共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
青藏高原两个斑岩-浅成低温热液矿床成矿亚系列及其"缺位找矿"之实践 总被引：8，自引：8，他引：8
斑岩_浅成低温热液型铜金矿床是西藏最新发现的组合矿床类型,其具有巨大的找矿潜力。笔者在西藏多龙矿集区铁格隆南铜金矿床、雄村矿集区主要矿体系统地质编录、综合研究的基础上,对其矿床地质背景、矿体形态产状、矿物组合、蚀变特征、成岩成矿年龄等进行了系统的总结,在前人研究的基础上,提出班怒成矿带与早白垩世岛弧型中_酸性火山岩_浅成岩组合有关的铜、金、银、铅锌矿床成矿亚系列,以及冈底斯成矿带与早侏罗世—晚侏罗世岛弧型中_酸性火山岩_浅成岩组合有关的铜、金、银、铅锌矿床成矿亚系列,是西藏最重要的寻找斑岩型_浅成低温热液型铜金矿的矿床成矿系列。依据"缺位找矿"理论,预测多龙矿集区尕尔勤、地堡那木岗、铁格隆山是浅成低温热液型铜金矿床的进一步勘查评价区,色那、拿顿角砾岩筒是寻找独立高硫化型浅成低温热液金矿床的重要靶区。铁格隆南浅成低温热液矿体叠加在斑岩型矿体之上,高硫化型浅成低温热液矿床浅部发育多孔状硅帽和明矾石_地开石_高岭石蚀变组合,金属矿物以硫砷铜矿_铜蓝_蓝辉铜矿_黝铜矿_黄铜矿_斑铜矿_黄铁矿等铜硫二元体系矿物组合为主,其中黄铁矿_黄铜矿_斑铜矿形成较早,矿床规模可突破1200万吨。雄村铜金矿集区发育低硫化型浅成低温热液多金属金矿体,矿体呈脉状,或在火山机构边缘构造中独立产出,或叠加于斑岩型铜金矿体之上产出,以绢云母化、叶蜡石化、伊利石化发育,闪锌矿、黝铜矿、磁黄铁矿_黄铁矿为主要金属矿物组合为特征,洞嘎、普钦木_哑达是低硫化型浅成低温热液矿床的勘查评价区,深部有找到斑岩型铜金矿的可能。上述2套矿床成矿系列亚系列都与燕山期斑岩铜金矿床的流体演化有关,具有特殊的蚀变矿物、金属矿物组合,寻找独立的浅成低温热液型金矿是下一步需要重视的找矿方向。 相似文献
2.
西藏铁格隆南浅成低温热液型-斑岩型Cu-Au矿床流体及地质特征研究 总被引：14，自引：4，他引：10
铁格隆南铜金矿床(荣那矿段)是在西藏班公湖_怒江成矿带上多龙矿集区内发现的青藏高原首例高硫化型浅成低温热液型Cu(Au)矿床。文章通过对铁格隆南铜金矿床金属矿物、蚀变矿物组合、蚀变分带及流体包裹体地球化学特征的研究,初步确定了矿床类型,探讨了矿床成因。铁格隆南矿区存在硫砷铜矿、铜蓝、蓝辉铜矿等典型的高硫化态矿物组合和黄铜矿、斑铜矿等斑岩型矿床的典型矿物,此外,还识别出久辉铜矿、斯硫铜蓝、吉硫铜矿等少见的Cu_S二元体系矿物组合。矿床蚀变矿物组合以典型的强酸性环境下的明矾石_高岭石_地开石等黏土矿物组合为特征,并见金红石、锐钛矿、硬石膏、磷锶铝石、叶蜡石、水铝石等特征蚀变矿物。蚀变分带特征为石英_明矾石_高岭石/地开石带和高岭石_地开石带组成的高级泥化带叠加在绢英岩化带和钾化带的顶部和外围。矿区存在高温、高盐度(404~430℃,32.39%~38.94%)的岩浆流体和中低温、低盐度(239~292℃,0.35%~4.18%)的高硫化型矿化流体。高温、高盐度富气相(主要是H2O、HCl、SO2)的岩浆流体与大气降水的混合,形成的强酸性高氧逸度的中低温、低盐度流体,是高硫化型浅成低温热液矿床蚀变和矿化形成的关键。多龙矿集区具有较典型的斑岩型_浅成低温热液成矿系统的矿物组合、蚀变组合及成矿流体特征,因此预测矿集区内还能找到类似的斑岩型_浅成低温热液型矿床。 相似文献
3.
