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波浪爬高是海岸工程中重要的水动力学问题之一,其数值模拟方法通常是通过离散Navier-Stokes方程或Boussinesq方程实现的,其中基于光滑粒子流体动力学方法是近年发展起来的。本文应用该方法模拟相同水深下,不同波高的孤立波在45(°)陡坡上的爬高,模拟结果与理论计算结果及已有物理模型试验结果进行了对比,并模拟出孤立波激散破碎过程及粒子分布和速度场的变化过程。结果表明,对密度近似方程进行重新初始化保持了流场内的质量守恒,同时整个计算域内的压力分布更加规则,说明光滑粒子流体动力学法在波浪爬高计算中的有效性。 相似文献
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针对近岸海域极端海况的防灾减灾问题,准确模拟追踪海啸波传播过程,再现液面局部射流、崩破波等波面湍动现象。建立SPH数值水槽,边界条件基于固壁粒子法,减少海堤坡角改变对计算域精度的影响,讨论粒子间距设置对模拟精度的影响。模拟7种不同海堤坡角下波浪的爬高与衰减情况,讨论了海堤坡角变化对消波系数的影响。当粒子间距设置为0.002 m时,模型能准确地捕捉海啸波的强非线性现象。随着海堤坡角增大,海啸波峰值爬升率增大,波浪越堤后因崩破波的产生,波能衰减进一步加剧。当坡角较小时,消波系数随坡角的增大提升明显,而后趋于缓慢增长。 相似文献
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灾害性波浪是中国沿海地区最具破坏性的自然灾害之一。采用开源程序OpenFOAM中interFoam求解器,对低顶海堤（在风暴潮和海平面上升情况下所面临的不利工况）的孤立波越浪特性开展数值模拟研究。通过孤立波冲击海堤的基准算例,验证模型在模拟波浪爬升和越浪过程中大变形波面以及剧烈波浪力方面的精度。基于验证的数值模型,对孤立波在低顶海堤上的越浪特征以及防浪墙高度对越浪的影响开展参数化研究。结果表明堤顶超高减小导致更为剧烈的越浪。针对尚无低顶海堤孤立波越浪量经验公式的问题,提出新的适用于堤顶超高小或为0的孤立波越浪量经验公式。此外,研究发现增加防浪墙高度可有效减少越浪,但防浪墙所受的波浪力也增大。综合考虑防浪墙减少越浪以及自身所受波浪力,针对文中研究采用的海堤截面和波浪条件,建议无量纲防浪墙高度取为1.00。 相似文献
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不同TVD 格式对内孤立波数值模拟结果影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了研究不同TVD格式对内孤立波模拟结果的影响,利用改进后的SUNTANS三维非静压海洋模型,通过理想算例和南海东北部海域内孤立波的模拟,比较分析了求解温盐方程TVD格式的4种经典通量限制函数(superbee, minmod, van Leer和MUSCL)对计算结果的影响。综合理想算例和南海东北部海域模拟结果,在所讨论的4种通量限制函数中,利用MUSCL限制函数所得模拟结果最优,建议在南海东北部海域内孤立波模拟中采用MUSCL限制函数。 相似文献
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在有、无礁冠两种典型岛礁剖面地形上开展孤立波冲击礁坪上直墙的二维水槽试验和数值模拟研究。通过OpenFOAM结合k-ε湍流模型进行RANS数值模拟,基于试验数据和验证后的RANS模拟结果,研究了岛礁剖面上孤立波传播的水动力特性及其对直墙的作用,并探讨了礁冠的存在对直墙所受冲击的影响。结果表明:RANS(k-ε)模型能够准确还原孤立波在岛礁地形上的主要传播特征,但在波浪破碎的情况下,RANS数值模拟不够精细,尤其对直墙所受瞬击荷载的捕捉能力欠缺;礁冠的存在,增强了波浪反射,使得波浪提前破碎,减小了直墙上的波浪爬升和最大动压。 相似文献
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基于MCC理论的内孤立波数值模拟 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于MCC(Miyata-Choi-Camassa)理论,将内孤立波诱导上下层深度平均水平速度为入口条件,结合理想流体完全非线性欧拉方程,建立了两层流体中内孤立波生成与传播的CFD(Computational Fluid Dynamics)数值水槽方法。在系列数值模拟基础上,获得了内孤立波设计振幅与数值模拟振幅之间的相关关系,实现了在振幅可控条件下的内孤立波数值模拟。结果表明,在极限振幅范围内,数值模拟所得内孤立波波形均与MCC理论解吻合良好,而KdV(Korteweg-de Vries)和mKdV(modi-fied KdV)理论解只适用于小振幅的情况。同时,利用CFD数值模拟结果,对内孤立波诱导流速场特性进行了分析,结果表明内孤立波诱导水平速度在上层及波面下方流体层中垂向衰减很小,但在内界面与波面之间流体层中垂向衰减明显。 相似文献
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针对内孤立波与系泊浮式平台的耦合作用问题,本文以单立柱Spar型浮式风机平台为研究对象,研究了平台在内孤立波作用下的耦合运动特性。利用重叠网格技术及自编耦合动力程序,以计算流体动力学求解Navier-Stokes流体控制方程,建立了Spar型浮式风机平台与内孤立波(Internal solitary waves, ISWs)流固耦合作用数值模型。通过系列数值模拟,研究了Spar型浮式风机平台在内孤立波作用下的水平动态载荷和纵荡、横荡规律。研究表明,内孤立波对Spar平台会产生较显著的水平作用力,并产生大幅的水平位移;在水深一定时,同一流体分层比下,随着内孤立波振幅提高,纵荡运动幅值增大;当振幅一定时,随着流体分层比的增大,纵荡幅值减小;通过调整系泊系统,发现非线性系泊系统下平台纵荡幅值要大于线性系泊系统下的情况,即线性系泊系统会低估纵荡运动幅值。 相似文献
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The concept of candidate particle set is introduced in the MPS gridless numerical method to generate neighboring particle set matrix, which can reduce the CPU time to 1/11 of that before introduction. The Bi-CGSTAB (bi-conjugate gradient stabilized) algorithm is applied to solving the Poisson pressure equation, by which the solving speed is significantly accelerated. The process of solitary waves propagating over a numerical flume and interacting with a vertical wall is simulated. The simulated results of water surface elevation are in good agreement with the analytical solution as well as the measured data. The predicted maximum values of the run-up of solitary waves with various relative incident wave heights agree well with the measured results. 相似文献
