Denudation history of the Bocaina Plateau, Serra do Mar, southeastern Brazil: Relationships to Gondwana breakup and passive margin development   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Silvio T. Hiruma  Claudio Riccomini  May C. Modenesi-Gauttieri  Peter C. Hackspacher  Julio C. Hadler Neto  Ana O.B. Franco-Magalhes 《Gondwana Research》2010,18(4):674-687

The Bocaina Plateau, which is situated on the eastern flank of the continental rift of southeastern Brazil, is the highest part of the Serra do Mar. Topographic relief in this area is suggested to be closely related to its complex tectono-magmatic evolution since the breakup of Western Gondwana and opening of the South Atlantic Ocean. Apatite fission track ages and track length distributions from 27 basement outcrops were determined to assess these hypotheses and reconstruct the denudation history of the Bocaina Plateau. The ages range between 303 ± 32 and 46 ± 5 Ma, and are significantly younger than the stratigraphic ages. Mean track lengths vary from 13.44 ± 1.51 to 11.1 ± 1.48 μm, with standard deviations between 1.16 and 1.83 μm. Contrasting ages within a single plateau and similar ages at different altitudes indicate a complex regional tectonothermal evolution. The thermal histories inferred from these data imply three periods of accelerated cooling related to the Early Cretaceous continental breakup, Early Cretaceous alkaline magmatism, and the Paleogene evolution of the continental rift of southeastern Brazil. The oldest fission track ages (> 200 Ma) were obtained in the Serra do Mar region, suggesting that these areas were a long-lived source of sediments for the Paraná, Bauru, and Santos basins.  相似文献   

小江断裂带周边地区三维P波速度结构及其构造意义   总被引：18，自引：6，他引：12       下载免费PDF全文

吴建平  杨婷  王未来  明跃红  张天中 《地球物理学报》2013,56(7):2257-2267

作为青藏高原的东南边界,小江断裂带在高原物质的侧向逃逸中发挥着重要的作用.本文利用流动地震台阵及固定台站的走时观测资料,对小江断裂带及周边区域的壳幔三维P波速度结构进行了研究.结果表明,在中上地壳,小江断裂带内部主要为低速异常,其东侧主要为高速异常.在中下地壳,小江断裂带中部为低速异常,北部和南部主要为高速异常,其中北部的高速异常可延伸到地表附近,南部的高速异常可一直延伸到上地幔.我们推测,小江断裂带中部的低速异常与深部热作用有关;北部的高速异常可能是晚古生代地幔柱活动导致大量基性和超基性幔源物质侵入地壳引起的,它的存在对青藏高原物质向南逃逸起到了一定的阻挡作用,可能是导致川滇活动块体北部次级块体快速抬升的重要因素;南部顶界面向北倾斜的高速异常体对川滇活动块体向南滑移起到了进一步的阻挡作用,导致其上覆的中上地壳低速异常区发生较强的变形和强烈的地震活动,同时在上地幔深度范围起到了稳定的作用,使其南部区域的介质受青藏高原物质向南挤出的影响明显减小.  相似文献   

Inset town plans on large-scale maps of Great Britain     

《The Cartographic journal》2013,50(2):118-136

Abstract

Although widely known, the inset town plans which appeared on large-scale maps of Great Britain have never been systematically listed and analysed. Inset town plans are discussed in terms of their design and content, and the rare process of revision is illuminated. Particular attention is focussed on the sources of plans and patterns of occurrence and authorship are identified. From this detailed analysis, a picture of their strengths and weaknesses for the urban historian is developed.  相似文献   

藏东南措美大火成岩省中OIB型镁铁质岩的全岩地球化学和锆石Hf同位素   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

夏瑛  朱弟成  赵志丹  王青  袁四化  陈越  莫宣学 《岩石学报》2012,28(5):1588-1602

西藏南东部新识别出来的措美大火成岩省的地幔柱头部物质成分尚未得到很好的约束。为探讨此问题,在全岩地球化学数据基础上,本文首次报道了藏东南措美大火成岩省中机布淌、打隆、措美和哲古错OIB型镁铁质岩的锆石Hf同位素和微量元素数据。本文报道的OIB型镁铁质岩包括碱性(组Ⅰ)和亚碱性(组Ⅱ)系列的辉长岩和辉绿岩,以岩墙或岩床的形式产出。这些镁铁质岩具有高的TiO₂(2.61%～4.07%)和P₂O₅(0.32%～0.51%)含量,富集轻稀土元素和高场强元素,地球化学特征类似于OIB。全岩微量元素地球化学指标显示组Ⅰ样品没有或很少受到地壳混染,组Ⅱ样品经历了较高程度的地壳混染。组Ⅰ中一件样品(JBT03-1)具有变化范围大的锆石ε_Hf(t)值(-4.8～+5.3),可能暗示其受到了地壳和/或岩石圈地幔物质的混染。本文结果表明锆石Hf同位素比全岩地球化学数据能够更为有效地识别基性岩浆是否受到地壳和/或岩石圈地幔物质混染。措美大火成岩省中的OIB型镁铁质岩样品(组Ⅰ和组Ⅱ),具有不同于俯冲带镁铁质岩和洋壳镁铁质岩的锆石稀土元素配分型式和锆石Ti温度,这可能是岩浆源区温度和成分不同的结果。综合考虑全岩地球化学和锆石Hf同位素指标,本文提出未受到地壳或岩石圈地幔混染的打隆镇辉长岩体(以组I中的DL01样品为代表)很可能代表了措美大火成岩省纯的地幔柱头部物质成分[⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr_(t)=0.7047,ε_Nd(t=+1.5,ε_Hf(t=+2.1～+5.7]。这些成分与代表白垩纪Kerguelen地幔柱头部物质的Site 1138和Bunbury Casuarina玄武岩非常相似,可能指示措美大火成岩省中的OIB型镁铁质岩本身就是Kerguelen地幔柱头部物质发生减压熔融的产物。  相似文献   

