共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 63 毫秒
1.
燕山期强过铝质侵入岩零星出露于冀晋辽地区.其岩石化学成分表现出高钾和超高钾质、低钠含量和高钾钠比值的特征.这些侵入岩被认为是燕山运动峰期地壳熔融的产物,Al2O3/TiO2比值变化于50～250之间,暗示其熔融温度在800～900℃之间;稀土元素配分形式指示其熔融源区的残留矿物组合中含有斜长石、单斜辉石、石榴子石和角闪石,表明这些强过铝质岩浆形成于0.9～1.7GPa的压力条件下.所以,这些强过铝质侵入岩的岩石化学数据提供了关于燕山运动峰期地壳发生部分熔融时的温压条件的信息.据此,对造山运动峰期的热结构进行了简单的模拟,结果并不支持整个岩石圈地幔均发生拆沉的动力学模型. 相似文献
2.
强过铝质花岗岩的岩石化学特征可以提供地壳发生部分熔融时的温压条件的信息。在冀晋辽地区和广东省吴川－四会地区均有燕山期强过铝质花岗岩出露。它们的岩石化学成分表现出高钾质的特征。冀晋辽地区燕山期强过铝质花岗岩的Al2O3/TiO2比值变化于50到250之间，暗示其熔融温度在800到900℃之间；而燕山期强过铝质花岗岩，其大多数的Al2O3/TiO2比值较低，暗示其源区熔融温度在875℃以上，它们的衡土元素配分形式指示其熔融源区的残留矿物组合中含有斜长石、单斜辉石、石榴子石和角闪石，表明这些强过铝质岩浆形成于0.9-1.7GPa的压力条件下，这表明中国大陆东部地区燕山期深部热背景存在南北差异。在造山作用特征方面，华南在燕山期表现出“热”造山带的特点，华北则表现出过渡型的特点。 相似文献
3.
强过铝质花岗岩的岩石化学特征可以提供地壳发生部分熔融时的温压条件的信息。在冀晋辽地区和广东省吴川 -四会地区均有燕山期强过铝质花岗岩出露。它们的岩石化学成分表现出高钾质的特征。冀晋辽地区燕山期强过铝质花岗岩的Al2 O3/ Ti O2 比值变化于 5 0到 2 5 0之间 ,暗示其熔融温度在 80 0到 90 0℃之间 ;而燕山期强过铝质花岗岩 ,其大多数的 Al2 O3/ Ti O2 比值较低 ,暗示其源区熔融温度在 875℃以上。它们的稀土元素配分形式指示其熔融源区的残留矿物组合中含有斜长石、单斜辉石、石榴子石和角闪石 ,表明这些强过铝质岩浆形成于 0 .9～ 1.7GPa的压力条件下。这表明中国大陆东部地区燕山期深部热背景存在南北差异。在造山作用特征方面 ,华南在燕山期表现出“热”造山带的特点 ,华北则表现出过渡型的特点。 相似文献
4.
湘东北地区燕山晚期强过铝质花岗岩的岩石化学特征及构造背景探讨 总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9
根据岩石化学特征,湘东北地区燕山晚期花岗岩不属于A型花岗岩类,而是强过铝质的花岗岩。这些花岗岩可以分为两类。依据Frost等(2001)的定义,第一类为的镁质的钙碱性-碱钙质过铝花岗岩,属于高钾钙碱性系列;第二类为铁质的钙碱质过铝花岗岩,属于富钾的拉斑系列。第一类强过铝质花岗岩铁质含量低,Al2O3/TiO2比值低(<100);第二类铁质含量高,Al2O3/TiO2比值高(>100)。但大多数岩体的CaO/Na2O比值均小于0.3。这些特征暗示,湘东北地区燕山晚期第一类强过铝质花岗岩熔融温度较高(>875℃),第二类熔融温度较低(<875℃);而强过铝质花岗岩的源区主要为泥岩质成分。这些强过铝质花岗岩形成的大地构造背景是后碰撞阶段的造山崩塌环境,其深部热机制背景可能类似于欧洲海西造山带,形成花岗岩所需的能量来自软流圈地幔的平流热传递,以及基性岩浆对地壳的加热作用。 相似文献
5.