秘鲁中部莫罗科查地区在板块俯冲引发的中新世构造-岩浆-热液作用下,形成了斑岩型、矽卡岩型、浅成低温热液型等多种铜钼铅锌银多金属矿化.文章选取该地区超大型特罗莫克铜钼矿床为典型矿床实例,通过岩石学、岩相学和年代学系统研究,深入剖析矿床的蚀变类型和矿化地质特征,并结合区域岩浆-热液作用过程,总结其区域成矿特点,以期为该区资源勘查工作提供参考.研究结果表明,作为典型的斑岩-矽卡岩型矿床,特罗莫克铜钼矿的成矿期花岗闪长岩、长石斑岩、石英斑岩及英安斑岩等多期岩体在9.4～7.3 Ma之间相继侵位,并伴随形成多种蚀变矿化,其中铜钼矿化主要形成于8.0～7.8 Ma.矿区主要发育钾硅酸盐化、绢英岩化、绿泥石化、黏土化、矽卡岩化、角岩化等典型的斑岩矿床蚀变特征,而矽卡岩中发育透闪石-阳起石、蛇纹石-滑石等多种钙质和镁质矽卡岩矿物.铜钼矿化以浸染状、细脉状、网脉状、块状等形式产出,且矿化自中心向外围,依次具有铜-钼→铅-锌→铅-银的元素分带.结合莫罗科查区域主要发育的3个持续了3.5～0.3 Ma的中新世岩浆热液中心(北侧Codiciada杂岩体、中部Toromocho岩体和西部Ticlio斑岩),以及与之相关的蚀变和矿化特征,笔者认为,围绕岩浆热液中心,区域成矿呈现中心斑岩-矽卡岩型、外围浅成低温热液脉型多金属矿化的分布规律,矿化整体呈现自中心向外围的铜—铜锌—铅锌银规律性分带特征,该类"多中心式"斑岩-矽卡岩成矿系统的蚀变-矿化规律应在未来区域矿产勘查工作中引起重视. 相似文献
4.
滇中老街子Pb-Ag多金属矿床的成矿时代及成矿动力学背景探讨：来自硫化物Re-Os同位素证据 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
滇中老街子Pb-Ag多金属矿床位于红河-哀牢山新生代富碱斑岩带的中段,是与富碱火山-岩浆热液密切相关的典型矿床。首次在该矿床深部发现70m宽的高Cu-Mo异常黄铁矿化蚀变正长斑岩和黄铁矿-辉钼矿矿脉(2073中段3#穿脉),认为该矿床深部存在明显的富碱斑岩-岩浆热液型铜-钼矿化叠加成矿作用。本文选取深部坑道内的辉钼矿-黄铁矿脉、黄铁矿-方铅矿脉和高Cu-Mo异常黄铁矿化蚀变正长斑岩进行辉钼矿-黄铁矿Re-Os同位素成矿年代研究,获得了辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄33.71±0.29Ma和加权平均值年龄33.99±0.22Ma,说明滇中老街子斑岩型铜-钼成矿作用时代为渐新世,与Cu-Mo异常黄铁矿化蚀变正长斑岩成岩年龄一致。黄铁矿的初始Os比值(0.3049~1.5549)及其γOs值(140.5~1126)指示老街子Pb-Ag多金属矿床金属成矿物质主要来源于壳幔相互作用而形成的岩浆。老街子Pb-Ag多金属矿床成岩成矿年龄和区域上富碱斑岩-岩浆热液型多金属矿床成岩成矿年龄(30~40Ma)大致相当,表明印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞期后,构造应力场发生转变形成大规模区域左行走滑断裂系统,在稳定块体内部诱发壳幔过渡层发生部分熔融形成富碱岩浆和成矿流体,成矿流体沿着构造薄弱部位形成富碱斑岩-岩浆热液型多金属矿床。 相似文献
5.
