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为了深入认识华夏地块早古生代陆内造山作用相应的地壳再造过程,本文选取粤西福湖岭混合岩进行了详细的岩相学以及锆石U-Pb年代学研究。根据混合岩化程度,粤西福湖岭混合岩剖面由上而下可以分为3部分:混合岩化沉积变质岩、条带状混合岩和混合花岗岩。根据岩性与岩相学特征,福湖岭混合岩又可分为古成体、暗色体和浅色体。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果及与区域上基底变质岩资料的对比研究表明,福湖岭混合岩的原岩(古成体)是形成于新元古代的变质沉积岩。粤西福湖岭混合岩的形成时代为441~435 Ma,是华夏地块早古生代陆内造山事件的重要产物。 相似文献
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大宁岩体位于扬子板块与华夏板块结合带,岩性组合为二长闪长岩-花岗闪长岩-二长花岗岩-钾长花岗岩.岩体中广泛存在壳幔混合包体.本文利用锆石sHRIMPU-Pb法,获得大宁岩体成岩年龄上限为(419.1±6.4)Ma(MSWD=1.03),属加里东晚期.岩体的地球化学研究显示,大宁岩体属弱过铝高钾钙碱性岩石,富大离子亲石元素和轻稀土,显Nb、Ba、Sr、Eu组合异常.岩石具有较高的I_(Sr)值(0.7112～0.7196),较低的εNd(t)值(-6.77～-7.53)和T_(DM)值(1.40～1.71Ga).结合邻区加里东花岗岩壳幔混合特征,本文认为,大宁岩体为幔源岩浆底侵诱发的下地壳变砂屑岩部分熔融形成,形成过程中有显著的幔源组分加入. 相似文献
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华北克拉通阜平杂岩的深熔和混合岩化作用 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
华北克拉通的阜平杂岩长英质岩石中常产出显著的浅色体、岩脉和花岗岩侵入体,并形成广泛的混合岩化作用。通过矿物自形晶的形成、黑云母向角闪石的转换和大量钠长石净边的出现以及其它与熔体活动有关结构的分析,浅色脉体和混合岩化作用的发生与外来熔体的注入有关。在长英质片麻岩中可出现明显的熔体注入,在一些不易片理化的岩石如石英岩中亦可形成浸染状熔体渗入。熔体汇集可形成浅色体、岩脉,直至花岗岩侵入体。而深熔作用本身形成熔体的作用在本区几乎可以忽略不计。在遭受渗透式混合岩化作用的过程中,岩石成分发生了改变,形成开放系统。随着渗透熔体的结晶,可形成一些岩浆锆石,在副片麻岩中则很容易被当作碎屑锆石。 相似文献
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闽西北加里东期混合岩及花岗岩的成因:同变形地壳深熔作用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本文选取闽西北前寒武纪变质基底中的混合岩和花岗岩为研究对象,以探讨两者之间的成因联系.详细的岩石学和主量、微量元素地球化学以及锆石U-Pb年代学研究表明,闽西北混合岩是同变形地壳深熔作用的产物,基底变质岩中的黑云母在较低温(约800℃)、H2O不饱和的条件下发生脱水熔融反应产生熔体,构造变形作用在熔体的分离和迁移过程中起到了重要作用.闽西北基底变质岩可能为形成混合岩和花岗岩的源岩,其深熔产生的初始熔体发生结晶分异作用,堆晶产物形成了混合岩的浅色体,而残余熔体继续演化形成花岗岩.混合岩和相关花岗岩形成基本同时,其成岩年龄为437～441Ma.它们均为华南加里东期构造热事件的产物. 相似文献
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混合岩中浅色体的有限迁移及其对变形分解的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
熔体在地壳和地幔中怎样迁移及其动力学是地质学中的一个重要问题。作为地壳深融作用的产物 ,混合岩中的浅色体提供了一个极好的机会来探讨影响地壳熔体在中下地壳迁移的因素。为此 ,我们对美国加州南 Sierra Nevada岩基中典型的混合岩、变泥质岩及邻近的花岗闪长岩进行了详细的主要元素地球化学和野外构造变形分析 ,同时应用流体动力学理论估算了在中下地壳条件下 ,典型浅色体的迁移距离。南 Sierra Nevada岩基中的混合岩中的浅色体厚度为 1mm至 1cm。在部分熔融程度较高的区域 (>10 % ) ,浅色体相互连接而成网结状构造 ,应变的承载方式主要以 IWL(Interconnected Weak L ayers)形式进行 ,即熔融体表现为弱相而承载大部分的应变。相反地 ,在部分熔融程度较低的区域 (<5 % ) ,浅色体孤立地出现 ,应变的承载方式主要以 L BF(L oad- Bearing Frame-work)形式进行 ,即应变主要由非熔融体的基质来承担。这表明在混合岩形成过程中 ,熔体的出现强烈地制约着应变分解作用。应用 Shaw的岩石粘度模型 ,我们根据浅色体的主要元素地球化学成分计算了浅色体在熔融状态下的粘度。根据流体动力学原理 ,估算了浅色体在不同条件下的迁移距离。计算结果表明 :1和典型花岗岩相比 ,浅色体具有较高的粘度 ,为 10 9～ 10 1 2 相似文献
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钦-杭结合带斑岩型铜矿的基本地质特征及成因分析 总被引：15，自引：10，他引：5
