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四川可尔因矿田李家沟伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床锡石LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb定年及地质意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
四川李家沟伟晶岩型锂铌钽铍锡稀有金属矿床位于松潘-甘孜造山带中部、可尔因矿田东南部,是近年新发现的超大型矿床,成矿时代尚不清楚。本文在伟晶岩地质特征研究的基础上,对李家沟锂辉石伟晶岩中的锡石矿物开展电子探针成分分析以及LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb定年工作。电子探针波谱定量分析结果显示,李家沟矿床的锡石都是与稀有金属矿床有关的锡石,并非来自热液矿床的锡石。U-Pb定年结果显示,含锂辉石钠长石伟晶岩样品(LPD4H2)的~(207)Pb/~(206)Pb-~(238)U/~(207)Pb谐和年龄为211. 4±3. 3 Ma(n=28,MSWD=2. 9),可以代表稀有金属伟晶岩脉的年龄。表明李家沟稀有金属矿床形成于晚三叠世,与印支晚期的岩浆热液活动密切相关。区域成岩成矿年代学对比显示,李家沟与雪宝顶和甲基卡等矿床具有相似的成矿类型和成矿年龄,形成于造山后趋于稳定阶段。松潘-甘孜造山带印支晚期-燕山早期存在大规模的锂铌钽铍锡稀有多金属成矿事件。 相似文献
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稀有金属花岗伟晶岩年代学是花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床研究的重要内容。目前测年方法较多,但不同方法测试结果的对比研究亟待开展。我们选择吐格曼北花岗伟晶岩型锂铍矿床3条含矿伟晶岩开展锆石、锡石、铌钽铁矿及白云母四种矿物不同方法的测年对比研究。结果显示:1)ρ31白云母-锡石伟晶岩中锡石238U/206Pb-207Pb/206Pb谐和年龄为468±8.7Ma (MSWD=1.1,N=39)、白云母-钠长石-锂辉石伟晶岩中锆石206Pb/238U谐和年龄为458.7±2.3Ma (MSWD=7.2,N=16); 2)ρ38白云母-钠长石-锂辉石伟晶岩中锆石206Pb/238U谐和年龄为454.7±4.0Ma (MSWD=8.0,N=10)、白云母40Ar/39Ar坪年龄为350.2±1.6Ma (MSWD=4.7); 3)ρ87含铌钽铁矿-白云母-石英伟晶岩中铌钽铁矿206Pb/238U谐和年龄为464.1±2.7Ma (MSWD=5.2,N=39)。可以看出,铌钽铁矿与锡石的U-Pb年龄在误差范围内一致,可能代表花岗伟晶岩岩浆结晶的年龄; 2件样品的蜕晶化锆石U-Pb年龄也可以对比,可能代表岩浆锆石蜕晶化后经流体交代作用及重结晶作用导致U-Pb同位素系统重置的时间。白云母Ar-Ar年龄明显晚于铌钽铁矿、锡石和锆石的U-Pb年龄,鉴于ρ38白云母-钠长石-锂辉石伟晶岩脉中白云母与锂辉石发生了强烈变形与蚀变,认为变形的白云母记录的是叠加变形与热液蚀变的时间。由此推断吐格曼北锂铍花岗伟晶岩形成于468～454Ma,这意味着阿尔金山地区中-晚奥陶世可能存在持续时间较长的稀有金属成矿事件。基于花岗伟晶岩矿物成因与吐格曼北锂铍花岗伟晶岩不同方法测年对比结果,可以得出以下结论:铌钽铁矿与锡石的U-Pb年龄可代表伟晶岩岩浆结晶的年龄,蜕晶化的锆石U-Pb年龄记录的是岩浆锆石蜕晶化后经流体交代作用及重结晶作用导致U-Pb同位素系统重置的时间,含钾矿物的40Ar/39Ar年龄能够约束伟晶岩的变形与蚀变年龄;多种定年方法的联合约束可以更好地限定稀有金属花岗伟晶岩的各个阶段成矿事件时间。 相似文献
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伟晶岩型锂矿是重要的新兴产业资源,具有重要的战略价值,是我国亟需紧缺的关键矿产。然而,成矿年代学制约了该类型锂矿的成矿作用和成矿机理研究。四川甲基卡稀有金属矿床是我国最大的锂矿床,以134号伟晶岩脉为典型代表。134号伟晶岩脉主要由锂辉石、钽铌铁矿、锆石、曲晶石、绿柱石、锡石、微斜长石、正长石、石英、白云母等组成。本文采集了134号脉中部矿石样品,分选获得锡石,通过LA-MC-ICP-MS锡石U-Pb测年,获得134号伟晶岩脉的锡石U-Pb年龄为203.7±4.6Ma(n=19,MSWD=2.8),代表了该伟晶岩型锂矿床的成矿年龄,表明其成矿作用发生在印支晚期。印支运动晚期稳定的构造环境,为稀有金属的聚集、成矿创造了有利条件,有助于形成甲基卡超大型稀有金属矿床。 相似文献
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党坝矿区位于松潘-甘孜稀有金属成矿带东段,可尔因矿田的东南部,是我国超大型锂辉石矿床之一.为了解该矿床地质特征及成矿规律,查明工作区深部及外围地质找矿方向,梳理了现有工作成果和野外地质观察结果,总结工作区岩浆岩岩相的空间变化特征、控岩控矿构造力学特征,对成矿规律进行了深入分析.研究表明:（1）党坝矿区主矿脉Ⅷ是2期成矿作用叠加、复合形成的钠长石锂辉石+锂云母型伟晶岩脉,每期伟晶岩脉内构造分带明显,自外向内分别是锂云母钠长石伟晶岩带、白云母钠长石伟晶岩带、锂辉石钠长石伟晶岩带;（2）主成矿期的应力场为EW向挤压,形成了矿区内的NW向和NEE向2组剪裂隙,伟晶岩脉充填其中,形成了呈"X"型分布的伟晶岩脉带;（3）以Ⅵ矿脉为成岩成矿中心,NW走向的伟晶岩矿脉带向南东侧伏,NE走向的伟晶岩矿脉带向北东侧伏,为工作区开展深部及外围地质找矿指明了方向. 相似文献
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川西可尔因伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床的40Ar/39Ar年代及其构造意义 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
川西是中国重要的稀有金属矿产资源基地,川西可尔因伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床位于松潘-甘孜造山带主体的中心部位,对该造山带的演化过程具有重要的示踪意义.本文对可尔因地区根则岩体中白云母微斜长石伟晶岩脉和党坝白云母钠长石锂辉石伟晶岩脉进行了40Ar/39Ar定年研究,其白云母40Ar/39Ar坪年龄分别为176.25±0.14Ma和152.43±0.60Ma.结合前人对可尔因岩体的成因认识和K-Ar、Rb-Sr、U-Pb同位素定年结果,推断出在印支晚期-燕山早期,该地区经历了多期岩浆演化,且持续了较长的时间,而伟晶岩的稀有金属矿化发生在岩浆活动末期的相对稳定和封闭的环境中.这些地质现象说明,松潘-甘孜造山带在经历了印支末期-燕山早期的剧烈构造运动后,在150 Ma左右进入相对稳定发展的阶段,直至喜马拉雅运动造成地壳急剧隆升,这段稳定时期为各种成矿作用的发生提供了必要条件. 相似文献
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党坝稀有金属矿床是近年来新发现的超大型花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床，矿区内分布有北带、中带和南带含矿伟晶岩脉，其中中带研究程度相对较低，为厘清中带伟晶岩的形成时代和成矿地质意义，对其进行了详细的野外地质调查，并运用激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子质谱仪(LA-ICP-MS)对其中的铌钽铁矿进行了U-Pb定年分析。野外调查发现，中带伟晶岩侵位于三叠系侏倭组变沉积岩中，其中的北西-南东向裂隙是主要的控矿构造，含矿伟晶岩主要呈脉状产出，属钠长石锂辉石伟晶岩。等离子质谱分析得到中带Ⅵ号伟晶岩矿体产出的铌钽铁矿的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄为(213.5±1.2)Ma。该年龄与北带的Ⅷ号矿体年龄基本一致，均为晚三叠世。研究认为，党坝矿床伟晶岩的成矿时代与松潘-甘孜造山带其他含稀有金属伟晶岩的成矿时代一致，而且都形成于造山期后相对稳定阶段。可尔因矿田西康群中的侏倭组，是寻找稀有金属伟晶岩的首要目标地层。 相似文献