新疆青河县新近发现哈腊苏铜矿床,正在进行的勘探证实具有大型铜储量前景。它位于阿尔泰东南缘,靠近额尔齐斯构造变形带。这个区域经历了古生代中期的洋-陆俯冲、古生代晚期的陆-陆碰撞以及其后的陆内活化等地质过程。铜成矿与哪种地质地质过程有关受人关注,矿床成因也存在斑岩型、热液脉型和火山岩型等不同认识。哈腊苏铜矿区主要出露中泥盆统基性火山岩(含苦橄岩)及侵入其中的不同时期含铜蚀变斑岩体,包括花岗闪长斑岩、斑状花岗岩、石英二长斑岩和石英闪长斑岩等,斑岩SiO_2质量分数为57.24%～65.45%,其中花岗闪长斑岩δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)=7.9‰～8.6‰,ε_(Nd)(t)=7.3～8.5(接近于MORB值),(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_t=0.70383～0.70410(接近原始地幔值),暗示岩浆起源于地幔或下地壳。矿区含铜蚀变斑岩全岩矿化(Cu 0.2%),矿体(Cu 0.3%以上)呈透镜状和不规则分枝脉状,产状与斑岩体相仿,95%以上矿体产于斑岩体内。围岩蚀变从矿体到斑岩再到基性火山岩围岩,发育钾长石黑云母化、黑云母绿泥石化、青磐岩化的分带,后期脉状线型钾长石化叠加于早期面状弥散型钾硅酸盐蚀变之上。没有次生硫化物富集现象,原生铜矿石出现细脉浸染型和脉状叠加型两种自然类型,前者以"黄铁矿+黄铜矿+辉钼矿"为典型金属矿物组合,后者呈在前者背景上的"石英+黄铁矿+黄铜矿"脉状叠加矿化。相对于前者,后者Cu、Au品位明显偏高(分别达到Cu 2.21%、Au 0.83 g/t)、微量和稀土元素总量降低,微量元素蛛网图和REE配分曲线更为平缓,Eu正异常更加显著。基性火山喷发、幔源岩浆侵入和多期矿化叠加是哈腊苏铜成矿的关键,早期斑岩型铜成矿基础上的后期构造热液矿化叠加显著。细脉浸染型铜矿石中共生黄铁矿-黄铜矿的硫同位素温度计指示斑岩型铜成矿温度为420～560℃。铜矿石硫化物δ~(34)S_(V-CDT)主体范围为-1‰～-4‰,矿石硫源自幔源斑岩体(有地层硫酸盐还原硫少量混入);黄铁矿~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb=18.052～18.461,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb=15.501～15.606,~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb=37.813～39.335,与矿床所在区域喀拉通克岩浆Cu-Ni硫化物接近,成矿金属主体来自幔源斑岩;脉状矿化叠加型铜矿石中含铜硫化物石英脉晶出母液(δ~(18)O_(V-SMOW)=6.4‰～10.2‰,δD_(V-SMOW)=-89‰～-80‰)具有岩浆水的O、H同位素组成特点。通过成岩、成矿和热液蚀变的年代学研究获得:(1)含铜蚀变的斑状花岗岩(381.6±2.5)Ma和花岗闪长斑岩(371.8±9.6)Ma的U-Pb谐和年龄、细脉浸染型铜矿石中辉钼矿(376.9±2.2)Ma的Re-Os等时线年龄,是洋-陆俯冲期斑岩成岩成矿的年龄记录;(2)含铜蚀变石英二长斑岩(265.6±3.7)Ma的U-Pb谐和年龄和脉状叠加型铜矿石中钾长石(269.2±3.2)Ma的Ar-Ar坪年龄,是陆-陆碰撞晚期斑岩铜矿化蚀变的年龄记录;(3)含铜蚀变石英闪长斑岩(215.8±4.6)Ma的U-Pb谐和年龄和脉状叠加型铜矿石中钾长石(198.2±2.3)～(206.4±2.7)Ma的Ar-Ar坪年龄,是陆内构造岩浆活化期的年龄记录。多期构造-岩浆-热液矿化叠加作用是哈腊苏铜成矿的显著特征。该研究为认识中亚构造域斑岩铜矿床的多期叠加成矿作用特征积累了新资料。 相似文献
6.
