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为获取西北地区典型河谷型城市的场地剪切波速分布特征,应用数理统计方法分析了天水市1294组不同岩土体的剪切波速数据,并比较分析了不同地貌单元的等效剪切波速。结果显示,不同岩土体的剪切波速均具有随深度变化或风化程度差异而引起的较大变化区间,其区间差值为467～982m/s不等;不同岩土体的剪切波速分布均呈现出正态分布特征,其峰值区间和优势区间的剪切波速值可以反映岩土体的物理性状;粉土、粉质粘土、卵石和圆砾等松散堆积体的剪切波速与深度具有很好的相关性和拟合函数,而泥岩、砂岩和砾岩等成岩体的剪切波速与深度相关性较差,其剪切波速大小主要受岩体的裂隙发育和风化程度影响;不同地貌单元结合部位较单一地貌单元的等效剪切波速为大;II类场地等效剪切波速变化范围为152~319m/s,III类场地等效剪切波速变化范围为122~228m/s。该场地不同岩土体的剪切波速分布特征具有普遍一致性,反映了典型河谷城市的地层分布及地层岩性。 相似文献
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为获取西北地区典型河谷型城市的场地剪切波速分布特征,应用数理统计方法分析了天水市1 294组不同岩土体的剪切波速数据,比较分析了不同地貌单元的等效剪切波速。结果显示,不同岩土体的剪切波速均具有随深度变化或风化程度差异而引起的较大变化区间,其区间差值为467~982m/s不等;不同岩土体的剪切波速分布均呈现出正态分布特征,其峰值区间和优势区间的剪切波速值可以反映岩土体的物理性状;粉土、粉质粘土、卵石和圆砾等松散堆积体的剪切波速与深度具有很好的相关性和拟合函数,而泥岩、砂岩和砾岩等成岩体的剪切波速与深度相关性较差,其剪切波速大小主要受岩体的裂隙发育和风化程度影响;不同地貌单元结合部位较单一地貌单元的等效剪切波速为大;Ⅱ类场地等效剪切波速变化范围为152~319m/s,Ⅲ类场地等效剪切波速变化范围为122~228m/s。该场地不同岩土体的剪切波速分布特征具有普遍一致性,反映了典型河谷城市的地层分布及地层岩性。 相似文献
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判断剪切波到达时间并计算相应的剪切波速是弯曲元试验的关键问题之一。受到试验仪器差异和研究者波速判断主观性的影响,很难客观地、准确地获得土体的剪切波速。针对该问题,提出采用侧装式弯曲元测试系统测量剪切波传播时间和土体的剪切波速,利用上海典型的淤泥质黏土进行试验,分别采用初达波法、特征值法和互相关法计算土体的剪切波速。试验结果表明,（1）初达波法在信号判定过程主观性较大,土体剪切波速受发射信号频率的影响明显;（2）采用第二峰值点（特征点法）得到的试验结果波动性较小;（3）在满足相似性的前提下,互相关法在一定频率范围内（20～30 kHz）提高了确定剪切波速的客观性,降低了因试验者或激发频率的不同对试验结果产生较大影响的可能性。 相似文献
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表层土剪切波速的不确定性对地表设计谱平台值的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
土层剪切波速对地表反应谱有重要的影响。选取构建了不同场地类别的235个场地地震反应模型,人工合成了12条强弱及频谱特性不同的加速度时程,运用一维土层地震反应的等效线性化波动方法,研究了不同地震动输入下表层土剪切波速的不确定性对设计谱平台值的影响,统计给出了表层土剪切波速的变异率与地表设计反应谱平台值间的经验公式。结果表明:地表设计反应谱平台值与表层土剪切波速的变异率呈负相关关系,即随表层土剪切波速变异率的增大而减小;不同地震波输入条件下各类场地类别地表设计谱平台高度与表层土剪切波速变异率的数学模型为一阶指数函数。 相似文献
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国内常规土类剪切波速与埋深的统计关系公式(刘红帅等《常规土类剪切波速与埋深的关系分析》一文中,表2—5中的幂函数和一元二次函数模型公式)作为全国性经验公式,已成为地区经验公式检验对比的重要参考,但缺乏较系统的可靠性评价。为此,选取国内典型地区(北京、鲁西、成都、天津、常州、武汉6个区域)的剪切波速与埋深的统计经验公式,检验全国性常规土类剪切波速与埋深经验公式的可靠性。结果表明:幂函数模型预测的剪切波速随深度增大而增大,符合定性认识,而一元二次模型有可能出现不合理的回弯反常现象,不应继续采用。全国性剪切波速经验公式在不同地区的预测精度差异显著,在大多数地区对于绝大数土类预测的相对误差总体在±20%以内,在少数地区对于大数土类预测的相对误差超过±20%,仅在近地面20 m内的相对误差较大,最大可达40%左右。建议优先选择适合当地的剪切波速经验公式;当缺乏本地公式,需选用全国性剪切波速幂函数型经验公式时,应先经过本地实测资料检验确认后方可使用;20 m范围的剪切波速最好以实测为准,这有助于降低全国性剪切波速经验公式带来的显著误差。 相似文献
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上海地区场地剪切波速的特征分析 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
通过对上海地区场地剪切波速资料的统计分析,较深入地探讨了上海地区场地剪切波速在100m深度内的分布范围及其变化规律,可在工程实践中参考使用。 相似文献
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波速扁铲侧胀仪（SDMT）是由标准的扁铲侧胀仪（DMT）和测量剪切波速砜的地震测试模块组成。综合描述了SDMT试验方法,对SDMT和钻孔波速试验测出的剪切波速砜比较,以及SDMT的液化判别初步分析。SDMT在南京的测试应用证明了SDMT的可靠性。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献