钦-杭结合带是重要的斑岩铜矿带.斑岩铜矿在北、中、南三段均有产出,主成岩成矿年龄主要集中燕山期.钦-杭结合带与成矿有关的斑岩主要为钙碱性岩浆系列的中酸性岩,岩石类型主要为花岗闪长斑岩、花岗斑岩和次英安斑岩等,具有与新元古代岛弧火成岩类似微量元素特征.它们来源于软流圈的岩浆与中下地壳物质混合后部分熔融的结果,与受到过早期俯冲作用影响的岩石圈地幔有关,存在壳幔混染现象.钦-杭结合带燕山期的斑岩铜矿成岩成矿的动力学背景与太平洋板块俯冲关系密切,但斑岩和铜矿体在地球化学特征上显示出的具有弧岩浆作用特点,这与华南地区中生代构造转折事件发生以前的地质演化有关.钦-杭结合带的中酸性斑岩体来自于元古代岛弧底部玄武质岩石(下地壳)在中生代时期的部分熔融,本质上该类矿床带有岛孤俯冲环境的特征遗传. 相似文献
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变泥质岩递进部分熔融作用的构造物理学效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在南内华达岩基中,晚中生代花岗岩的侵位导致表壳岩广泛的变质及部分熔融,形成混合岩杂岩体。对伊萨贝拉湖南羊圈混合岩杂岩体构造的野外观测和应变测量表明：①变泥质混合岩和鹅卵石砾岩记录了类似强度的应变;②变泥质岩发生了递进部分熔融,表现为离羊圈花岗闪长岩岩体的距离越远,部分熔融程度越低;③随部分熔融程度的变化,变泥质岩的应变承载构造也逐渐从混合岩带的弱相承载构造（IWL）往强相承载构造（LBF）过渡;④在同岩浆构造作用中,浅色体的流变学性质与鹅卵石砾岩中泥质组分相当,为应变的主要承载体。该结果表明：在高级变质岩区中,部分熔融程度是否足够高及熔体能否形成互相链接的网络,是高级变质岩的流变学强度发生突降、深部岩石发生侧向流动的前提。 相似文献
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深俯冲陆壳物质部分熔融产生的熔体,实验岩石学方面已有广泛报道,而天然初始熔体的组分却难以厘定。对此,本文从苏鲁超高压地体荣成混合岩中识别出了深俯冲花岗质陆壳部分熔融产生的天然初始熔体组成。野外露头显示,混合岩中主要矿物组成为钾长石+斜长石+石英的浅色熔体呈不连续的条带状与残余体互层产出,指示了原位或近源区的部分熔融特征。混合岩浅色体锆石CL图像呈明显的核-边结构,继承核部为扬子板块来源的岩浆锆石,形成时代为721±24Ma;新生边部CL图像具震荡环带结构,微量元素上REE呈明显左倾,具有Eu的负异常及Ce的正异常,低的Hf/Y和Th/U比值,具深熔锆石特征,指示形成于花岗质陆壳物质的部分熔融。边部U-Pb谐和年龄为225.9±2Ma,略晚于苏鲁超高压地体超高压峰期变质年龄,表明初始熔融发生在超高压地体折返早期。浅色熔体的全岩地球化学特征表明,主量元素上具有高SiO_2、K_2O及Na_2O含量,低的Fe_2O_3~T、MgO及CaO含量,A/CNK=1.02~1.04,呈弱过铝质亚碱性花岗岩的特征,这与实验岩石学中富硅陆壳物质部分熔融产生的熔体组分极为相近;微量元素上富集大离子亲石元素(如Rb、Ba、Pb等),亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素,REE呈较为平坦的配分模式,具弱的Eu负异常并亏损Sr。本文通过上述对天然样品研究,厘定了深俯冲花岗质陆壳部分熔融及其初始熔体的组成,为理解大陆俯冲带壳幔相互作用提供了关键依据。 相似文献
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东濮凹陷北部沙三中亚段广泛发育盐岩和烃源岩,这两个看似不能共存的物质却在这里互层共生。该时期研究区沉积特征为多盐韵律与多层烃源岩互层共生、连续沉积,单个盐韵律厚度从几米到十几米,烃源岩有机质丰度高、类型好。平面上,两者在湖盆沉积沉降中心共生;垂向上,高有机质丰度、好干酪根类型与高盐度地层具有较好的对应关系。因而成为恢复古气候和古环境的重要研究对象。通过岩石学、古生物学以及Sr/Ba、B/Ga、(V+Ni+Mn)、Fe/Mn、Sr/Cu、Mg/Ca、V/(V+Ni)、稀土元素含量和氯同位素等方法对凹陷北部沙三中亚段的沉积环境进行研究。结果表明,凹陷北部沙三中亚段为深水沉积的还原环境,古盐度较高,达到半咸水-咸水沉积;微量元素和孢粉化石特征表明研究区沙三中亚段为温暖潮湿的环境。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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郯庐断裂南段研究进展与断裂性质讨论 总被引：13，自引：3，他引：13
据1：5万区域地质调查和专题研究资料，就郯庐断裂带是否南延与消失的原因，其与大别—苏鲁造山带交截形成的假位错效应，以及与中新生代沉积盆地形成演化的关系等作了新的阐述。在此基础上，讨论了郯庐断裂带是否为巨大的左行平移断层或转换断层。认为郯庐断裂带可能是在“古郯庐带”的基础上于早侏罗世重新活动、白垩纪强烈活动的地堑型枢纽断裂带。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Dean S. Oliver 《Mathematical Geology》1998,30(7):911-933
