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九华山国家地质公园晶洞花岗岩的发现及意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
九华山地质公园内首次发现了晶洞花岗岩。晶洞多呈圆球状,大小不一,常呈串珠状发育,其内大都发育完整的水晶。九华山晶洞花岗岩的发现有助于更好地理解区内中生代构造岩浆活动及演化过程,并为地质公园提供了更为丰富的地质旅游资源。 相似文献
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柯村花岗斑岩位于九华山国家地质公园西部,九华山岩体西侧。LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明:该花岗斑岩的侵入时间为125.8±0.9 Ma,与九华山岩体的侵入时间相近,属于早白垩世岩浆活动的产物; 九华山柯村花岗斑岩富硅、富碱、富集不相容元素,亏损Sr、Ba、Ti等元素,具有较高的10 000×Ga/Al值和锆石饱和温度,地球化学特征与A型花岗岩相似,形成于伸展构造环境,表明在125 Ma左右,皖南地区已经由早期相对挤压的构造环境转变为伸展构造环境。 相似文献
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本文从探讨人类对自然资源的认识、利用方式和属地管理的演变出发,叙述地质公园的发展历史,将其过程分成四个阶段：① 萌芽阶段;② 国家/欧洲地质公园阶段;③ 世界地质公园阶段和 ④ 联合国教科文组织世界地质公园阶段。不同阶段各具特征,反映了人类在了解、保护和利用自然资源的意识和方法的不断进步,指出现在世界地质公园的理念、地质遗迹资源的保护和利用、发展模式是适合当今社会发展的新思路,展现出美好的前景。对国家/欧洲/世界/联合国教科文组织世界地质公园的历史回顾和管理制度等内容的详细记述,可供地质公园从业者、研究者和管理者参考。 相似文献
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龙岩地质公园位于福建西部地区。在地球演化过程中,地质公园记录了华南中生代从印支期陆内造山构造体系向古太平洋板块俯冲构造体系的转换过程,是研究中国东南部中生代大地构造演化的关键地区。文章分析了拟建龙岩世界地质公园的地质遗迹、自然资源和人文资源的类型,通过对比,认为它们具有独特性和重要的地质学、美学、教育学及旅游学价值。按照联合国教科文组织世界地质公园的标准和要求,指出了申报龙岩世界地质公园还存在的差距,并提出了相应的改进建议。通过全面分析研究,文章认为申报和创建龙岩联合国教科文组织世界地质公园是可行的。 相似文献
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解析联合国教科文组织世界地质公园标准 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
2015年11月,世界地质公园正式成为联合国教科文组织的一个品牌,同时颁布了《国际地球科学和地质公园计划章程》(UNESCO,2015a)和《联合国教科文组织世界地质公园操作指南》(UNESCO,2015b),对世界地质公园的管理、组织架构、标准、申报、评估和再评估及活动等提出了明确的要求。中国是世界地质公园的创始国之一,拥有教科文组织世界地质公园的数量居各国之首。几年来的实践表明,一些地质公园和地方政府管理机构对世界地质公园的概念和标准的理解尚存在偏差,造成了工作上的被动局面。本文基于中国世界地质公园的实际状况,针对当前存在的现实问题,对教科文组织世界地质公园的标准进行解析,尤其对其范围、边界、品牌叠加等方面进行详细解读,以期对我国今后教科文组织地质公园的健康发展有所裨益。 相似文献
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世界地质公园的发展近况和东南亚地质遗迹
的保护现状 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
20世纪90年代以来,不少地球科学家致力于世界地质遗产的保护工作,在联合国教科文组织地学部的领导下,历时4年开展了2轮地质公园的可行性研究,并于1997年正式获得教科文组织大会批准,推动了地质公园的建立。在1996年北京第30届国际地质大会上,欧洲地质学家酝酿了欧洲地质公园网络的组建,取得了欧盟的支持。2000年,欧洲地质公园网和中国国家地质公园正式建立,2004年首批25家世界地质公园在巴黎联合国教科文组织总部正式通过评审并批准．经4批评审现已有52家世界地质公园正式建立。10余年的发展为地质公园的建设积累了丰富的经验。以中国和马来西亚为代表的东亚、东南亚国家,不仅具有丰富的地质遗产,而且在推动地质公园建设方面也发挥着榜样的作用,但各国的发展还很不平衡。 相似文献
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目前世界地质公园网络(GGN)共有90个成员, 分布在27个国家和地区, 尽管在这个网络建立过程中, 联合国教科文组织起着关键作用, 但在过去十多年里, 其与地质公园的关系只能被定义为“特别支持”, 眼下两者的关系应该在一个国际倡议或计划下被正式化, 这将有利于进一步提高地质公园的管理、交流合作和资源利用。实现该目标, 就要清晰地阐明地质公园核心的独有特色, 使地质公园与联合国教科文组织已实施的计划形成互补, 不会产生冲突或重叠。本文介绍的PPF理念将会是一个有效的方法, 以此创建一个过硬的品牌, 彰显地质公园在UNESCO世界级名录中的特殊地位。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献