磷酸盐、硝酸盐组成对海洋赤潮藻生长的影响   总被引：23，自引：2，他引：23  

王修林  邓宁宁  祝陈坚  韩秀荣  李克强  辛宇  陈莉莉 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,34(3):453-460

应用 1次培养实验方法研究了不同组成磷酸盐 (PO4- P)和硝酸盐 (NO3 - N)对新月菱形藻、旋链角毛藻和中肋骨条藻 3种海洋赤潮藻生长的影响。结果表明 ,L ogistic生长模型可以很好地描述不同组成 PO4- P和 NO3 - N条件下 3种海洋赤潮藻生长状况 ,其中拟合相关系数 R2 =0 .95± 0 .0 3。进一步研究表明 ,3种海洋赤潮藻均存在营养盐生长阈值 C*PO4,C*NO3 ,在本文实验条件下新月菱形藻的 C*PO4为 1.72μmol· L-1,C*NO3 为 4 0 .4 2μmol· L-1;旋链角毛藻的分别为 2 .0 7μmol· L-1和 4 4.76 μmol· L-1;中肋骨条藻的分别为 1.13μmol· L-1和 30 .2 6 μmol· L-1。当 PO4- P,NO3 - N初始浓度分别小于其营养盐生长阈值 C*PO4,C*NO3 时 ,随其初始浓度增加会促进 3种赤潮藻生长 ,但当初始浓度大于营养盐生长阈值时 ,随营养盐初始浓度增加反而会逐渐限制其生长。这表明 3种海洋赤潮藻都存在 1个适宜其生长的 (N∶ P) 最佳值 ,其中新月菱形藻的 (N∶ P) 最佳值 =2 0∶ 1,旋链角毛藻的 (N∶ P) 最佳值 =19∶ 1,中肋骨条藻的 (N∶ P) 最佳值 =32∶ 1。  相似文献   

初析赤潮成因研究的围隔实验结果──几个理化因子与硅藻赤 潮的关系   总被引：16，自引：2，他引：16  

林昱  庄栋法  陈孝麟  唐森铭 《海洋与湖沼》1994,25(2):139-145

从１９９０年以来，在国家海洋局第三海洋研究所地临陆基水池中，应用围隔生态系实验技术对赤潮成因作了几次探索性的研究。针对４次人为引发赤潮的中尺度围隔实验的部分结果，结合已报道的厦门西海域赤潮过程，分析几个主要理化因子（水体稳定性，无机氮，无机磷，可溶性锰锰，可溶性铁和维生Ｂ１２）与硅藻赤潮发生及其规模的关系。  相似文献   

磷酸盐对两种东海典型赤潮藻影响的围隔实验   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

侯继灵  张传松  石晓勇  陆茸  王修林 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,36(Z1):163-169

采用了围隔生态实验方法,研究了围隔中营养盐含量及结构变化和磷酸盐对东海典型赤潮藻种(东海原甲藻和中肋骨条藻)生长的影响。结果表明,在高磷条件下,中肋骨条藻快速增殖,稳定期缩短,细胞数很快下降,而东海原甲藻由于氮源的限制生长期明显缩短。在磷限制条件下,中肋骨条藻细胞增殖受到明显抑制,生物量偏低,而东海原甲藻受到的影响较小。磷可能是东海原甲藻及中肋骨条藻生长的限制因子。氮磷比会影响浮游生物的生长,较高的氮磷比可能对东海原甲藻的生长有利,较低氮磷比则可能有利于中肋骨条藻生长。东海原甲藻能在营养盐浓度较低的生长环境中占有优势,相反,营养盐浓度较高的环境更适合中肋骨条藻的生长,中肋骨条藻具有更强的竞争能力。  相似文献   

Tidal time-scale variation in nutrient flux across the sediment–water interface of an estuarine tidal flat     

Takashi Sakamaki  Osamu Nishimura  Ruichi Sudo 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,67(4):653-663

