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西秦岭李坝金矿床成矿物质来源探讨 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
李坝金矿床为一大型微细浸染型矿床，产于中川花岗岩杂岩体外接触带的中泥盆统中。岩石地球化学资料表明，中川花岗岩杂岩体属不含金岩体。硫、氢、氧、碳、铅同位素、稀土元素、流体包裹体成分等资料表明，成矿溶液以大气降水为主，次为变质水（地层水）；成矿物质主要来自容矿围岩，部分来自前中泥盆世地层。 相似文献
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栖霞金矿矿物、流体和同位素特征及意义 总被引：11，自引：2，他引：9
栖霞金矿床伴生的黑钨矿是低温热液的产物。成矿流体的成分与典型的大气降水热液组分相类似,其δ１８Ｏ约为－３．６‰～４．５‰,δＤ约为－５６‰～－９５‰,变化范围较大,但这些氢、氧同位素值很好地反映了大气降水在不同温度和Ｗ／Ｒ比值条件下与胶东群变质岩交换后的分布特征,成矿作用以Ｗ／Ｒ比值较低为特点。金矿床的Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ等时线年龄为１２５．８×１０６ａ,与胶东群变质岩系和混合花岗岩的时差较大,矿化物质的Ｓｒ同位素初始比高达０．７１６８,大气降水深循环对流作用是形成栖霞金矿床的主要原因。 相似文献
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胶东牟平金矿矿石、硫化物钕同位素组成及地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
山东牟平金矿是胶东半岛东部近年来探明及开采的赋存于花岗岩岩体中的大型石英多金属硫化物脉状金矿床。含金多金属硫化物的钕同位素研究表明牟平金矿的成矿物质具有多源性，即来自成矿作用同期的镁铁质胶岩和控矿围岩昆嵛山花岗岩。结合前人对昆嵛山花岗岩，镁铁质脉岩，金矿床的成矿成岩时代及碳、氢、氧等同位素研究，得出成矿流体来源于脉岩岩浆水和广泛淋滤围岩的大气降水的混合。文章不仅阐明了慢源物质在金的成矿作用过程中起了重要的作用，而且表明钕同位素是示踪热液型脉状金矿床成矿物质及成矿流体来源的有效手段之一。 相似文献
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华南花岗岩铀矿H、O、S、Pb同位素研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
据华南数省花岗岩铀矿蚀变粘土矿物多数δ^18Om6.22-7.24,δDm-60-72,δ^18OH3o 3.05--3.07,δDH2O-20.2--37.5(%)，矿床硫同位素相对富S^32及方铅矿的Pb同位素组成变化较大等。笔者认为花岗岩铀矿是浅源花岗岩经循环加热的大气降水，活化转移花岗岩中铀，于断裂局部有利部位成矿。 相似文献
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《化工矿产地质》2021,43(1)
通过对前人所做典型萤石矿床和区域萤石矿床锶、氢氧同位素地球化学资料的综合研究,从锶、氢氧同位素地球化学特征角度分析了中国萤石矿床的物质来源和萤石矿形成时成矿流体的性质及来源。由锶同位素地球化学资料综合分析得出:以灰岩为主要围岩的沉积改造型及部分热液充填型萤石矿床成矿物质主要来源于其围岩灰岩;以火山岩、火山碎屑岩为主要围岩的热液充填型萤石矿床其成矿物质主要来自于围岩火山岩、火山碎屑岩;以花岗岩为主要围岩的热液充填型萤石矿其成矿物质来源于围岩花岗岩。由氢氧同位素地球化学资料综合分析得出:以灰岩、花岗岩为主要围岩的沉积改造型萤石矿床其成矿流体既有岩浆水和大气降水的混合液,也有大气降水,所有萤石矿床中的巨晶萤石的氢氧同位素组成都落在大气降水线附近,其成矿流体以大气降水为主。 相似文献
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南坑萤石矿床萤石包裹体特征及成因研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对南坑萤石包裹体研究发现,成矿热液温度、压力、盐度低;成分以F~-,Ca~(2+)为主;CO_2/H_2O比值小;fo_2低;氢氧同位素组成与当地大气降水同位素组成特征相同,表明南坑产于花岗岩断裂破碎带中的萤石矿床,成矿热液与物质来源都与花岗岩岩浆期后热液活动没有发生直接联系,属于与大气降水活动密切相关的脉状萤石矿床。 相似文献
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在研究燕辽太古宙变质岩地区金矿矿床地质和铅、硫、氧、氢等同位素地球化学特征基础上，建立了统一的成矿模式：成矿物质主要来源于太古宙变质岩，成矿溶液主要来源于大气降水；与矿化关系密切的燕山期花岗岩由太古宙变质岩部分重熔形成，它是金矿的重要热源，促使热水溶液淋滤古老矿源层中的金等而成矿。 相似文献
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新疆望峰金矿成矿流体的He、Ar同位素示踪 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文采用稀有气体同位素质谱方法,通过分析望峰金矿石中载金黄铁矿流体包裹体He、Ar同位素组成,对成矿流体进行示踪研究。结果显示,黄铁矿流体包裹体3He/4He比值为0.00473～0.01079Ra,40Ar/36Ar比值为301～413,具地壳放射性成因氦同位素组成和大气降水成因氩同位素组成,总体显示由大气降水改造而成的地壳流体特征。望峰金矿成矿流体中He同位素组成异常,是成矿前大气降水与高U、Th含量古老容矿围岩作用遭受放射性成因4He稀释、成矿时发生流体减压沸腾综合作用的结果,Ar同位素组成异常是成矿前大气降水下渗获取容矿围岩放射性成因40Ar的结果,成矿流体是大气降水深循环的产物。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
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岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献