂缝较发育,储层类型属中孔、中渗孔隙型和低孔、中高渗孔隙-裂缝型.储层是在沉积、成岩和构造作用共同影响下形成的,在滨浅湖生物滩和鲕粒滩沉积体基础上,经混合水和埋藏白云石化、同生-准同生期和埋藏期溶蚀作用及构造作用综合改造,最终从以晶间孔、粒间孔、生物体腔孔和介壳遮蔽孔为主的沉积物转变成以次生孔隙和裂缝占绝对优势的湖相碳酸盐岩储层. 相似文献
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鲕粒灰岩的溶解动力学特征和微观形貌的发育演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
鲕粒灰岩是重要的碳酸盐岩油气储层。通过常温常压下,北京西山鲕粒灰岩的溶解动力学实验发现,鲕粒灰岩的溶解主要受岩石和矿物的结构和化学成分控制。结构上表现为构造裂缝、鲕粒结合纹、颗粒晶体结合带等结构薄弱带优先发生溶蚀。成分上表现为白云岩化组分不仅自身较易溶蚀,而且能促进鲕粒灰岩的整体溶解;粘土矿物、石英等杂质组分常与鲕粒和白云岩化颗粒伴生,其对两者的阻溶效应更大。溶解过程中,鲕粒灰岩的构造裂隙、鲕粒放射结合纹和同心圈层等首先发生溶蚀,产生溶隙、粒内溶孔和粒间溶孔;其次为白云质组分以及白云质组分与方解石结合处而产生晶间溶孔、粒内溶孔;随着溶蚀强度的加强,围绕鲕粒形成环状溶蚀沟,在鲕粒溶蚀脱落后而形成鲕模孔。 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
18.
Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献