大别地块东南缘变质P-T条件及锆石U-Pb年代学研究     

石永红  王娟  康涛  徐旭峰 《岩石学报》2013,29(5):1540-1558

大别山东南缘高压-超高压地块一直为研究的热点地区,人们普遍认同其是由2个具有不同变质级别的单元构成,并以此为基点探讨大别造山带的俯冲、折返机制.然而,由于工作程度所限,对于大别山腹地店前-寺前-罗溪地区一直缺乏详细的资料,对其确实的变质属性及年龄并不清晰,限制了人们对该地区客观的结构单元划分的准确理解.本次通过区域变质岩石学和年代学的研究,详实地分析了该地块的结构构成.研究显示,大别山东南缘高压-超高压地块由2个超高压单元和1高压单元构成,并呈岩石-构造岩片形式相互叠置,其变质P-T条件分别为:(1)单元-Ⅰ:-T=723±22℃和-P=3.90±0.43GPa(金刚石稳定域);(2)单元-Ⅱ:-T=630 ±45℃和P=3.10 ±0.23GPa(柯石英稳定域);(3)单元-Ⅲ:-T=545±24℃和-P=2.48±0.11GPa(石英稳定域).锆石U-Pb年龄表明这三个单元具有穿时性,形成于不同的时间段,自单元-Ⅰ、单元-Ⅱ至单元-Ⅲ,年龄分别为226.4±2.6Ma→230.1±3.5Ma→235.2±4.2Ma年龄(徐旭峰等,2013).在空间分布上自北向南,总体的峰期变质P-T条件逐渐降低,年龄则逐渐变老.但由于风化剥蚀作用,在马龙-石马一线的单元-Ⅰ以构造窗形式产出,致使P-T条件呈现跳跃性的变化.石永红等:大别地块东南缘变质P-T条件及锆石U-Pb年代学研究  相似文献   

黔东南凯里—麻江—丹寨地区奥陶系红花园组古岩溶储层特征     

淡永  梁彬  曹建文  张庆玉 《海相油气地质》2013,(1):33-38

黔东南凯里—麻江—丹寨地区(构造上位于黔南坳陷东北部)下奥陶统红花园组为一套生物碎屑灰岩。该区已发现的麻江古油藏尚未取得油气勘探进展。对区内多处露头剖面中—下奥陶统进行了宏观勘查和采样以及岩样微观薄片分析,证实该套地层曾发生古岩溶作用,并可识别出埋藏岩溶和风化壳岩溶两类古岩溶作用。基于这些岩溶剖面的对比分析,发现古风化壳岩溶受早中奥陶世古隆起及剥蚀时间控制,主要发育于古隆起区麻江古油藏一带,而其它地区为埋藏岩溶。认为古风化壳岩溶形成大量溶蚀孔洞缝,为红花园组提供了优质储层条件。此外在中—下奥陶统大湾组碎屑岩覆盖下的红花园组碳酸盐岩也可以发生埋藏岩溶并形成较好的岩溶型储层。红花园组在黔南坳陷东北部的油藏大多有过暴露或破坏。认为在坳陷西南部寻找古隆起区附近的上述两类储层应是油气勘探方向。  相似文献   

Characteristics and evaluation of Mesozoic source rocks in the southeastern East China Sea continental shelf     