We determined the range of the tidal variations in nutrient flux across the sediment–water interface and elucidated mechanisms of the flux variation in two estuarine intertidal flats (one sand, one mud) in northeastern Japan. Nutrient flux was measured using in situ light and dark chambers, which were incubated for 2 h, 2–6 times per day. Results showed that nutrient concentration in overlying water varied by tide and was also affected by sewage-treated water inflow. The nutrient fluxes responded quickly to the tidal variation in overlying water chemistry and the range of the variation in flux was as large as the seasonal-scale variation reported in previous studies. In the sand flat, salinity increase likely enhanced benthos respiration and led to increases in both O₂ consumption and PO₄³⁻ regeneration under low illumination, while benthic microalgae were likely to actively generate O₂, uptake PO₄³⁻ and suppress PO₄³⁻ release under high illumination (>900 μmol photons m⁻² s⁻¹). Also in the mud flat, PO₄³⁻ flux was related with O₂ flux, although the range of temporal variation in PO₄³⁻ flux was small. In both the flats, NH₄⁺ flux was always governed by NH₄⁺ concentration in the overlying water; either an increase in NH₄⁺ uptake or a decrease in NH₄⁺ release was observed as the NH₄⁺ concentration rose due to inflow of river water or input of sewage-treated water. Although NO₃⁻ tended to be released in both tidal flats when low NO₃⁻ concentration seawater dominated, their relationship was likely to be weakened under conditions of low oxygen consumption and suppressed denitrification. It is likely that tidal variation in nutrient flux is governed more by the nutrient concentration than other factors, such as benthic biological processes, particularly in the case where nutrient concentration in the overlying water is relatively high and with wide amplitude.  相似文献   

不同浓度亚油酸对日本对虾肝胰腺传代细胞磷含量的影响     

王宏伟  王安利  王维娜  刘瑞兰  候雅宾 《海洋科学》2003,27(9):78-80

在199培养基中加入促进细胞生长的亚油酸 ,对日本对虾(Penaeusjaponicus)肝胰腺细胞进行传代培养,测定传代细胞的总磷、无机磷含量。当亚油酸的加入量为16×10 -5mol/L时,细胞的总磷、有机磷含量均为最高。表明培养基中加入适量亚油酸 ,可促进日本对虾肝胰腺传代细胞的生长  相似文献   

Total waterborne carbon export and DOC composition from ten nested subarctic peatland catchments—importance of peatland cover,groundwater influence,and inter‐annual variability of precipitation patterns     

David Olefeldt  Nigel Roulet  Reiner Giesler  Andreas Persson 《水文研究》2013,27(16):2280-2294

Waterborne carbon (C) export from terrestrial ecosystems is a potentially important flux for the net catchment C balance and links the biogeochemical C cycling of terrestrial ecosystems to their downstream aquatic ecosystems. We have monitored hydrology and stream chemistry over 3 years in ten nested catchments (0.6–15.1 km²) with variable peatland cover (0%–22%) and groundwater influence in subarctic Sweden. Total waterborne C export, including dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), ranged between 2.8 and 7.3 g m^–2 year^–1, representing ~10%–30% of catchment net ecosystem exchange of CO₂. Several characteristics of catchment waterborne C export were affected by interacting effects of peatland cover and groundwater influence, including magnitude and timing, partitioning into DOC, POC, and DIC and chemical composition of the exported DOC. Waterborne C export was greater during the wetter years, equivalent to an average change in export of ~2 g m^–2 year^–1 per 100 mm of precipitation. Wetter years led to a greater relative increase in DIC export than DOC export due to an inferred relative shift in dominance from shallow organic flow pathways to groundwater sources. Indices of DOC composition (SUVA₂₅₄ and a₂₅₀/a₃₆₅) indicated that DOC aromaticity and average molecular weight increased with catchment peatland cover and decreased with increased groundwater influence. Our results provide examples on how waterborne C export and DOC composition might be affected by climate change. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