《矿物学报》2016,(2)
位于青海省东昆仑西部的野马泉地区三叠纪花岗岩分布广泛,本文通过花岗岩岩石学、地球化学、年代学研究,将晚古生代—早中生代造山旋回同碰撞阶段时限厘定为235~224 Ma,后碰撞时限厘定为224~204 Ma。研究表明,同碰撞阶段代表性侵入岩岩石组合为石英二长闪长岩-花岗闪长岩,具有钙碱性-高钾钙碱性系列准铝质-弱过铝质I型花岗岩的特征,岩石形成于下地壳或中下地壳,与幔源物质底侵作用和俯冲大洋物质"滞后"局部熔融有关,花岗闪长岩具有adakitic岩亲和性的特点。后碰撞阶段代表性侵入岩岩石组合为似斑状二长花岗岩-二长花岗岩-花岗斑岩,具有高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列准铝质-强过铝质S型花岗岩的特征,岩石形成于上地壳,含闪长质包体二长花岗岩源区具有EMⅡ富集地幔的印记,有别于不含包体的二长花岗岩。三叠纪花岗岩的形成可能经历了地幔底侵-洋壳"滞后"熔融和地壳熔融的深部过程。 相似文献
6.
内蒙古中部印支期强过铝质花岗岩的相平衡约束及动力学背景 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
岩石相平衡分析表明，内蒙古中部沿华北地台北缘分布的印支期(T3)后碰撞强过铝质花岗岩的源岩为含泥质成分较高的岩石，是在小于1．5GPa(约50km)条件下，由源岩中白云母及黑云母脱水部分熔融形成的，形成温度低于黑云母消失的上限温度，熔融残留物有斜长石、石榴子石和辉石。本区强过铝质花岗岩的CaO／Na2O比值(0.09～0．58)说明，其源岩中既有泥质岩，又有砂岩，与岩石相平衡分析的结果相一致；Al2O3/TiO2比值(53．78～413．94)表明，本区的强过铝质花岗岩为高温类型和高压类型之间的一种过渡类型。 相似文献
7.
广东吴川—四会断裂带燕山期强过铝质花岗岩岩石化学特征的地球动力学意义 总被引：13，自引：4，他引：9
根据其岩石化学特征,广东吴川—四会断裂带燕山期强过铝质花岗岩可以分为两类。第一类SiO2含量较低,Al2O3/TiO2比值低(<100)、CaO/Na2O比值高(>0.3),具中等程度的66轻稀土富集。第二类SiO2含量较高,Al2O3/TiO2比值高(>100)、CaO/Na2O比值(<0.3),不具明显的轻稀土富集。这种特征暗示,第一类强过铝质花岗岩其源区成分为镁铁质正变质岩,熔融温度较高,来源相对较深。第二类强过铝质花岗岩其源区为泥岩质成分,熔融温度较低,来源相对较浅。该地区强过铝质花岗岩形成的大地构造背景是古太平洋板块向亚洲大陆东缘俯冲形成的活动大陆边缘带靠近内陆的一侧。吴川—四会断裂带燕山期岩浆活动(包括这些强过铝质花岗岩)的深部热源是由活动海岭俯冲所导致的高温地幔楔所生成的底侵岩浆。吴川—四会断裂带燕山期的深部热机制类似于欧洲海西造山带,属于“热”造山带。 相似文献
8.
北京石城闪长岩和云蒙山花岗岩岩石地球化学特征及成因 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
云蒙山岩基位于云蒙山变质核杂岩下盘,主要由石城闪长岩及云蒙山花岗岩组成。石城闪长岩属高钾钙碱性系列岩石,富镁贫铁,过铝指数ACNK值均小于1,属准铝质岩石;富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素,具无或弱的Eu负异常,Sr/Y比值极高,是具有高Sr低Y微量元素特征的中性岩浆岩。云蒙山花岗岩属高钾钙碱性系列岩石,且(Na2O-2)/K2O1,属钾质火成岩,富铁,过铝指数ACNK值略大于1,属弱过铝质岩石;富集大离子亲石元素,强烈富集轻稀土元素,亏损高场强元素,Sr/Y和(La/Yb)N比值高,属典型的"C型埃达克岩"。二者均显示EM-I型富集岩石圈地幔的SrNd同位素印迹。具有高Sr低Y微量元素特征的石城闪长岩形成于燕山地区中侏罗世挤压运动幕(约180Ma~170Ma)和晚侏罗世晚期—早白垩世最早期挤压运动幕(约151Ma~135Ma)之间的伸展背景,是基性岩浆分离结晶作用的产物,在其演化过程中与地壳围岩之间发生了同位素的混染。云蒙山花岗岩形成于挤压构造背景之中,为燕山地区晚侏罗世晚期—早白垩世最早期挤压运动幕(约151Ma~135Ma)岩浆活动的代表,是华北克拉通下地壳富Mg或Mg#高的古老基性岩类在高压(P≥1.5GPa)下失水部分熔融的产物。 相似文献
9.