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张力腿平台内孤立波作用特性数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
依据三类内孤立波理论KdV、eK dV和MCC的适用性条件,采用Navier-Stokes方程为流场控制方程,以内孤立波诱导上下层深度平均水平速度作为入口边界条件,建立了两层流体中内孤立波对张力腿平台强非线性作用的数值模拟方法。结果表明,数值模拟所得内孤立波波形及其振幅与相应理论和实验结果一致,并且在内孤立波作用下张力腿平台水平力、垂向力及力矩数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合。研究同时表明,张力腿平台内孤立波载荷由波浪压差力、粘性压差力和摩擦力构成,其中摩擦力很小,可以忽略;水平力的主要成分为波浪压差力和粘性压差力,粘性压差力与波浪压差力相比较小却不可忽略,流体粘性的影响较小;垂向力中粘性压差力很小,流体粘性影响可以忽略。 相似文献
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The accuracy of several asymptotic series expansions for wave speed and particle velocity under the crest of a solitary wave (on a fluid at rest) up to maximum height is investigated. The very accurate numerical results of Williams (1985) are the measure for our comparisons. The results are based on a scaling of calculated properties of long periodic waves to the case of solitary waves.For wave speeds the classical Boussinesq–Rayleigh expression gives good agreement up to a relative wave height of, say, 0.3. An asymptotic fourth-order expression based on Fenton (1990) can be used up to a relative wave height of 0.7, whereas the corresponding fifth-order expression is slightly less accurate.The Eulerian particle velocity profile under the wave crest is examined using a cnoidal wave expression from Fenton (1990) in the limit of the solitary wave. For low waves a `consistent' (i.e. properly truncated) fifth-order expression and an `inconsistent' ditto both coincide with Williams' results. Beginning at medium high waves, the consistent expression surprisingly exhibits oscillations in the velocity profile, and the oscillations become stronger as the wave gets higher. The inconsistent expression, however, yields the same shape as Williams' profile, but is displaced parallel to this, resulting in slightly larger velocities. For high waves also the inconsistent expression begins to differ in shape from Williams' profile, and asymptotic theory fails. Only for low waves `lowest order theory' gives acceptable results. We show analytically that for the highest wave the particle velocity profile has a horizontal tangent at the water surface; this is corroborated by Williams' numerical results.We also study the particle velocity at the wave crest as a function of wave height. It is shown that the variation has a vertical tangent for the highest wave. Two fifth-order asymptotic series for this velocity, based on the wave speed through the Bernoulli equation, show very good agreement with Williams up to a relative wave height of about 0.6.It is finally shown that it is possible to produce very accurate rational-function approximations to Williams' results for the wave speed as well as for the particle velocity at the wave crest. 相似文献
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孤立波与带窄缝双箱相互作用模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对孤立波与带窄缝双箱的作用问题,应用时域高阶边界元方法建立了二维数值水槽。其中,自由水面满足完全非线性运动学和动力学边界条件,对瞬时自由表面流体质点采用混合欧拉-拉格朗日法追踪,采用四阶龙格库塔法对下一时刻的自由水面的速度势和波面升高进行更新。采用加速度势法求解物体湿表面的瞬时波浪力。采用推板方法生成孤立波。通过模拟孤立波在直墙上的爬高以及施加在直墙上的波浪力,并与已发表的实验和数值结果对比,验证本数值模型的准确性。通过数值模拟计算研究了窄缝宽度、方箱尺寸对波浪在箱体迎浪侧爬高,窄缝内波面升高,箱体背浪侧透射波高及箱体受波浪荷载的影响。同时研究了有一定时间间隔的双孤立波与带窄缝双箱系统作用问题。 相似文献
