北京市不同土地利用类型的土壤砷含量特征   总被引：42，自引：4，他引：42  

陈同斌  郑袁明  陈煌  吴泓涛  周建利  罗金发  郑国砥 《地理研究》2005,24(2):229-235

通过对北京市菜地、稻田、果园、绿化地、麦地以及自然土壤6种土地利用类型共500 个土壤样品的调查分析,探讨了不同土地利用方式对土壤砷积累的影响。与北京市土壤背景值相比,砷在土壤中均有不同程度的增加,累积现象比较普遍。在6种土地利用类型中,自然土壤的砷含量最低,最接近背景值;菜地和稻田的土壤砷含量的增加最为显著。以基线值为标准,北京市涉及土地利用的土壤砷含量总体超标率为1.8%;6种土地利用类型中,菜地、果园、麦地三种土壤砷含量的超标率分别为2.6%、2.7%、0.7%。土壤砷含量的平均值由高到低分别为:稻田>绿化地>菜地>果园>麦地>自然土壤。  相似文献   

Is organic matter a source or redox driver or both for arsenic release in groundwater?     

《Physics and Chemistry of the Earth》2013

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ICP-MS测定土壤中的As、Cr、Pb、Se、Cu和Zn   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

万飞  张之鑫 《吉林地质》2010,29(3):90-91,94

本文用电感耦合等离子质谱法(ICP-MS)测定了土壤的As、Cr、Pb、Se、Cu和Zn6种微量元素的质量分数,以In作为内标进行基体效应的补偿,方法快速灵敏,回收率为92.4%～106.8%,相对标准偏差小于5.0%,结果达到国家标准要求。  相似文献   

微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法同时测定化肥中的砷和汞     

周惠琼  朱霞萍  廖余游 《岩矿测试》2012,31(2):268-271

采用微波消解对样品进行前处理,建立了氢化物发生-双道原子荧光光谱同时测定化肥中砷和汞的方法。以20 g/L KBH4为还原剂,8%的盐酸为载液,测定砷和汞的负高压均为270 V,砷的灯电流为60 mA,汞的灯电流为20 mA。讨论了常见元素对测定的干扰,40 g/L的主量元素N、P、K,10倍于砷、汞浓度的杂质元素Te、Ca、Zn、Cu、Cr、Mn、Ni、Sb、Sn、Pb对砷和汞测定的影响满足分析要求。方法测定砷和汞的线性范围As为0.68～100μg/L,Hg为0.12～10μg/L;检出限As为0.68μg/L,Hg为0.12μg/L;方法精密度(RSD,n=5)低于8%。该方法具有前处理简便快速、易于操作、灵敏度高等特点,能满足化肥中砷和汞同时测定的要求。  相似文献   

Determination of Te,As, Bi,Sb and Se (TABS) in Geological Reference Materials and GeoPT Proficiency Test Materials by Hydride Generation‐Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry (HG‐AFS)     

Eduardo Teixeira Mansur  Sarah‐Jane Barnes  Dany Savard  Peter C. Webb 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2020,44(1):147-167

The study of Te, As, Bi, Sb and Se (TABS) has increased over the past years due to their use in the development of low‐carbon energy technologies. However, there is a scarcity of mass fraction values of TABS in geological reference materials. This underlines the difficulty in undertaking routine determinations of these elements. The mass fractions of TABS were determined in geological reference materials using hydride generation‐atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG‐AFS), calibrated with standard solutions. Comparisons with literature values were used to validate the method. Samples from the GeoPT proficiency test were also analysed. For most elements, there are no assigned or even provisional values for many of the GeoPT and reference materials because of the wide range of results reported. For mass fractions above the quantification limit of the method, our results are in good agreement with the median of GeoPT results. Thus, we propose GeoPT median values as informational values for these elements. In contrast, at mass fractions < 0.5 µg g^?1 median values of Se from GeoPT are systematically higher than our results. Our Se results are in agreement with the reference materials down to 0.02 µg g^?1, which suggest that many of the results for Se reported in GeoPT testing are too high.  相似文献   