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茶卡北山锂铍矿床是柴北缘东段近年新发现的花岗伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床。为厘定成岩成矿时代、示踪演化过程和查明区域成矿事件相关性,本文系统开展了茶卡北山锂铍矿床19号铍矿化花岗伟晶岩脉铌钽铁矿(CGMs)内部结构、主量元素组成和U-Pb年代学研究。19号铍矿化花岗伟晶岩发育岩浆成因(CGMs-1)和交代成因(CGMs-2)两类铌钽铁矿。CGMs-1为具有振荡环带和均一不分带等简单内部结构的铌铁矿-铌锰矿。CGMs-2为具有交代镶边、交代蠕虫等复杂内部结构的铌铁矿-钽铁矿。CGMs-2是花岗伟晶岩演化最后阶段富Ta残余熔体交代CGMs-1产物,通常由富Nb贫Ta背散射亮度较暗(CGMs-2a)和富Ta贫Nb背散射亮度较亮(CGMs-2b)两个不规则部分组成。19号花岗伟晶岩岩浆成因和交代成因的铌钽铁矿U-Pb年龄在误差范围内一致(约229Ma)。多种矿物年龄数据联合约束限定茶卡北山锂铍矿床花岗伟晶岩群形成于240~229Ma,后于217~212Ma遭受亚固相线交代。茶卡北山锂铍矿床成岩成矿时代、锆石ε_(Hf)(t)和t_(DM1)年龄与北秦岭官坡-丹凤花岗伟晶岩型锂矿和甘孜-松潘-甜水海花岗伟晶岩锂矿不同,表明其代表青藏高原北缘一个新的伟晶岩锂成矿事件。 相似文献
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S. Viswanathan K. Surya Prakash Rao B. Mahabaleswar 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(6):621-627
Komatiites are mantle-derived ultramafic volcanic rocks. Komatiites have been discovered in several States of India, notably in Karnataka. Studies on the distribution of trace-elements in the komatiites of India are very few. This paper proposes a simple, accurate, precise, rapid, and non-destructive wavelength-dispersive x-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) spectrometric technique for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in komatiites, and discusses the accuracy, precision, limits of detection, x-ray spectral-line interferences, inter-element effects, speed, advantages, and limitations of the technique. The accuracy of the technique is excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th and very good (within 4%) for Y. The precision is also excellent (within 3%) for Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th. The limits of detection are: 1 ppm for Sc and V; 2 ppm for Cr, Co, and Ni; 3 ppm for Cu, Zn, Rb, and Sr; 4 ppm for Y and Zr; 6 ppm for Nb; 10 ppm for Ba; 13 ppm for Pb; and 14 ppm for Th. The time taken for determining Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, Pb, and Th in a batch of 24 samples of komatiites, for a replication of four analyses per sample, by one operator, using a manual WDXRF spectrometer, is only 60 hours. 相似文献
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E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
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奥地利安东帕有限公司 《岩矿测试》2009,28(3):306-306
最新的流行病学研究表明,空气中较高浓度的悬浮细颗粒可能对人类的健康有不利的影响。根据该项研究显示,由于心脏病、慢性呼吸问题和肺功能指标恶化而导致死亡率的升高与细尘粒子有关。这些研究结果已经促使欧盟于1999年4月出台了限制空气中二氧化硫、二氧化氮、氧化氮、铅和颗粒物含量的法案(1999/30/EC),对各项指标包括对可吸入PM10颗粒的浓度提出了新的限制性指标。PM10颗粒是指可以通过预分级器分离采集的气体动力学直径小于10μm的细颗粒。目前研究的兴趣重点逐步偏向PM2.5这些更细微颗粒物,PM2.5这种颗粒物对健康有明显的不利影响。在欧盟指令2008/50/EC中,对PM10和PM2.5都提 相似文献
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Mining induced subsidence can significantly affect mining costs where major surface facilities and natural environment need to be protected. Overburden grout injection is a technology used to control coal mine subsidence by injecting the mine waste material extracted from the coal back into the inter-burden rock during longwall mining. The flowing slurry is here categorised as a nonlinear viscous cohesive (Bingham plastic) fluid. During longwall mining the grout slurry is pumped into the separated beds of the rock mass