共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
东北大兴安岭北段蛇绿岩的时空分布及与区域构造演化关系的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大兴安岭北段作为中亚造山带东段重要组成单元,该区域的构造背景一直悬而未决,它涉及兴安与松辽地块基底属性、额尔古纳地块亲缘性以及三者之间的拼贴位置、时限和方式等众多科学问题。蛇绿岩作为研究造山带的重要工具之一,不仅是古板块或微地块的重要边界,而且是认识地幔组成和壳幔演化的重要窗口。然而大兴安岭北段蛇绿岩却鲜有报道。根据近年来野外工作及结合前人研究成果,文章探讨了蛇绿岩形成时代及构造环境。研究表明：(1)大兴安岭北段蛇绿岩整体呈北东向展布,但时代跨越较大,主要包括新元古代、早奥陶世-志留纪、石炭纪-二叠纪;(2)大兴安岭北段蛇绿岩均有E-MORB地球化学特征,其中新元古代的蛇绿岩明显亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta,而晚古生代的蛇绿岩则相对富集高场强元素;(3)大兴安岭北段新元古代蛇绿岩可能形成于洋内岛弧环境,记录着前寒武纪陆弧碰撞信息,而早奥陶世-志留纪蛇绿岩可能与早古生代弧盆体系演化相关。尽管上述认识为大兴安岭北段古生代的地球动力学背景研究提供了新的依据,但大兴安岭北段蛇绿岩仍存在较多问题亟须解决。 相似文献
2.
西秦岭天水地区关子镇蛇绿岩锆石LA-ICP-MSU-Pb定年 总被引：19，自引：1，他引：19
秦岭造山带商丹缝合带的西延部分在天水地区以出露的关子镇蛇绿岩为标志,该蛇绿岩的形成时代是探讨秦岭造山带构造格局与演化的关键.在室内外综合研究的基础上,从该蛇绿岩的辉长岩中精选锆石,通过锆石的CL显微图像进行锆石形态学研究,结合U、Th含量特征,证明本次用于定年的锆石为岩浆成因.辉长岩中的锆石LA-ICP-MS定年给出U-Pb年龄为471 Ma±1.4Ma(MSWD=1.03,2σ),代表了辉长岩的结晶时代,也限定了关子镇蛇绿岩的形成时代.结合已有的地质、地球化学研究成果,认为秦岭商丹古洋盆存在的时限至少可延续至470Ma.该年龄的确定为深入研究和认识秦岭造山带古生代的构造格局及其演化提供了新的证据. 相似文献
3.
火成岩构造组合与壳-幔成矿系统 总被引：50，自引：0，他引：50
讨论了火成岩构造组合,指出不能单纯地运用化学图解,强调要结合岩相学、岩石组合特征研究,要注意区分区域与局部的构造环境。指出双峰式火成岩组合的确切含义是指缺乏中性成员,而不单看化学图解的几何形态,讨论了伸展与挤压对双峰式和钙碱性火成岩组合的可能约束。指出由蛇绿岩套再造的古构造历史可能是残缺的,结合弧火成岩的厘定可在某些方面弥补这个不足,讨论了弧火成岩组成极性形成的可能原因。讨论了大陆碰撞造山带的火成岩构造组合类型及其在再造造山带的边界性质、造山带演化历史中的重要意义。指出大陆裂谷带的火成岩常呈组成对称的水平分带,而不同于弧火成岩的组成极性。讨论了岩浆构造热事件及其序列的重要意义,提出大陆碰撞造山带具类似于变质作用的顺时针演化的事件序列,而大洋俯冲造山带则具反时针演化的事件序列。最后,强调并讨论了“壳幔岩浆流体成矿系统”的科学命题,提出从壳幔这个大系统来考察成矿作用是很重要的 相似文献
4.
5.
青海天峻南山蛇绿岩的地质特征及其形成环境 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
青海天峻南山蛇绿岩为本次1：5万区调中首次发现，从其中地质特征，岩石化学及地球化学特征反映出陆内裂谷扩张的早石炭世小洋盆构造环境，它的发现对于重新认识宗务隆造山地质属性，地球动力学机制，与祁连造山带，柴达木地块的构造关系以及研究古特提斯洋演化提供了新的依据。 相似文献
6.
