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详细描述了北羌塘乌兰乌拉湖地区白垩纪地层剖面，将区内白垩系划分为错居日组和桑恰山组。沉积相分析表明，乌兰乌拉湖地区错居日组主要为冲积扇至河流相沉积，岩性及厚度变化较大，而桑恰山组为湖泊、湖三角洲至河流相沉积。初步认为错居日组为早日垩世地层，桑恰山组为早白垩世晚期至晚白垩世地层。 相似文献
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前人研究表明西藏南羌塘盆地存在中三叠世地层,然而一直以来缺乏确凿的古生物化石证据.在西藏改则县古姆乡座倾错地区原被划为晚三叠世日干配错组的地层中测制了两条剖面,在硅质岩样品中分析和鉴定出18属33种（含未定种）放射虫化石,主要分子包括Cryptostephanidium longispinosum（Sashida）、Eptingium manfredi Dumitrica、Falcispongus falciformis Dumitrica、Hindeosphaera spinulosa（Nakaseko et Nishimura）、Muelleritortis firmum（Gorican）、Oertlispongus inaequispinosus Dumitrica,Kozur et Mostler、Paroertlispongus chinensis（Feng）、Paroertlispongus hermi（Lahm）、Paroertlispongus weddigei Lahm、Paurinella aequispinosa Kozur et Mostler、Pseudostylosphaera coccostyla（Rüst）、Pseudostylosphaera compacta（Nakaseko et Nishimura）、Pseudostylosphaera gracilis Kozur et Mostler、Pseudostylosphaera japonica（Nakaseko et Nishimura）、Pseudostylosphaera nazarovi（Kozur et Mostler）、Pseudostylosphaera tenue（Nakaseko et Nishimura）、Triassocampe imitata Bragin、Triassospongosphaera triassica（Kozur et Mostler）.座倾错放射虫化石组合指示这段地层时代为中三叠世安尼期晚期-拉丁期早期.结合之前的工作积累,将南羌塘盆地三叠系划分为表示稳定型浅海相碳酸盐岩沉积的下三叠统孜狮桑组、表示半深海-深海相碎屑岩-硅质岩沉积的中三叠统座倾错组、上三叠统日干配错组以及上三叠统-下侏罗统萨门熊组.该发现为了解中三叠世南羌塘地区的真实面貌提供了地层学和古生物学证据,也进一步证明中三叠世南羌塘盆地不是陆地剥蚀区或隆起区,而是一种半深海-深海相沉积区. 相似文献
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以北羌塘盆地多格错仁地区为例,重点分析和论述了该地区地层、构造组合及其空间展布规律,指出北羌塘盆地多格错仁地区多级复式褶曲及与其匹配的边界断裂所构成的三级构造单元,呈现帚状构造组合特征,进而提出北羌塘盆地为一大型帚状旋扭构造体系。油气找寻的战略方向应在该体系向东南撤开的方向上,重点是多格错仁—赤布张错一带的广大区域。 相似文献
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羌塘盆地构造改造强度划分与油气远景区分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
位于青藏高原腹地的羌塘盆地是经历了多期构造改造的改造型盆地。通过对盆地地层暴露程度、变质作用．火山-岩浆活动和构造变形强度综合研究，将羌塘盆地划分为弱构造改造区、中等强改造区和强改造区3种改造类型。在此基础上，结合生、储、盖层特征、保存条件、构造条件和地表油气显示，采用多重信息叠合法将羌塘盆地划分为油气有利区、较有利区、较差区和不利区，其中吐坡错-确旦错-半岛湖地区、白滩湖-波涛湖地区、比洛错东-土门地区和长梁山-黑尖山地区为盆地油气有利远景区。 相似文献
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在西藏羌塘盆地昂达尔错地区前人划分的上三叠统角木日茶卡组中发现了二叠纪化石分子Acanthopecten cf.coloradoensis(Newbrry)和Pterinopectinella?sp.,结合岩石组合特征,经过进一步开展生物年代对比及区域地层对比,将该套角木日茶卡组重新厘定为中二叠统龙格组,从而首次将羌塘盆地东南侧出露地层的时代下限由原来的上三叠统修正至中二叠统,增添了新的古生物化石证据。首次明确了中央隆起带东段的南羌塘地区中新生代之下存在晚古生代地层,为今后更深入研究羌塘盆地零星出露的古生代地层及地质演化提供了重要基础资料。 相似文献
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《沉积与特提斯地质》2005,25(1):16-27
地层古生物方面，(1)建立和重新厘定了8个群级、24个组级及多个非正式(岩石)地层单位和填图单位；(2)在雅西尔沟一带，将泥盆系厘定为兽形湖组和拉竹龙组；(3)万泉河北部一带的原泥盆系雅西尔群，依据化石成果被重新厘定为下三叠统，并新建万泉河群；(4)发现下白垩统铁隆滩群与上侏罗统松木西错群等角度不整合接触关系；(5)新近系康托组角度不整合于下伏地层之上，在康托组一、二段间发现角度不整合接触关系；(6)初步将羌塘地层区原划分的前泥盆系阿木岗群改为石炭-二叠系；(7)初步查明了霍尔巴错群岩石组合等基本特征；(8)进一步确定了区内三叠系肖茶卡群与下伏地层间的角度不整合接触关系；(9)在三岛湖侏罗系实测地层剖面上采集了大量古生物化石。岩石方面：(1)在托和平错一带新填绘出大量基性岩墙和酸性岩株(脉)；(2)初步认为展金组火山岩形成于洋岛环境，时代为早二叠世；(3)否定了托和平错一带分布有新生代火山岩出露的结论；(4)新发现了甜水湖北新生代碱性火山岩，初步确定其时代较鱼鳞山火山岩新。构造上，确定了窝尔巴错-拜惹布错断裂带为喀喇昆仑地块和羌塘地块的分界断裂，基本查明了断裂带特征及构造属性。矿产方面，新发现一处大型砂金矿。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献