through a central vertical borehole, which is drilled deep into the inter-burden rock strata above the coal seam. However, a blockage can occur in the injection system when the slurry velocity falls below a certain critical threshold velocity, indicating a material phase change from cohesive-viscous to cohesive-frictional. In situ field injection tests through boreholes have been simulated at a smaller scale at the CSIRO laboratory in Brisbane by pumping the slurry through a radial disk (gap = 4 mm) from its centre. Laboratory experiments indicate a general, nonlinear, cohesive, viscous, frictional model for shear behaviour of the slurry, in which the material shear parameters are functions of the disk radial distance. Complete dimensional and dimensionless analytical solutions have been developed based on an approach related to Bingham–Herschel–Bulkley fluid mechanics. The derived formulae include relations for minimum pump pressure, local pressure and pressure gradient, wall shear stress, volume rate, velocity and velocity gradient. The theoretical results match the experimental measurements. The experiments covered slurries with maximum particle sizes of 0.5 to 2 mm with about 50% being larger than 100 µm. The viscosities at the various solids concentrations were measured with a standard torsion viscometer. This study differs from the previous research in several distinct aspects, namely, consideration of the variable shear parameters rather than fixed values, inclusion of total nonlinear behaviour, and implementation of a friction function to mimic behaviour of the deposited and consolidating stiff slurry, which can cause a significant pressure rise as a result of the increased shear resistance. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》2001,16(2):137-159
Five hundred and ninety-eight samples of terrestrial moss (Hylocomium splendens and Pleurozium schreberi) collected from a 188,000 km2 area of the central Barents region (NE Norway, N Finland, NW Russia) were analysed by ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Analytical results for Al, B, Ba, Ca, K, La, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Si, Sr, Th, U and Y concentrations are reported here. Graphical methods of data analysis, such as geochemical maps, cumulative frequency diagrams, boxplots and scatterplots, are used to interpret the origin of the patterns for these elements. None of the elements reported here are emitted in significant amounts from the smelting industry on the Kola Peninsula. Despite the conventional view that moss chemistry reflects atmospheric element input, the nature of the underlying mineral substrate (regolith or bedrock) is found to have a considerable influence on moss composition for several elements. This influence of the chemistry of the mineral substrate can take place in a variety of ways. (1) It can be completely natural, reflecting the ability of higher plants to take up elements from deep soil horizons and shed them with litterfall onto the surface. (2) It can result from naturally increased soil dust input where vegetation is scarce due to harsh climatic conditions for instance. Alternatively, substrate influence can be enhanced by human activity, such as open-cast mining, creation of ‘technogenic deserts’, or handling, transport and storage of ore and ore products, all of which magnify the natural elemental flux from bedrock to ground vegetation. Seaspray is another natural process affecting moss composition in the area (Mg, Na), and this is most visible in the Norwegian part of the study area. Presence or absence of some plant species, e.g., lichens, seems to influence moss chemistry. This is shown by the low concentrations of B or K in moss on the Finnish and Norwegian side of the (fenced) border with Russia, contrasting with high concentrations on the other side (intensive reindeer husbandry west of the border has selectively depleted the lichen population). 相似文献