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提出了一种对内孤立波与深海立管相互作用耦合数值模拟方法。流场采用内孤立波数值水槽方法进行模拟,结构响应采用基于薄壳理论的有限元方法进行计算,采用一种将流场和结构响应数据进行实时传输的方法,实现了流体与固体之间的耦合数值模拟。对内孤立波作用下某长径比为1 200的深海立管载荷及其动力响应特性进行了数值模拟与分析。结果表明内孤立波不仅会对深海立管产生突发性剪切载荷作用,而且还会使立管产生大幅度变形响应现象,因此在深海立管设计与应用中,内孤立波的影响是不可忽视的。研究表明,该方法为研究内孤立波作用下深海立管动力特性及其工程预报相关问题提供了一种有效的手段。 相似文献
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Solitary waves have been commonly used as an initial condition in the experimental and numerical modelling of tsunamis for decades. However, the main component of a tsunami waves acts at completely different spatial and temporal scales than solitary waves. Thus, use of solitary waves as approximation of a tsunami wave may not yield realistic model results, especially in the coastal region where the shoaling effect restrains the development of the tsunami wave. Alternatively, N-shaped waves may be used to give a more realistic approximation of the tsunami wave profile. Based on the superposition of the sech2(*) waves, the observed tsunami wave profile could be approximated with the N-shaped wave method, and this paper presents numerical simulation results based on the tsunami-like wave generated based on the observed tsunami wave profile measured in the Tohoku tsunami. This tsunami-like wave was numerically generated with an internal wave source method based on the two-phase incompressible flow model with a Volume of Fluid (VOF) method to capture the free surface, and a finite volume scheme was used to solve all the governing equations. The model is first validated for the case of a solitary wave propagating within a straight channel, by comparing its analytical solutions to model results. Further, model comparisons between the solitary and tsunami-like wave are then made for (a) the simulation of wave run-up on shore and (b) wave transport over breakwater. Comparisons show that use of these largely different waveform shapes as inputs produces significant differences in overall wave evolution, hydrodynamic load characteristics as well as velocity and vortex fields. Further, it was found that the solitary wave uses underestimated the total energy and hence underestimated the run-up distance. 相似文献
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Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics method (SPH) has a good adaptability for simulating of free surface flow problems. However, there are some shortcomings of SPH which are still in open discussion. This paper presents a corrected solid boundary handling method for weakly compressible SPH. This improved method is very helpful for numerical stability and pressure distribution. Compared with other solid boundary handling methods, this corrected method is simpler for virtual ghost particle interpolation and the ghost particle evaluation relationship is clearer. Several numerical tests are given, like dam breaking, solitary wave impact and sloshing tank waves. The results show that the corrected solid boundary processing method can recover the spurious oscillations of pressure distribution when simulating the problems with complex geometry boundary. 相似文献
