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加强煤田地质勘查 提高煤炭生产的资源保障能力 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
煤炭是我国的主体能源，是我国能源安全的基石，在国民经济中具有重要的战略地位。在新的历史条件下，以科学发展观统领煤炭地质工作全局，按照构建新型煤炭工业体系的要求，加强加快煤炭资源勘查，是提高我国煤炭资源保障程度、缓解煤炭供需矛盾、促进煤炭工业可持续发展的重要措施，也是构建资源节约型、环境友好型社会的必然要求。 相似文献
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《地下水》2017,(3)
宁东煤炭基地地处宁夏中东部,区域水资源匮乏,目前基地规划发展煤炭采选、燃煤发电、煤化工多个高耗水行业,导致水资源供需矛盾将日益紧张。本文针对宁东煤炭基地水资源开发利用现状进行计算分析,得出宁东煤炭基地工业用水量占基地用水总量的92%以上,基地内煤炭采选、燃煤发电、煤化工等高耗水工业高速发展面临着水资源条件的重大压力,亟需控制基地工业取水量,使未来宁东基地需水量与区域水资源条件相适应。在此背景下考虑我国煤炭行业产能过剩影响,以2015年宁东煤炭基地发展现状和2020年近期发展规划为依据,在分析宁东煤炭基地煤炭采选、燃煤发电和煤化工行业内不同生产工艺比重基础上,提出基于不同生产工艺路径的煤炭基地水资源需求预测方法,预测宁东煤炭基地2020年不同情景下的水资源需求量,为强化煤炭基地水资源管理提供支撑。 相似文献
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1月8日．局党组召开中心组学习（扩大）会议,认真传达学习洪礼和副省长在我局考察工作时的重要讲话精神．研究贯彻落实意见。局党组要求全局各级党组织、各单位和广大职工群众要以洪礼和副省长重要讲话精神为指导,深入贯彻落实科学发展观．坚持六个“坚定不移”,推动全局各项工作再上新的台阶,以优异成绩回报省委省政府的亲切关怀和巨大支持。 相似文献
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新疆维吾尔自治区是煤炭资源大省,煤炭资源是新疆优势资源转换战略的重要保障,据新疆煤田地质局完成的第三次煤炭资源预测,新疆煤炭预测资源量为1.82万亿t,占全国煤炭资源预测总量的40%。近五a来,新疆煤田地质局以重点矿区的煤炭和煤层气综合勘查为基础,以探采结合为重点,以加强质量管理为保证,取得了丰硕的找矿成果。目前,新疆煤炭已由满足内需进入到弥补、支援全国需求的重要发展阶段。在加快新疆煤炭资源勘查开发的新形势下,煤田地质工作还存在投入不足、人才缺乏、环境不佳等急需解决的问题,据此提出了应加强煤炭和煤层气综合勘探、加快人才队伍建设、深入开展煤炭科学研究等方面的工作,以促进煤田地质工作的科学发展。 相似文献
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局党组成员、副局长戴民主2月2日在局年度工作会议总结讲话中强调指出,这次会议是在全局贯彻落实党的十七届四中全会、中央及省经济工作会议精神．深入实施“地矿立局”发展战略的重要时刻召开的一次大会。会议内容非常丰富,会议围绕全局创新发展提出了许多新思路、新举措、新要求,全局干部职工一定要以饱满的热情和务实的精神,认真贯彻落实好会议精神。具体要做到六个“坚定不移”： 相似文献
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以煤炭基地的水体为研究对象,以煤炭基地水污染研究理论体系的建立为研究重点,在分析中国能源形势和煤炭基地发展现状的基础上,通过查阅大量文献资料,并结合陕北煤炭基地实际情况,有针对性地提出煤炭基地水污染研究理论体系框架,具体分析了该体系五个组成部分的研究目的、研究内容和研究成果用途,在此基础上以陕北煤炭基地水污染问题为研究实例实践这一理论体系。结果表明：煤炭基地水污染研究理论体系由煤炭基地水污染背景条件研究、现状研究、机理研究、发展趋势研究和防治对策研究组成;陕北煤炭基地超过80%的地下水属于轻微污染和未污染,地表水存在一定程度的污染;窟野河大部分水化学组成从上游向下游呈先升高后降低的趋势;陕北煤炭基地未来地下水主要污染区分布在榆林市榆阳区、金鸡滩镇、神木县锦界、神木县城、大柳塔镇、府谷县城等;对原有污染严重的企业进行技术改造做到清洁生产,在企业相对集中的区域采取污水厂统一处理进行,新建企业必须进行污水处理设计,对生活污水采取土地渗滤或污水厂处理,固体废弃物要做无害化处理,农业生产中要求合理施肥。 相似文献
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矿业城市矿产资源可持续力比较评价 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
从发展和循环经济的观点看, 由于科技进步的贡献, 矿产资源不仅取决于现今已发现的矿产资源, 还依赖于未来新的和潜在的矿产资源以及替代资源.基于此, 提出“矿产资源可持续力”新概念, 以表征其对人类社会发展的贡献能力.以系统论与可持续发展理论为基石, 建立了“矿产资源可持续力”概念模型及其指标体系, 以及区际间矿产资源可持续力的六因子评价模型, 对中国50座典型矿业城市进行了比较评价, 指出其可持续力演变规律为: 从矿业类型来看, 可持续力沿着石油、综合、冶金、煤炭类逐渐劣化; 从城市发展阶段来看, 沿着中、幼、老年顺序依次下降; 从城市地理分布来看, 沿着东、西、中部逐渐下降; 从城市规模来看, 按照小型、大型及以上、中型城市顺序依次下降.为国家开发矿业城市和矿业城市可持续发展提供了科学的决策依据. 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献