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Marta L. PATINO-DOUCE Alberto PATINO-DOUCE Mazhar QAYYUM Roger L. NIELSEN 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1994,18(2):195-198
We have developed a set of four synthetic standards for the rare earth and high field strength elements designed for use in the determination of those elements in silicates. The base material is a glass nominally at the eutectic of the MgO-Al2 O3 -SiO2 ternary system. The nominal doping level was 2 wt% of the elements as oxides. To avoid problems associated with peak interference, the elements were doped in four separate glasses. 相似文献
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Alexander E. C. Broberg J. S. Kehren A. R. Graziani M. M. Turri W. L. 《Environmental Geology》1993,22(4):353-361
Bellechester, Minnesota, is a small community of approximately 155 residents located on the county line between Goodhue and Wabasha counties in southeast Minnesota's karst region. Bellechester is served by a 21-year-old wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) consisting of three waste-stabilization ponds. On 28 April 1992 six sinkholes were discovered to have drained cell 2 of the WWTF resulting in the loss of approximately 8.7×106 1 of partially treated effluent and about 600 m3 of soil into previously undetected subsurface voids of unknown dimensions. In the week following the collapse, approximately 200 water wells located within a 5-km radius of the WWTF were sampled in an after-the-fact, emergency sampling program. Twelve samples with elevated fecal coliform levels, 18 samples with nitrate-nitrogen greater than the 10 mg/1 standard, and no samples with elevated chlorides were found. However, the elevated levels could not be unambiguously attributed to the WWTF collapse. This is the third WWTF to fail by sinkhole collapse in southeast Minnesota since 1974. All three collapsed lagoons have been located in similar geomorphic and stratigraphic settings. However, at least two lagoons have collapsed in the adjacent area in northeast Iowa, and these lagoons are located at different stratigraphic positions. Twenty-two WWTFs constructed in southeast Minnesota's karst region in the last 25 years have been identified as subject to potential sinkhole collapse. An unknown but significant number of manure storage lagoons, flood control structures, etc., have also been constructed in the karst region and are at risk. Public agencies are beginning to develop plans to deal with the risk associated with existing and future waste lagoons in this environment. The critical hydrogeologic parameters that can be used to prioritize the risk of collapse at existing facilities include: (1) the lithology of the first bedrock beneath each lagoon, (2) the thickness of surficial materials between the lagoon and the bedrock surface, (3) the presence and construction of liners (seepage rate), and (4) the proximity to existing sinkholes. 相似文献