西藏铁格隆南超大型浅成低温热液铜(金、银)矿床的形成时代及其地质意义 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
铁格隆南(荣那)矿床位于西藏班公湖—怒江成矿带西段的多龙整装勘查区内,是西藏首例超大规模的浅成低温热液-斑岩型Cu(Au、Ag)矿床。目前,矿床的勘查工作和科学研究正同时展开,本文采用锆石U-Pb、辉钼矿Re-Os同位素定年技术,结合系统的钻孔地质编录,对编录中新发现的含矿石英闪长玢岩和辉钼矿进行了高精度同位素测年。石英闪长玢岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb模式年龄为(120.2±1.0)Ma;辉钼矿Re-Os同位素测年的模式年龄分布在117.8~119.4 Ma范围内,平均模式年龄为(118.5±0.8)Ma,等时线年龄为(119.0±1.4)Ma(MSWD=0.34)。成岩成矿年龄近于一致,成矿略晚于成岩年龄,表明二者属于同一斑岩-浅成低温热液成矿系统。辉钼矿187Re的含量分布于230.47~1226.6μg/g,指示成矿物质具幔源特征,暗示铁格隆南巨量金属物质的聚集可能与壳幔边界岩浆作用有关。对比研究表明,铁格隆南成矿作用与多不杂、波龙铜(金)矿床一同受控于统一的构造-岩浆成矿系统,该系统的形成无疑与早白垩世班公湖—怒江洋盆向北俯冲有关。 相似文献
7.
马厂箐矿集区铜、钼、金矿化之间的关系对于认识该矿床的成矿作用过程及地质勘查具有重要意义。利用40Ar-39Ar同位素定年方法对乱硐山矿段夕卡岩型铜钼金矿化和人头箐矿段蚀变岩型金矿石中热液白云母进行同位素定年,得到夕卡岩化矿石中白云母样品(B119)40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为35.25±0.36Ma,等时线年龄为35.0±1.8Ma,反等时线年龄为34.8±1.9Ma。蚀变岩型金矿化矿石中白云母样品(B118)40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为35.35±0.32Ma,等时线年龄为34.44±0.99Ma,反等时线年龄为34.4±1.2Ma。这与正长斑岩(35.6±0.3Ma)、花岗斑岩(35.0±0.2Ma)、斑岩型铜钼矿化成矿年龄(35.8±1.6Ma)和(33.9±1.1Ma)较为一致,显示马厂箐铜钼金矿床与正长(斑)岩+二长(斑)岩+花岗斑岩+斑状花岗岩岩性组合有关,铜钼金成矿属于同一个构造—岩浆—成矿系统的产物。 相似文献
8.
西准噶尔萨吾尔地区主要矿床类型及成矿规律 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
本文基于萨吾尔地区目前发育的主要矿床(点)吐尔库班套铜镍矿点、阔尔真阔腊金铜矿床、布尔克斯岱金矿床、罕哲尕能铜矿床、塔斯特金矿床、黑山头金矿点、那林卡拉铜钼矿点等的研究,分析了区域矿化类型及成矿规律。认为萨吾尔地区矿床成因类型可分为三类,岩浆Cu-Ni硫化物矿床、斑岩型-浅成低温热液型Au-Cu-Mo矿床、与中酸性侵入岩有关的构造蚀变岩型Au矿床。矿化以Au、Cu矿化为主,Cu-Ni、Mo矿化次之。成矿时代分布在中泥盆世、早石炭世、晚石炭世,集中于早石炭世(354~336Ma)。空间上,岩浆Cu-Ni硫化物矿床分布于萨吾尔北部科克森套地区,斑岩型-浅成低温热液型Au-Cu-Mo矿床、与中酸性侵入岩有关的构造蚀变岩型Au矿床主要分布于萨吾尔山南部。成矿构造背景分别对应于区域中泥盆世岛弧环境、早石炭世岛弧环境、晚石炭世碰撞造山后环境。区域成矿规律显示了进一步的找矿潜力:萨吾尔北部科克森套地区发育的镁铁-超镁铁岩体的岩浆Cu-Ni硫化物矿床的找矿潜力;阔尔真阔腊-布尔克斯岱地区斑岩型-浅成低温热液型金铜矿床的找矿潜力;区域晚石炭世-早二叠世斑岩型Cu-Mo矿床的找矿潜力;萨吾尔断裂及其次级断裂控制范围内的Au-Cu找矿潜力。 相似文献
9.
