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广东凡口铅锌矿碳、氧同位素地球化学特征及其地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
广东凡口超大型铅锌矿床产于泥盆系台地碳酸盐岩中,矿床成因仍存在较大争议。通过含矿地层岩石以及矿石系统的碳、氧同位素分析研究,发现紫色砂岩的褪色蚀变和碳酸盐岩的白云石化与盆地卤水作用密切相关,褪色蚀变砂岩中的碳酸盐胶结物具有显著低的δ^13C和δ^18O值,与矿石中碳酸盐矿物相似,白云石化的碳酸盐岩之δ^13c和δ^18... 相似文献
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荣成地区的M类榴辉岩特别富集18O,这样富18O的榴辉岩在大别山-苏鲁超高压变质带还尚未见报导。异常高的δ18O值表明M类榴辉岩与围岩-大理岩在变质过程中发生过强烈的氧同位素交换。稳定同位素、流体包裹体等证据揭示氧同位素交换可能发生在超高压岩石的折返过程中,由于叠加的麻粒岩相退变质作用使同俯冲的新元古代海相碳酸盐岩发生了去碳酸盐化作用,产生了富CO2的变质流体。这种退变质流体特别富18O,成为M类榴辉岩与围岩碳酸盐岩交换的媒介。所观测到的M类榴辉岩内矿物之间,以及榴辉岩与围岩大理岩之间都基本达到了高温下的氧同位素平衡。由于荣成地区各类榴辉岩记录的变质温度普遍高于大别山和苏鲁南段的榴辉岩,因此这一地区的榴辉岩在折返过程中一般都叠加有麻粒岩相和／或角闪岩相的退变质作用。退变质流体,特别是麻粒岩相退变质期间产生的富CO2流体,是造成这一地区M类榴辉岩有别于其它地区M类榴辉岩-特别富18O的根源。 相似文献
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位于扬子板块西南缘的会泽超大型铅锌矿床,是上扬子铅锌成矿省一系列碳酸盐岩型铅锌矿床中的典型代表.本文以云南会泽铅锌矿区内发育的碳酸盐矿物、赋矿碳酸盐岩等为研究对象,系统研究了C-O同位素组成特征.矿体中脉石碳酸盐矿物δ13C均值-2.82‰、δ18O均值17.70‰,近矿围岩δ13C均值-2.86‰、δ18O均值21.26‰,远矿围岩δ13C均值O.41‰、δ18O均值24.24‰,近矿围岩C-O同位素组成介于脉石方解石和远矿围岩之间,说明成矿流体和围岩之间存在C-O同位素交换.通过对比推测受蚀变地层13C亏损主要由深源流体交代引起,流体自下而上交代矿区石炭纪地层,造成了地层δ13C均值自下而上规律性降低.受蚀变地层18O相对亏损主要由岩溶作用引起,下石炭统摆佐组δ18O均值较上、下临近层位低,说明该地层透水性好,利于含矿流体和岩溶地下水混合,从而引起成矿物质沉淀和矿体就位. 相似文献
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多彩地玛铅锌矿位于青藏高原东北缘的青海玉树地区,夹持于西金乌兰-金沙江缝合带与班公湖-怒江缝合带之间,属于"三江"北段铜铅锌银多金属成矿带。结合区域地质调查及研究现状,对矿区围岩碳酸盐岩和两期热液方解石脉开展了C-O同位素组成分析,对硫化物矿石矿物和重晶石进行了S同位素组成分析。结果表明:赋矿围岩中方解石的δ~(13)C和δ~(18)O值范围分别为-1.6‰~+3.0‰和+21.2‰~+27.6‰,属于正常海相碳酸盐岩沉积,C和O来自海水;方解石脉体的δ~(13)C和δ~(18)O的值范围分别为-1.5‰~+2.1‰和+15.2‰~+20.3‰,C来自海相碳酸盐岩的溶解作用,~(18)O因热液蚀变碳酸盐岩在水/岩反应中同位素交换作用的影响而明显亏损;硫酸盐重晶石的δ~(34)S值范围为+12.3‰~+15.7‰,硫化物方铅矿、闪锌矿和黄铁矿的δ~(34)S值范围为-8.2‰~+5.7‰,峰值为-2.0‰~-3.0‰,反映了总体富轻硫的特征,硫源主要为盆地热卤水萃取地层蒸发岩中硫酸盐,并通过有机质热分解反应还原为低价硫分馏而得到;硫化物较宽的δ~(34)S变化范围反映了成矿物质在盆地内流体活动期间与不同地层单元发生相互作用,盆地内富有机质地层中沉积或生物成因S也有可能为成矿提供了部分硫源。 相似文献
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碱性花岗岩的动力学氧同位素交换和流体流动几何学：交换机制和平流冷却 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