悬乳体进样-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定油菜籽中的毒性低温元素砷锑镉铊     

董淑霞  谢宁宁  韩继庆  熊俊彪  吴少尉 《岩矿测试》2022,(3):364-373

油菜籽品质及重金属污染程度直接关系到人类健康,对油菜籽中As、Sb、Cd和Tl等有毒元素含量进行监测有助于对食用油生产原材料的提前监控。避开强酸消解前处理的繁琐,为了实现快速测定菜籽中As、Sb、Cd和Tl等易挥发有毒元素的准确含量,以及解决粮油食品脂肪含量高对前处理的挑战,本文采用一种悬浮-乳化协同制样技术,详细考察了影响悬浮-乳化的诸多条件,制得均匀稳定的悬浮-乳化试液(Slurry-Emulsion Solution, SES)体系。在进样效率高的电热蒸发器(ETV)中,优化程序升温参数和改进剂硝酸钯的用量,SES直接进样,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)测定了油菜籽中As、Sb、Cd和Tl。该方法对As、Sb、Cd和Tl的相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为10.1%、8.8%、8.9%、6.4%[c=0.5%(m/V),n=5]。在最佳实验条件下,As、Sb、Cd和Tl检出限(3σ)分别为40.0ng/L、20.0ng/L、50.0ng/L和10.0ng/L,对应原始固体样品的检出限(3σ)分别为8.0ng/g、4.0ng/g、10.0ng/g和2.0ng/g。菜籽样品中As...  相似文献   

降雨径流汇入背景下受纳水体可溶态Ni和As的动态变化     

刘浩峰  刘玉燕  张一玮  丁方方  张牛牛  王林 《热带地理》2022,42(12):2088-2097

选取降雨丰沛、降雨径流突出的热带海岛城市海口美舍河市区河段,使用室内分析与野外采样结合的方法开展降雨径流汇入后受纳水体可溶态Ni和As的动态变化研究。结果表明：降雨径流的汇入直接对受纳水体中Ni和As的固液分配产生干扰,且其对受纳水体Ni和As的输入贡献主要依赖悬浮态,可溶态Ni和As输入相对较弱。具体表现为：降雨径流汇入前受纳水体可溶态Ni和As占总质量浓度的比例分别达到55.67%和94.77%。降雨径流汇入后,受纳水体Ni和As发生一系列动态变化,排水口处可溶态Ni和As占比分别达总质量浓度的20.97%和76.92%,可溶态占比明显下降,变化较为剧烈;排水口下游可溶态Ni和As占比也均下降,分别为47.23%和88.38%。对不同降雨情境下的数据分析发现：当降雨量≤10 mm时,雨前干燥期长短是受纳水体可溶态Ni和As动态变化的主要影响因素;当降雨量在10~30 mm时,雨前干燥期长短、雨强峰值出现时间及其大小是受纳水体可溶态Ni和As对降雨径流响应时间及响应程度的主要影响因素;当降雨量≥30 mm时,雨强峰值出现时间是受纳水体可溶态Ni和As动态变化的主要影响因素。降雨径流对受纳水体可溶态Ni和As的影响存在差异,当干燥期短、且存在最大雨强值过高现象时,受纳水体可溶态As受降雨径流影响小,而可溶态Ni受降雨径流影响明显。  相似文献   

Lacustrine Arcellinida (testate lobose amoebae) as bioindicators of arsenic concentration within the Yellowknife City Gold Project,Northwest Territories,Canada     