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Owing to lack of observational data and accurate definition,it is difficult to distinguish the Kuroshio intrusion water from the Pacific Ocean into the South China Sea(SCS).By using a passive tracer to identify the Kuroshio water based on an observation-validated three-dimensional numerical model MITgcm,the spatio-temporal variation of the Kuroshio intrusion water into the SCS has been investigated.Our result shows the Kuroshio intrusion is of distinct seasonal variation in both horizontal and vertical directions.In winter,the intruding Kuroshio water reaches the farthest,almost occupying the area from 18°N to 23°N and 114°E to 121°E,with a small branch flowing towards the Taiwan Strait.The intrusion region of the Kuroshio water decreases with depth gradually.However,in summer,the Kuroshio water is confined to the east of 118°E without any branch reaching the Taiwan Strait;meanwhile the intrusion region of the Kuroshio water increases from the surface to the depth about 205 m,then it decreases with depth.The estimated annual mean of Kuroshio Intrusion Transport(KIT) via the Luzon Strait is westward to the SCS in an amount of –3.86×106 m3/s,which is larger than the annual mean of Luzon Strait Transport(LST) of –3.15×106 m3/s.The KIT above 250 m accounts for 60%–80% of the LST throughout the entire water column.By analyzing interannual variation of the Kuroshio intrusion from the year 2003 to 2012,we find that the Kuroshio branch flowing into the Taiwan Strait is the weaker in winter of La Ni?a years than those in El Ni?o and normal years,which may be attributed to the wind stress curl off the southeast China then.Furthermore,the KIT correlates the Ni?o 3.4 index from 2003 to 2012 with a correlation coefficient of 0.41,which is lower than that of the LST with the Ni?o 3.4 index,i.e.,0.78. 相似文献
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A three-dimensional (3D) large-eddy-simulation model with macroscopic model equations of porous flow is proposed to investigate solitary waves interacting with permeable breakwaters. The major objective of this paper is twofold. First, we seek to evaluate the present model through the comparison with available simulated and measured data in the literature. The second aim, given the 3D nature of flow past a permeable breakwater, the variations of permeable breakwater modeled on both macroscopic and microscopic scales are examined. First validation is carried out with experiments on solitary wave propagation in a 3D wave basin and then runup on a vertical permeable breakwater with a gap in the lateral direction. A satisfactory agreement on the free surface elevation time series is obtained between model and measured results. Second, we replicate the experiments on a solitary wave interaction with a submerged permeable breakwater in a two-dimensional narrow wave flume. The porous medium is composed of spheres with a uniform size and arranged in a non-staggered regular pattern such that the porous medium can thus be modeled on macroscopic and microscopic scales. The numerical calculations indicate that the results obtained with macroscopic and microscopic modeling both fit the measurements fairly well in terms of the free surface elevations and velocity fields. Specifically, the microscopic modeling better simulates detailed phenomena such as flow injection from the porous medium and the initial stage of the formation of the main vortex in the leeward face of the obstacle. After the solitary wave completely propagates over the permeable object, the discrepancies between macroscopic and microscopic model results are insignificant. More accurate 3D results are used to determine the trajectories of fluid particles around the porous object to help understand the possible sediment movements in suspensions. 相似文献