松潘造山带马尔康强过铝质花岗岩的成因及其构造意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
松潘造山带广泛出露印支期后碰撞型花岗岩类, 其中包括埃达克质花岗岩类、A型花岗岩和I型花岗岩, 但目前人们对该区印支期强过铝质花岗岩尚未有深入的研究.松潘造山带马尔康花岗岩属于强过铝质花岗岩(A/CNK=1.10~1.20), 其岩石类型主要为中粒二云母花岗岩和中细粒二云母花岗岩.利用LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年方法, 获得中粒二云母花岗岩的岩浆结晶年龄为208±2Ma, 中细粒二云母花岗岩的岩浆结晶年龄为200±2Ma.马尔康强过铝质花岗岩K2O/Na2O=1.13~1.75, 富Rb、Th和U, 贫Sr、Ba、Co和Ni等元素; 稀土元素组成上显示存在强到中等的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.15~0.65);全岩初始87Sr/86Sr比值(ISr) 为0.70712~0.71137, εNd (t) =-10.36~-8.43, 锆石εHf (t) =-11.8~-1.1.地球化学和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成一致表明, 它们的岩浆来自于地壳物质的部分熔融, 其中中粒二云母花岗岩的源岩类型主要为地壳中的泥质岩类, 而中细粒二云母花岗岩的源岩主要为地壳中的杂砂岩类.结合松潘带的地质背景、区域构造-岩浆事件及其岩浆岩的组合分析, 印支期岩石圈拆沉作用可以用来解释马尔康强过铝质花岗岩的形成机制.在松潘带, 印支期岩石圈拆沉作用导致软流圈物质上涌, 这不仅促使了加厚下地壳物质发生部分熔融, 如松潘带印支期埃达克质和I型花岗岩浆的形成, 而且还诱发了中地壳物质的部分熔融, 如马尔康强过铝质花岗岩的形成.这表明松潘带印支期岩石圈拆沉作用已使地壳不同层次发生部分熔融作用. 相似文献
10.
腾冲地块梁河早始新世花岗岩成因机制及其地质意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
腾冲地块梁河地区芒东和青木寨花岗岩是新特提斯洋演化过程中重要的壳源岩浆活动产物。岩石形成年龄为48~51Ma,属于早始新世,与腾冲地块西缘盈江地区大量的酸性和基性侵入岩的形成年龄相近。梁河地区的早始新世花岗岩具有高硅、钾的特征,属于准铝质-强过铝质高钾钙碱性S型花岗岩。这些花岗岩具有高的初始~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr比值和富集的Nd同位素组成,Nd模式年龄显示源岩应为中元古代的地壳岩石。同时,芒东花岗岩具有高的CaO/Na_2O和相对低的Al_2O_3/TiO_2、Rb/Sr和Rb/Ba比值,说明源区为变质杂砂岩。而青木寨花岗岩具有低的CaO/Na_2O和Al_2O_3/TiO_2、相对高的Rb/Sr和Rb/Ba比值,指示其源岩以变泥质岩为主。结合区域内中-新生代岩浆活动特征,我们认为芒东和青木寨花岗岩是印度-亚洲大陆东向初始碰撞或同碰撞时期挤压背景下,腾冲地块中下地壳成熟度较低的杂砂岩以及成熟度较高的泥岩在高温条件下部分熔融的产物。 相似文献
11.
Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
12.
13.
Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
14.
Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
15.
位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
16.
17.
摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
18.
某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
19.
The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
20.
The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献