《Limnologica》2021

Arcellinida (testate lobose amoebae) were examined in near-surface sediment samples from 30 lakes located within the Gold Terra Resource Corporation (GTRC) Yellowknife City Gold Project, Northwest Territories, Canada, to assess the applicability of using the group as a robust tool to assess Arsenic (As) contamination. Lake contamination by As is of concern in the Yellowknife area because it is derived from geogenic (bedrock) and anthropogenic sources (legacy pollution from former mining operations, particularly the Giant Mine [1948–2004]). Statistical multivariate analyses (cluster analysis, non-metric multidimensional scaling [NMDS], and redundancy analysis [RDA]) were performed on geochemical (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry [ICP-MS]) and organic (loss-on-ignition) data to identify geochemical and hydrogeological controls on the arcellinidan distribution in the lakes. Three distinct faunal assemblages were identified using Cluster analysis and NMDS: 1) Elevated Arsenic Assemblage (EAA; Approximately Unbiased (AU) p-value = 97 %; median As =272.4 mg/kg, range = 42–1353 mg/kg ; n = 9); 2) Centropyxid-Dominated Assemblage (CDA; AU p-value = 87 %; median As =169.7 mg/kg, range 60–233 mg/kg ; n = 9); and, 3) Difflugiid-Dominated Assemblage (DDA; AU p-value = 95 %; median As =61.3 mg/kg, range = 16–316 mg/kg ; n = 12). Six statistically significant controls on assemblage structure were identified using RDA. These were As, calcium, iron, strontium, water depth, and total organic carbon (Arcellinida variance explained = 36.2 %) — As is the most significant control (12.2 %; p-value < 0.002). Stress-tolerant centropyxids dominate in lakes characterized by elevated sedimentary As concentrations (64 % centropyxids in EAA; 40 % centropyxids in CDA), while stress-sensitive taxa thrived in samples associated with lower As concentrations (DDA). Our results corroborate the findings of previous Arcellinida studies in subarctic Canada and confirms the reliability of using Arcellinida as a reconnaissance tool for tracking As contamination in impacted lakes.  相似文献   

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定铁矿石中铬砷镉汞铅   总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3  

陈贺海  鲍惠君  付冉冉  应海松  芦春梅  金献忠  肖达辉 《岩矿测试》2012,31(2):234-240

铁矿石中Cr、As、Cd、Hg和Pb不仅影响冶炼设备和产品性能,同时污染环境。文章以铁矿石标准物质为研究对象,对电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定铁矿石中Cd、As、Cr、Hg和Pb等5种元素进行了适用性探讨。结果表明,与常规的单元素原子吸收光谱法或多元素同步分析电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法相比,用微波消解方法处理铁矿石,具有样品消耗量少(0.1000±0.0200)g、消解用酸少(2.5 mL HCl+0.5 mL HF+1.0 mL HNO3)、排放降低、节约成本等优点,且无需配制铁底液,无需添加任何掩蔽剂,质谱干扰小,适用于分析Cr含量为5.5×10-10～2.5×10-4,As含量为7.6×10-10～1.9×10-4,Cd含量为4.5×10-11～5.5×10-6,Hg含量为1.88×10-9～1.9×10-7,Pb含量为1.2×10-10～3.2×10-5的铁矿石样品。优化后的前处理方法节约了能源、试剂和样品消耗,降低了二次污染和有效损失。  相似文献   

离子色谱-六极碰撞等离子质谱法同时测定水样的砷形态     

张国平  刘丛强  黄荣生 《矿物学报》2004,24(4):325-328

经阴离子色谱柱分离，3mmol／L KH2PO4-K2HPO4(3％CH3OH改进剂)的淋洗液等梯度淋洗，用六极碰撞等离子体质谱仪在线测定了三种砷形态。检出限分别为：As(V)0．49μg/L，As(Ⅲ)0．39μg/L，DMA 0．16μg/L。重复性优于6．0％，三日复现性优于6．1％。为了检验该方法的实际应用性，测定了贵阳市饮用水源阿哈湖的湖水及入湖河水中的砷形态，结果比较理想。  相似文献