《China Geology》2019,2(2):133-141

Source rocks are the material basis of oil and gas generation and determine the potential resources of exploration blocks and have important research value. This paper studies the lithology, thickness, and geochemistry of Mesozoic source rocks in the southeastern East China Sea continental shelf. The results show that the Mesozoic source rocks are mainly dark mudstone and coal-bearing strata. The total thickness of Lower–Middle Jurassic source rocks ranges from 100 m to 700 m, and that of Lower Cretaceous source rocks ranges from 50 m to 350 m. The overall thickness of Mesozoic source rocks is distributed in the NE direction and their thickness center is located in the Jilong Depression. The Lower–Middle Jurassic source rocks are mainly developed shallow marine dark mudstone and transitional coal measure strata. Those of the Lower Cretaceous are mainly mudstone of a fan delta front. Lower–Middle Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous hydrocarbon source rocks are dominated by type III kerogen, with Lower–Middle Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks having high organic matter abundance and being medium–good hydrocarbon source rocks, while Lower Cretaceous hydrocarbon source rocks have relatively poor quality. From northwest to southeast, the vitrinite reflectance Ro of Mesozoic source rocks increases gradually. Source rocks in the study area are divided into three types. The first hydrocarbon-generating area is mainly located in the southeastern region of the study area, and the Jilong Depression is the hydrocarbon-generating center. The results of this study can provide a basis for exploration of Mesozoic oil and gas resources in the southeastern East China Sea continental shelf.© 2019 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

Role of Meso-Scale Eddies on Circulation in the South Eastern Arabian Sea in 2009     

A. Raghunadha Rao  G. Nageswara Rao  P. Sreenivas  P. V. Hareesh Kumar 《Marine Geodesy》2013,36(3):319-333

Spatial current data were collected from South eastern Arabian Sea during July 2009 (summer monsoon) and December 2009 (winter monsoon) using the vessel mounted Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP). During July 2009, observed ADCP currents were flowing southward along 75°E longitude with a complex pattern near the coast. During winter (December 2009), an anti-clockwise rotation of currents was observed in the study region, with its eastern arm along the southwest coast of India. The circulation pattern observed during the two seasons from ADCP measured data does not seem to follow any pattern described in climatology. To investigate this aspect, the geostrophic currents were computed utilizing the multi-mission altimeter sea surface height anomaly data for the corresponding months. The analysis of geostrophic currents indicates the presence of multiple eddies embedded in the Laccadive Low (LL) /Laccadive High (LH). Our present study shows that the meso-scale eddies embedded in the LL and LH play a significant role in deviating the observed circulation from climatology in this region. In addition, generating mechanisms of these eddies are addressed to substantiate our findings. The formation of these eddies is attributed to the local wind force during July 2009 and the enhanced baroclinic instability during December 2009.  相似文献   

渝东南地区石牛栏组稀土元素地球化学特征及地质意义          下载免费PDF全文

王杰  谭先锋  陈浩  陈青  冉天  王佳  蒋威 《地质找矿论丛》2017,32(2):273-285

渝东南地区的下志留统石牛栏组作为重要的油气储集层,研究其古环境变化、物质来源及物源区构造背景具有重要意义。本文采用稀土元素总量w(ΣREE)、REE配分模式、以及w(ΣLREE)/w(ΣHREE)、w(La)_N/w(Yb)_N、w(Ce)_N/w(Yb)_N、w(La)_N/w(Sm)_N、w(Gd)_N/w(Yb)_N、δEu、δCe、Ce_(anom)等特征值研究方法,对渝东南下志留统石牛栏组典型剖面的稀土元素特征及古海洋环境和物源进行深入研究。结果表明:石牛栏组灰岩稀土元素总量略低于大陆地壳平均值,轻稀土较为富集,重稀土亏损,铕明显负异常,铈负异常较微弱。w(ΣREE)证实了石牛栏组的沉积水体由浅缓慢变深再急剧变浅的变化过程。Eu负异常、Ce负异常和C_(eanom)值均揭示石牛栏组沉积时期海水具有弱还原性。REE的分异程度反映了石牛栏组从沉积早期到沉积晚期,沉积速率总体降低。稀土元素的比值特征及w(ΣREE)—w(La)/w(Yb)图解表明其物源源自雪峰山隆起,源岩主要为沉积岩。  相似文献   

吉林东南部晚中生代中酸性火山作用成因的地球化学制约   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

李超文  郭锋  赵亮  李红霞 《岩石学报》2010,26(4):1074-1088

详细的主、微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素研究结果显示,延吉地区晚中生代(早白垩世)中酸性火山岩具有岛弧型微量元素特征(富集轻稀土(LREE)、大离子亲石元素(LILE)和亏损高场强元素(HFSE)),和中等放射成因Sr、Pb及类似于硅质地球的Nd同位素组成(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr(i)=0.70437～0.70525;~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb(i)=18.19～18.37,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb(i)=15.54～15.57,~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb(i)=38.13～38.22;ε_(Nd)(t)=-2.75～+1.61)。其Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成特征类似于区域同期基性火山岩和大兴安岭地区同时代火山岩。这些广泛分布于吉林南部的晚中生代中酸性火山岩是岩石圈地幔来源岩浆经分离结晶或地壳物质混染/AFC过程的产物。吉林省东南部晚中生代不同区域火山岩的Sr-Nd-Pb同位素对比结果显示,辽源-延吉与通化地区分属不同构造单元,其中辽源-延吉一带则为中亚造山带的东段,而通化地区为华北克拉通的一部分,夹皮沟-松江断裂可能是华北克拉通东北缘的边界。  相似文献