蒙西斑岩铜钼矿床成矿阶段及成矿元素统计分析意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
蒙西斑岩铜钼矿位于东准噶尔北塔山-纸房-琼河坝岛弧带东段琼河坝地区,属形成于断裂背景下的斑岩型矿床.脉状矿化是该矿床主要矿化类型,不同脉体有一定生成顺序.早期钾化阶段形成磁铁矿钾长石石英脉、硫化物钾长石石英脉、及高温阶段磁铁矿碳酸盐脉.进入硅化作用阶段后,形成磁铁矿石英脉、辉钼矿石英脉、黄铜矿黄铁矿石英脉、黄铁矿石英脉及少硫化物石英脉.成矿作用后期形成不含或少含硫化物的石英脉、碳酸盐脉.结合矿化蚀变带内地化元素的聚类分析、因子分析特征,初步将蒙西铜钼矿成矿作用分为早期构造挤压作用成矿期和岩浆热液作用成矿期.岩浆热液成矿期是该矿床的主要成矿时期,可细分为高温成矿阶段和中低温成矿阶段,分别对应形成Mo,Cu的富集矿化. 相似文献
10.
马厂箐矿集区铜、钼、金矿化之间的关系对于认识该矿床的成矿作用过程及地质勘查具有重要意义.利用40 Ar-39 Ar同位素定年方法对乱硐山矿段夕卡岩型铜钼金矿化和人头箐矿段蚀变岩型金矿石中热液白云母进行同位素定年,得到夕卡岩化矿石中白云母样品( B119)40 Ar-39 Ar坪年龄为35.25±0.36 Ma,等时线年龄为35.0±1.8 Ma,反等时线年龄为34.8±1.9 Ma.蚀变岩型金矿化矿石中白云母样品(B118)40 Ar-39 Ar坪年龄为35.35±0.32 Ma,等时线年龄为34.44±0.99Ma,反等时线年龄为34.4±1.2 Ma.这与正长斑岩(35.6±0.3 Ma)、花岗斑岩(35.0 ±0.2 Ma)、斑岩型铜钼矿化成矿年龄(35.8 ±1.6 Ma)和(33.9土1.1 Ma)较为一致,显示马厂箐铜钼金矿床与正长(斑)岩+二长(斑)岩+花岗斑岩+斑状花岗岩岩性组合有关,铜钼金成矿属于同一个构造—岩浆—成矿系统的产物. 相似文献
11.
S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
13.
14.
奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
15.
16.
Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
17.
Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献
18.
岩石密度和超高压岩石折返速率 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
在常温常压条件下对中国大陆科学钻CCSD主孔100-3000米岩心样品进行了密度测量,建立了密度连续剖面,并界定了不同超高压岩石的密度值。通过对比高温高压物性实验资料,岩石密度随着退变程度增强而降低,榴辉岩密度变化序列为3.52g/cm3→3.49g/cm3→3.07g/cm3→2.93g/cm3。超高压长英质岩石密度变化序列为3.00g/cm→2.80g/cm3→2.65g/cm3。上述实验资料是讨论不同折返阶段岩石所受浮力的基础,为研究折返速率大小提供了基本参数。本文通过折返板块运动平衡时,上浮力与粘滞力平衡这一关系式,定量研究了大陆俯冲板块的折返速率,认为密度差产生上浮力从而引起折返,温度对板块折返速率的影响最为显著;密度差大小、折返角度、折返板块大小对折返速率也有直接的影响。定量模拟分析表明,在温度高于850℃时,板块的折返速率可以超过100mm/a;当温度降至700℃时,折返速率则低于1.5mm/a。作者认为在折返早期,温度较高,板块快速折返至60-70km榴辉岩相深度;随着传导散热,温度降低,板块以较慢的速率折返至中下地壳。折返速率的估算表明,浮力是板块折返第一阶段(从>100km深部折返至<40km的中下地壳)的主要驱动力。 相似文献
19.
20.
滇东南锡、银、铅、锌多金属矿床主要分布在个旧、白牛厂、都龙3个矿区,而滇东南较大的3个花岗岩体又分别出露在3个矿区或附近.花岗岩体均形成于燕山晚期,岩石化学、矿物成分相似,富含锡、银、铅、锌、钨、铜等成矿元素.矿床主金属元素组合与岩体之间的距离由远而近出现由锡、钨、(铍、铌、钽)→锡、钨、(铁)、铜、铟→锡、铅、锌、银、铟、(锑)有规律的变化.花岗岩浆是成矿物质来源和成矿热源.岩浆侵入初期使上覆地层隆起产生背斜(凹陷部位成向斜);同时使地层产生一系列裂隙、压性断层或层间断裂;岩浆侵入晚期,这些断层再次活动,表现为张性,岩浆产生的含矿热液沿由其活动所造成的断裂迁移、充填、交代、沉淀而形成矿床. 相似文献