大别山造山带北缘构造变形及其演化刘文灿，谭应佳，王果胜，马文璞（中国地质大学，北京，１０００８３）大别山造山带为秦岭造山带的东延，它处于华北板块和扬子板块之间，是两者对接碰撞的产物。大别山北缘的北淮阳构造带为该造山带的重要组成部分，其构造变形的演化在... 相似文献
7.
康西瓦-苏巴什-鲸鱼湖混杂岩带作为昆仑造山带一条重要的混杂岩带,通常被认为是古特提斯洋的残存带,其形成时限一直受到地质界的密切关注。在该带新识别出一套蛇绿岩,采用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年,获得该蛇绿岩铁镁质单元中辉长岩的年龄为270.3±0.7Ma(MSWD=0.65),枕状玄武岩年龄为263.4±7.4Ma(MSWD=1.5),属于晚二叠世,代表蛇绿岩的形成年龄。通过岩石地球化学特征、区域背景等分析,认为其形成于洋中脊环境,属于典型的MORB型蛇绿岩。结合主量、微量元素特征、构造环境及同位素年龄讨论,认为古特提斯洋主洋盆至少持续到晚二叠世。 相似文献
8.
北山月牙山蛇绿岩地球化学特征及SHRIMP定年 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
北山造山带是天山—兴蒙造山带的关键枢纽地带,该地区蛇绿岩系统的地质—地球化学研究,对于探讨中亚造山带的演化有着非常重要的意义。系统报道了月牙山蛇绿岩的主量元素、微量元素、Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf同位素组成及SHRIMP年代学研究成果。蛇绿岩套中斜长花岗岩的精细SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为(536±7)Ma,表明该蛇绿岩形成于早寒武世晚期。月牙山蛇绿岩中蚀变橄榄岩、变基性岩系统的地球化学特征推测其应形成于与岛弧无关的构造环境。结合区域地质特征分析表明它应形成于板内深大断裂—初始裂谷演化至陆间有限小洋盆构造环境。 相似文献
9.
北补连蛇绿岩的特征,形成环境及其构造意义 总被引：23，自引：4，他引：23
文中总结了北祁连蛇绿岩的特征，指出北祁连蛇绿岩大多具有ＭＯＲＢ的性质，有玻安岩产生，形成在弧后和岛弧环境，北祁连蛇绿岩大多侵位在岛弧增生楔或活动陆缘地体之上，蛇绿岩属于科迪勒拉型，早古生代的北祁连造山带属于科迪勒拉型造山带，部分蛇绿岩之上整合产出一套沉积一火山岩系，称为蛇绿岩的上覆岩系，指出蛇绿岩及其上覆岩系的枕状熔岩分别来自不同的源区，具有不同的构造意义，还讨论了北祁连早古生代板块构造格局，认为 相似文献
10.
造山带火山岩研究 总被引：17，自引：4，他引：17
造山带火山岩石学研究的主要目的在于重溯造山带的构造－岩浆演化历史。纵观我国以至全球的大陆造山带形成、演化历史，一个造山带往往经历了古大陆裂解、洋陆转换、陆块拼合－碰撞、陆内伸展－盆山耦合和新构造隆升（陆内造山）等众多不同的构造演化阶段，这些不同的构造演化阶段和不同的构造环境均有特定火山岩浆作用与这相伴。因此，可以根据造山带形成、演化不同阶段火山岩浆作用的特点来重溯造山带的构造－岩浆演化历史，进而从更大尺度上加以对比，探索全球动力学乃至比较行星动力学等重大科学问题。本文对造山带火山岩石学研究中的一些重要问题进行了讨论和评述，这些问题包括：板块内部火山岩浆活动、离散板块边界上的火山岩浆活动、会聚板块边缘的火山岩浆活动。 相似文献
11.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
13.
奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
17.
Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
18.
《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
19.
Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献
20.
Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献