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概述了南京市水西北市民广场地质环境背景,分析了广场建设和灾害发生过程中存在的工程地质条件、工程、管理等方面的问题,剖析了该滑坡产生的机制,针对近年南京地区边坡失稳和滑坡灾害时有发生的状况,提出了防治对策。 相似文献
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由于特殊的地质结构,煤矿地区是我国滑坡灾害最严重的地区之一。列举了露天矿边坡、采空塌陷区滑坡和厂区滑坡灾害实例,分析了煤矿地区常见的黄土滑坡、堆积层滑坡、基岩顺层滑坡和切层滑坡的特征与发生机理,认为特殊的地层结构和坡体结构是发生滑坡的地质基础,地下水是滑坡的重要影响因素,不科学的人类工程活动是诱因。要预防滑坡灾害,在选线、选厂、选址时必须加强地质工作,查明老滑坡和新生滑坡的规模和性质,工程地质与力学计算相结合评价滑坡的稳定性,提出预防措施建议。同时介绍了我国常用的治理滑坡的原则和排水、减重、反压和支挡等工程措施,以及今后应深入研究的问题。 相似文献
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滑坡灾害防治的新技术路线及分析 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：6
论文指出了滑坡灾害防治中面临的工程问题和科学问题。提出了“监测为首、排水为主、结构为辅、预测预警、科学决策”新的滑坡防治技术路线,介绍了其涵盖的基本内容。监测的首要性在于山体地质结构的复杂性和具体滑坡的个体行为。通过监测有可能获得地质体当前的状态、提高排水工程的可靠性、确定工程治理适用范围、创造滑坡灾害预测预报的条件、为科学决策提供依据;排水不仅可以预防滑坡灾害的发生,还应作为工程治理的主要措施。它以较低的成本维持山体的整体强度;与排水技术相比,借助于工程结构治理大型滑坡,是以较高的代价换取山体局部区域的强度提高;滑坡灾害的预测预警和科学决策,依赖于科学监测数据和可靠的分析方法。新技术路线的可靠性、合理性和实用性还需更为全面深入的论证,对相关问题开展讨论,有助于提高我国滑坡灾害防治水平。 相似文献
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黄鹏 《地质灾害与环境保护》2016,(2):19-25
长输管道是国家重大生命线工程,滑坡灾害可能导致长输管道变形、拉裂、断裂等破坏,对滑坡成灾机理综合分析和稳定性评价是滑坡灾害治理的前提。本文以甘肃地区长输管道的某滑坡体为研究对象,调查分析地质构造、地质地层和地震气候情况,采用因果分析的鱼刺分析法从物、环境、人三个要素对滑坡成灾机理进行分析,并采用传递系数法对滑坡进行稳定性评价。基于滑坡灾害的综合分析成果,从防护、施工、环保和投资四个方面比较选定抗滑桩板墙灾害治理方案,治理实施效果良好。研究成果为类似线性工程的滑坡灾害分析和治理提供参考。 相似文献
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三峡库区万州和平广场滑坡区位于重庆市万州区主城区内,地处长江北岸,为长江与其一级支流苎溪河交汇处,被列为长江三峡工程库区重点勘察防治的四大滑坡之一.和平广场滑坡区地质体是包含人工堆积、崩滑堆积、残坡积与河流冲积等物质的混合成因的松散堆积体.和平广场滑坡区堆积体物质组成特征证实了"和平广场滑坡堆积体不具备同一的、大规模的滑坡成因特点,而是伴随三峡地区地壳缓慢抬升、长江河床下切过程中逐步堆积形成的"这一重要结论的正确性.它对和平广场滑坡区滑坡与塌岸防治工程有重要指导意义. 相似文献
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北京山区地质复杂,工程频繁,边坡灾害发育以崩塌和滑坡为主.边坡灾害以岩质边坡和人工边坡为主,破坏模式为剥落、落石、崩塌和滑坡.从地质构造、地层岩性,气候条件和人类活动4个方面分析边坡灾害的影响因素,提出对应的防范措施. 相似文献
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姚环 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》1996,7(4):81-84
本文论述了马蹄湾滑坡地质灾害的孕育，发展（滑动）起动的地质和地貌条件，分析研究了灾害的特征和形成机理。指出，岩层的松动变形和在重力场作用下的蠕动变形不仅界限了滑坡的形态和规模，而且还决定了该滑坡灾害的特征和成因类型，指出该滑坡发生碎裂岩斜坡，属性质特殊的复合型地质灾害，最后提出了整治与防范该滑坡灾害的工程措施建议。 相似文献
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结合工程实例简述滑坡勘查分析方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着重大工程日益增多,尤其在复杂地质体发生滑坡的情况和危险性越来越高。正确识别、判断滑坡灾害以及及时采取合理有效的防治措施,是整个滑坡防治工作能否达到预期目标的关键所在。通过对某滑坡工程实例的分析总结,对滑坡勘查主要程序及重点问题进行了梳理与总结。 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献