新疆北部乌仑古塔斯嘎克碱性花岗岩体分为主体相和北部边缘相。条纹长石广泛发育出溶；石英与碱性长石复杂交生。条纹长石的出溶衍生出压应力，造成石英的变形。大部分钠铁闪石是由霓辉石交代形成的。在δ^18O石英-δ^18O条纹长石和δ^18O石英-δ^18O钠铁闪石协变图上，应用耦合的质量传输和动力学限制的同位素交换模型对样品进行了模拟。相对交换速率常数和3个矿物的显微组构特征共同指示，表面反应即溶解-再沉淀和管道扩散是氧同位素交换的主要机制。大气降水从塔斯嘎克碱性花岗岩的北部边缘相住主体相发生了平流渗透。北部边缘相样品的较陡的斜率、以及石英和条纹长石较低的^18O亏损程度，被解释为是由于与同位素组成未演化的短路径大气降水在相对较短的时限内发生氧同位素交换造成的。但是，与同位素组成演化了的长路径大气降水在相对较长的时限内的相互作用，导致了主体样品的较缓的斜率以及石英和条纹长石的较高程度的^18O亏损。对于一个侵入岩体的冷却来说，平流冷却与传导冷却一样重要。 相似文献
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对镇（安）旬（阳）矿田泥盆系、志留系铅锌矿的成矿地质条件分析表明，本区泥盆系、志留系铅锌矿总体属层控矿床类型。铅锌矿赋存于下志留统悔子垭组、中志留统双河镇组及中泥盆统大枫沟组、上泥盆统南羊山组；控矿构造为断裂、褶皱，容矿构造为顺层断裂带、剪切带，含矿岩石为含碳砂岩、千枚岩及灰岩、生物灰岩、白云岩；沉积环境为浅水陆棚相、台地边缘及泻湖、潮坪、台地浅海。以旬阳泗人沟为代表的志留系铅锌矿属细碎屑岩沉积强改造型铅锌矿床；以旬阳大岭、赵家庄为代表的泥盆系铅锌矿属碳酸盐岩沉积弱改造型铅锌矿床；以镇安锡铜沟、月西为代表的泥盆系铅锌矿属碳酸盐岩沉积强改造型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
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《矿物岩石》2018,(4)
巧家茂租铅锌矿是滇东北赋存于上震旦统灯影组白云岩地层中的代表性铅锌矿床之一,通过对5件不同产状矿体中与成矿有关的热液成因碳酸盐矿物白云石和方解石样品的C-O同位素示踪分析,发现成矿流体中的碳主要有3种来源:(1)白云石的δ~(13)C_(V-PDB)值介于0.6‰～3.5‰,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)值介于17.9‰～18.5‰,具有明显的海相碳酸盐岩去碳酸盐化来源特征;(2)方解石的δ~(13)C_(V-PDB)值主要集中于-5.7‰～-1.95‰,δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)值介于13.80‰～17.5‰,来自碳酸盐岩的溶解作用;(3)下层矿的方解石δ~(13)C_(V-PDB)值出现了较大负值(δ~(13)C_(V-PDB)=-28.9‰),同时较高的氧同位素值(δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)=17.6‰)显示有机物氧化来源的有机碳同位素组成特征。综合前人的研究成果,认为茂租铅锌矿的形成与二叠纪峨眉山玄武岩浆热液无关,成矿物质除了前人认为的来源于基底地层和赋矿地层,区域上泥盆系碳酸盐岩也是重要的铅锌源。 相似文献
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《矿物学报》2016,(1)
鄂尔多斯盆地北部巴汗淖地区马五6段为风化壳型碳酸盐岩地层,岩性以鲕粒灰岩、晶粒白云岩为主,次生孔隙发育,是重要的油气储集层。采用Finnigan MAT252气体同位素质谱仪分别对该段碳酸盐岩进行C、O同位素测试,详细分析了巴汗淖地区马五6段碳酸盐岩成岩环境及孔隙演化条件。样品分析结果表明:埋藏高温成岩环境使得δ18O值与奥陶纪海水的δ18O值相比明显偏负,且白云岩δ18O值与灰岩δ18O值相比偏负,主要是埋藏白云石化作用的结果;δ13C值与奥陶纪海水δ13C值相当,极个别数值偏负,说明研究区马五6段在成岩作用过程中受有机碳影响较小,表明成岩作用发生在浅-中埋藏条件下。研究区孔隙度、渗透率的相关关系明显,主要是大气淡水成岩作用的改造,优化了孔隙及渗流通道,提高了储层的物性。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献