相对剥夺视角下的乡村旅游地居民不规范行为研究 ——以江西婺源县李坑、思溪为例   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

王文辉  白冰  张茵 《地理科学》2019,39(11):1814-1821

居民不规范行为危害性极大,传统相关研究多基于社会交换视角,存在一定局限。相对剥夺理论在研究人们的不规范行为上存在一定优势,但鲜有应用于旅游研究。以社区问题明显的李坑、思溪两村落为例,结合相对剥夺理论对居民不规范行为的成因和形式等进行了定性分析。与传统研究不同,发现居民不规范行为与其对旅游负面影响的纵向感知并无直接关系,而主要与横向剥夺感相关。研究表明,相对剥夺理论或可作为居民旅游态度和行为研究的新视角,并在预防和管控旅游地社区问题方面具有重要现实意义。  相似文献   

用一种新滤波函数进行CT图像的局部重建     

徐茂林  邱钧  范惠荣  张兆田  李兴东 《CT理论与应用研究》2004,13(1):54-58

本文阐述了用一种新型滤波函数进行CT图象局部重建的原理,并给出了这种重建的二次误差估计.本文选用一种新的滤波函数,它的旁瓣衰减很快,经证明在可能选取的滤波函数中,它的衰减是最快的.新滤波函数由于空域的迅速衰减性,因此具有良好的局部重建性质.同时保持该滤波函数的其它特性,能够有效地抑制噪声,补偿混迭效应,并缓解Gibbs效应.应用新滤波函数,忽略远离计算点的数据,从而直接用CBP实现图像局部重建.在计算机上对模拟和实测数据进行局部重建的实验结果表明本文建议的图像局部重建算法简便快速,重建图象Gibbs效应减小并与用全部数据的CBP重建图像比较仍具有较高的空间及密度分辨率.  相似文献   

天山南坡科其卡尔巴契冰川消融期气候特征分析   总被引：12，自引：7，他引：5  

张勇  刘时银  韩海东  王建  谢昌卫  上官东辉 《冰川冻土》2004,26(5):545-550

通过分析天山南坡科其卡尔巴契冰川区的气候变化特征及其对冰川消融变化过程的影响, 研究了冰川对气候变化的响应机理及其对塔里木河水资源的影响规律.科其卡尔巴契冰川区夏季气温比较高, 基本处于正温, 日较差较小; 气温直减率较小, 平均值为0.60·℃\5(100m)-1, 冰川冷效应不明显; 对流性降水较多, 降水量的75%发生在白天; 冰川区局地环流--山谷风发育, 海拔3 900 m以上冰川受西风环流影响显著; 净辐射在7月和8月中上旬均较大, 在8月下旬后净辐射开始逐渐减小, 与冰川消融是一致的. 7月初至7月下旬是消融较强的两个时段, 冰川平均消融速率为38.66 mm·5d-1, 到8月中旬消融速率略有降低, 平均为34.79 mm·d-1, 至9月中旬降至28.83 mm·d-1.  相似文献   

Funding low carbon cities: local perspectives on opportunities and risks     

Rory Sullivan  Andy Gouldson  Phil Webber 《Climate Policy》2013,13(4):514-529

There are compelling reasons for policy makers to be interested in the low-carbon agenda. More than half of the world's population lives in, and more than half of the world's economic output comes from, cities. Up to 70% of global carbon emissions can also be attributed to consumption that takes place in cities. Recent research has shown that cost-effective investments in low-carbon options could deliver a 40% reduction in GHG emissions from cities by 2020, while also providing wider economic benefits such as enhanced competitiveness and increased employment. As yet, however, investments in low-carbon cities have not been made at scale due mainly to the scale of the finance required, local government budgetary constraints, and perceptions about their costs and benefits. With a focus on the UK, a contemporary account is provided of what local authorities see as the major financial risks associated with funding low-carbon cities. Practical proposals – which also have more general relevance to the future financing of low-carbon cities around the world – are offered on how local authorities, in conjunction with central government, the private sector, and institutional investors, can effectively manage these risks.

Policy relevance

Cities house more than half of the world's population, generate more than half of the world's economic output, and produce between 40% and 70% of all anthropogenic GHG emissions. In the UK, 70% of such emissions are under the influence of its local authorities. Thus, one of the key public policy challenges for the low-carbon transition is how it should be financed. There are several obstacles and related risks to this transition, including financial and legal obstacles and the differing views and perceptions of stakeholders. These can be attenuated, somewhat, by national government support at scale, local authority leadership, and cooperation between other authorities and the private sector, and the development of tools and guidance to reduce transaction costs.  相似文献   

以地理国情监测为契机改造地理科学专业——以滁州学院为例     

吴见  戴仕宝  王栋  周亮广  刘成英 《测绘工程》2014,23(10):76-80

在当前社会经济发展形势下,传统地理科学专业人才培养模式存在着诸多不足,实践能力弱、就业范围窄、学无所用等。结合当前学科发展趋势,对传统地理科学专业进行改造,以滁州学院为例,在充分分析总结地科专业发展现状的基础上,阐述了该专业应紧紧抓住地理国情监测这一契机确定专业改革方向,并对改革的可行性与发展目标进行了详细论述和讨论,认为以地理国情监测为契机改造地理科学专业是可行的。可为地方院校地理科学专业向地理国情监测方向转型提供参考。  相似文献   