黄海春季表面海水溶解无机碳的分层研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

张正斌  张闯  刘莲生  宫海东  皇华伟  刘春颖 《海洋科学》2008,32(11):36-43

根据中国SOLAS计划2006年4月航次出海调查所得数据，系统地研究了春季黄海表面海水溶解无机碳（DIC）的分布规律，同时，与2005年3月、5月两个航次的DIC调查结果进行了对比。结果表明：（1）DIC浓度由近岸向外海逐渐降低；（2）DIC浓度在海水微表层中明显大于次表层和表层，呈现富集现象；（3）由于海水微表层的多层模型特征和海水微表层中Gibbs吸附异常的共同作用，使DIC含量在海水微表层、次表层和表层中变化趋势呈现非线性；（4）在连续站的周日变化研究中发现，DIC浓度在02：00～03：00时间范围内出现最大值，在13：00～15：00时间范围内出现最小值，呈“单峰”分布规律；（5）对比2005年研究结果，发现黄海春季表面海水中的DIC浓度在3，4，5月份依次降低；（6）DIC与温度和盐度均呈较明显的负相关性。  相似文献   

The main phosphorous sources in the Changjiang estuary     

杨东方  王凡  苗振清  陈永利  童元正 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2008,26(4):486-497

Analysis using historical data on the phosphate sources in Changjiang （Yangtze River） estuary show that phosphate was supplied equally from the east, south, west and north of the estuary. These sources include the Changjiang River, the Taiwan Warm Current （TWC）, a cyclone-type eddy, and the 32°N Upwelling, supplying different phosphates in different times, ways and intensities. The magnitude of their supplying phosphate concentration was related with the size in the order of the Changjiang River 〈 the TWC 〈 the 32°N Upwelling 〈 the cyclone-type eddy, and the duration of the supplying was： the Changjiang River 〉 the TWC 〉 the cyclone-type eddy 〉 the 32°N Upwelling. The four sources supplied a great deal of phosphate so that the phosphate concentration in the estuary was kept above 0.2 pmol/L in previous years, satisfying the phytoplankton growth. The horizontal and vertical distribution of the phosphate concentration showed that near shallow marine areas at 122°E/31°N, the TWC in low nutrient concentration became an upwelling through sea bottom and brought up nutrients from sea bottom to marine surface. In addition, horizontal distribution of phosphate concentration was consistent with that of algae： Rhizosolenia robusta, Rhizosolenia calcaravis and Skeletonema, which showed that no matter during high water or low water of Changjiang River, these species brought by the TWC became predominant species. Therefore, the authors believe that the TWC flowed from south to north along the coast and played a role in deflecting the Changjiang River flow from the southern side.  相似文献   

象山港溶解无机氮环境容量研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郑军勇  毛新燕  生小萱  孙健安  江文胜 《海洋科学》2020,44(4):13-20

综合考虑凫溪、颜公河、郭巨大碶等10个陆源污染物入海口的影响,建立了象山港三维水质模型并对该海域溶解无机氮(Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen,DIN)时空分布进行了数值模拟。结合象山港海域功能区划要求,通过调整各入海口DIN最低排海浓度(Rmin)的取值范围设置了四类情境,基于排海通量最优化法计算了对应情境下象山港DIN的环境容量。结果表明,象山港DIN环境容量随Rmin的增大而减小,其范围介于127.16~274.17 t/a;同时Rmin的增大也导致各入海口DIN排海通量需要削减,按削减优先程度,可将各入海口划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ四级,入海口所处海域水体半交换时间越长、DIN年排海通量越大,相应的削减优先程度越高。  相似文献   

酸洗法测定海洋沉积物有机碳和无机碳含量的致命缺陷   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

凌晨  刘志飞  张靖雯  赵玉龙  张艳伟  Fernandez Adrian R. 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(8):96-102

Organic and inorganic carbon contents of marine sediments are important to reconstruct marine productivity,global carbon cycle, and climate change. A proper method to separate and determine organic and inorganic carbons is thus of great necessity. Although the best method is still disputable, the acid leaching method is widely used in many laboratories because of its ease-of-use and high accuracy. The results of the elemental analysis of sediment trap samples reveal that organic and inorganic carbon contents cannot be obtained using the acid leaching method, causing an infinitely amplified error when the carbon content of the decarbonated sample is 12%±1% according to a mathematical derivation. Acid fumigation and gasometric methods are used for comparison, which indicates that other methods can avoid this problem in organic carbon analysis. For the first time, this study uncovers the pitfalls of the acid leaching method, which limits the implication in practical laboratory measurement, and recommends alternative solutions of organic/inorganic carbon determination in marine sediments.  相似文献