In reservoir characterization, the covariance is often used to describe the spatial correlation and variation in rock properties or the uncertainty in rock properties. The inverse of the covariance, on the other hand, is seldom discussed in geostatistics. In this paper, I show that the inverse is required for simulation and estimation of Gaussian random fields, and that it can be identified with the differential operator in regularized inverse theory. Unfortunately, because the covariance matrix for parameters in reservoir models can be extremely large, calculation of the inverse can be a problem. In this paper, I discuss four methods of calculating the inverse of the covariance, two of which are analytical, and two of which are purely numerical. By taking advantage of the assumed stationarity of the covariance, none of the methods require inversion of the full covariance matrix. 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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Jiayu Rong Michael Melchin S. Henry Williams Tatyana N. Koren Jacques Verniers 《《幕》》2008,31(3):315-318
The Global Stratotype Section and Point （GSSP） for the base of the Silurian System was defined in 1985. Since that time, a number of researchers have suggested that this section has serious deficiencies for use as a GSSP. As a result, in 2000, the Subcommission on Silurian Stratigraphy （SSS） proposed undertaking a formal restu@ of this GSSP, which was subsequently approved by the International Commission of Stratigraphy （ICS）. The result of this restudy was the formal proposal that the current GSSP, at 1.6 m above the base of the Birkhill Shale, at Dob＇s Linn, Scotland, should be maintained as the same locality and stratigraphic level, but the bios- tratigraphical definition of the boundary should be revised. The previously defined, basal Silurian grapto- lite zone, the Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone, should be subdivided into a lower Akidograptus ascensus Zone and a higher E acuminatus Zone. The base of the A. ascensus Zone, marked by the first appearance of A. ascensus, should be regarded as the biostratigraphic mark for the base of the Silurian. This proposal has now been formally approved by the SSS and ICS, and ratified by International Union of Geological Sciences. This is the first GSSP to undergo formal restudy and redefini- tion, and the proposal also included a recommended procedure for restudy of GSSPs. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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正Artemia cysts are an extremely important component of aquaculture diets.It is well established that the cultivation of fish and shellfish derive substantial health and growth advantages when Artemia are included in the diets of the 相似文献