几种常用平面直角坐标系与国家统一3°带坐标系转换原理、方法     

钱小龙  路晓明  冯梅 《测绘与空间地理信息》2014,(11)

开展大比例尺测图时,当测区距离国家统一3°带中央子午线较远或测区高程较大时,国家统一3°带坐标系不能满足城市建设和工程建设的需要,需要建立长度变形值不大于2．5 cmk／m 的地方平面直角坐标系。地方平面直角坐标系是国家统一3°带平面直角坐标系的变换,本文研究几种常用地方平面直角坐标系与国家统一3°带坐标系相互转换的原理与方法。  相似文献   

强矿震地球物理过程及短临阶段预测的研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李铁  蔡美峰  孙丽娟  左艳  冀林旺 《地球物理学进展》2004,19(4):961-967

基于中尺度地震实验场高密度数字地震和前兆台网对抚顺老虎台矿两次强矿震进行连续的现场观测,用地震学方法和小波工具分析强矿震孕震过程采集到的数据,提取短临阶段的异常信息;用区域强震震源机制解、强矿震的震源机制解、极近场震源调查、震源高精度定位、现场绝对地应力测量、三维有限差分数值试验方法,分析强矿震的孕震应力场环境和震源机制;通过定量观察采矿与矿震活动的相关性,分析强矿震的直接诱发原因．提出地质构造环境、地应力场和采矿活动共同作用诱发强矿震的机理和局部应力场在孕育该震过程起主导作用、卸荷重力应力场抑或耦合了高压瓦斯的膨胀起主要诱发作用的观点;发现煤炭深部开采条件下,矿震和瓦斯存在密切的相关性,有可能存在一种开采卸荷和高压瓦斯气体膨胀耦合作用诱发的新型矿震——卸胀耦合型矿震;提取到震前短临阶段存在的b值、η值、频次、波速比等可信的地震学异常和定点潮汐形变前兆异常,对异常信息的提取方法和强矿震短临阶段的预测进行了探讨．  相似文献   

城市热岛和海风环流相互作用的数值模拟研究进展   总被引：8，自引：1，他引：7  

苗峻峰 《南京气象学院学报》2014,(4):521-528

在沿海城市地区,城市热岛环流和海风环流往往同时存在;它们在空气污染物的传输和扩散中均起至关重要的作用,对强对流天气亦有重要的触发作用.随着城市化的发展,空气污染等环境问题变得越来越严峻,突然性强对流天气所造成的灾害也越来越严重.因此,沿海城市地区城市热岛和海风环流相互作用的研究受到日益广泛的关注.本文回顾了近30 a来国内外关于城市热岛和海风环流相互作用数值模拟的研究历史,分析了目前的研究现状及存在的一些问题,概述了城市化、城市热岛对海风环流的影响,海风对城市热岛、城市热岛环流的影响,以及城市热岛环流和海风环流的耦合效应.最后,本文提出了一些有待于研究或需深入研究的问题;这些问题的研究将有助于进一步揭示沿海城市地区空气污染动力学机制、强对流天气触发机制.  相似文献   

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������  ����־  ��˧  κ���� 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(6):60-65

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THE CHARACTERISTICS OF AIR-SEA HEAT FLUX EXCHANGE DURING THE GENERATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL TYPHOONS OVER THE SOUTH CHINA SEA     

蒋迪  黄菲  郝光华  黄健  吕卫华 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2014,20(2):93-102

A South China Sea （SCS） local TC （SLT） is defined as a tropical cyclone （TC） that forms within the SCS region and can reach the grade of tropical storm （TS） or above. The statistical features of the SLTs from 1985 to 2007 are analyzed first. It is found that over the SCS about 68% of the TCs can develop into TSs. The SLT intensity is relatively weak and associated with its genesis latitude as well as its track. The SLT monthly number presents a seasonal variation with two peaks in May and July to September. Based on the daily heat flux data from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution_Objectively Analyzed air-sea Fluxes （WHOI_OAFlux） in the same period, the air-sea exchange during the process of generation and development of the SLT is studied. Results show that the heat fluxes released to the atmosphere increase significantly day by day before cyclogenesis. The ocean to the south to the TC center provides the main energy. Along with the development of SLT, the regions with large heat fluxes spread clockwise to the north of TC, which reflects the energy dispersion property of vortex Rossby waves in the periphery of the TC. Once the SLT forms the heat fluxes are not intensified as much. During the whole process, the net heat, latent heat and sensible heat flux display a similar evolution, while the latent heat flux makes a main contribution to the net heat flux. The maximum air-sea heat exchange always occurs at the left side of the TC moving direction, which may reflect the influence of the SCS summer monsoon on TC structure.  相似文献