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1.
基于德国天气在线T7online(简称T7)、ECMWF细网格(简称EC)及T639三种数值模式的气温预报产品,结合本溪站气象观测资料,对三种数值模式2014年1月至2015年12月本溪市气温预报的准确率及预报误差进行了检验和分析,根据误差分析结果利用BP神经网络模型建立了本溪市数值模式气温预报误差客观化订正模型。结果表明:对于气温预报的年检验,T7、EC和T639三种数值模式的最低气温预报准确率均高于最高气温的预报准确率;对于气温预报的月检验,三种数值模式对夏季、秋季最低气温的预报效果明显优于冬季和春季,而对于最高气温的预报,T7的气温预报准确率明显优于EC和T639模式;当气温波动较大时,三种数值模式气温的预报准确率均明显下降。三种数值模式对最低气温预报的平均误差均为2.00℃以内,对最高气温的预报准确率存较大差别,T7模式最高气温的预报误差最小,T639模式气温预报的系统偏差最明显,最低气温系统偏差为-1.34℃,最高气温系统偏差为-2.87℃。根据三种数值模式气温预报误差的特征,结合BP神经网络建立本溪市气温误差预报模型对数值模式气温预报结果进行订正,订正后气温平均绝对误差由2.40℃左右降至1.40℃左右,系统偏差和均方根误差均明显缩小,气温预报准确率由50%左右提高至80%以上,数值模式气温预报准确率明显提高,具有较好的应用价值。 相似文献
2.
干旱区由于气温日较差大,气温预报难度偏大,尤其是最高、最低气温预报。利用2013—2015年ECMWF、T639、DOGRAFS、GRAPES 4种模式24 h内气温预报产品,采用递减平均订正法以及集合平均和加权集合平均法,设计2种订正集成方案,即方案1是对多模式气温预报先集成后订正,方案2是先订正后集成,对新疆地区日最高气温和最低气温预报的误差订正及集成效果进行对比检验。结果表明:(1)4种模式对新疆气温预报的准确率表现为ECMWF模式整体最好,DOGRAFS模式最差,且最低气温的预报准确率提高程度高于最高气温;(2)对于新疆不同区域,最高(低)气温预报准确率北疆高于南疆,西部高于东部,平原高于山区,且冬季的订正能力大于其他季节;(3)加权集合平均法优于集合平均法,先订正后集合方案优于先集合后订正方案;(4)方案2对2015年7月13—30日和2014年4月22—24日两次极端高、低温天气过程的最高(低)气温订正效果明显。 相似文献
3.
利用三维插值方法对ECMWF、Japan及T639三种数值模式细网格气温预报产品进行客观订正,并检验评估三维插值方法对湖南省不同海拔高度和不同地理位置上2 159个气象站点的气温预报订正能力。个例结果显示,三维插值方法具有明显的订正效果,不同程度地缩小了二维平面插值预报的偏差,能较客观地反映复杂地形区域要素的实际情况;三维插值方法较二维插值对ECMWF、Japan、T639三种模式气温预报的订正能力均有不同程度的提高,改进后的ECMWF模式气温预报准确率达94%;对于海拔较高的站点,三维插值方法相对于二维插值订正的幅度更大,对模式预报有向气温降低的趋势调整,对于海拔较低的站点,对模式预报有向气温升高的趋势调整。 相似文献
4.
利用T639模式预报产品和黑龙江省83个国家气象站气温实况观测资料,采用最优预报因子方法选取预报因子,应用多元回归方法建立逐站日最高气温和日最低气温的MOS预报方程; 对MOS、中央气象台指导预报（SCMOC）和T639三种气温预报产品的日最高气温和日最低气温预报效果进行对比检验分析,并用EOF方法检验预报与实况的时空变化特征一致性。结果表明: 与实况的时空变化一致性方面,MOS和SCMOC较好,T639略差; 预报效果方面,MOS和SCMOC对日最高气温和日最低气温的2 ℃预报准确率普遍高于T639,MOS的预报准确率在日最高气温方面高于SCMOC,在日最低气温方面低于SCMOC; MOS对T639气温预报产品改善效果明显,尤其对冬季日最低气温的预报改善效果十分显著; MOS较T639气温预报改善效果与T639模式预报效果呈负相关关系,主要表现为,MOS预报改善效果在T639预报准确率低的山区明显优于平原,在春、夏季,预报准确率较低的日最高气温明显优于日最低气温,在冬季,预报准确率较低的日最低气温优于日最高气温; MOS气温预报方法的预报性能较理想,SCMOC对黑龙江省预报难度较大的日最低气温预报效果较好。 相似文献
5.
《气象与环境学报》2018,(5)
利用2015年大连地区7个主要气象站的地面气温、降水、风向风速和相对湿度观测资料,针对东北区域中尺度数值模式(Weather Research and Forecast,WRF)产品中常规天气要素进行检验分析,了解掌握WRF模式对不同天气要素的预报能力,以期为天气预报业务中WRF模式产品的订正提供参考。结果表明:WRF模式产品的气温预报准确率整体上08时起报的比20时起报的稍好,最低气温预报效果比最高气温稍好,且WRF模式对升温和降温的趋势预报较好,具有一定参考性。WRF模式产品的降水预报准确率相对较高; WRF模式对风向的预报准确率可以达到50%左右,而风速的预报准确率可以达到60%—70%;大雾天气的预报,可以相应参考WRF模式的相对湿度。 相似文献
6.
该文利用C#程序语言逐日读取欧洲数值预报模式(Ec)、中国数值预报模式(T639)、德国天气在线(ZX)、美国天气(MG)、中国天气(ZG)、中央气象台指导预报(ZY)6家模式预报的日最高气温(Tg)和日最低气温(Td)预报值,建立预报数据库。使用LINEST函数对Tg和Td做多元回归分析,得出6家模式的集成预报结果,结果表明:集成预报(JC)比6家模式预报准确率都高;同时,建立本地化订正方法,将原6家模式Tg和Td进行订正后再集成,结果表明:订正后的集成比直接集成准确率提高了0%～4%,说明订正方法的使用对提高气温预报准确率有一定的效果。另外,通过对各家模式预报结果和集成预报结果的检验分析,不仅为预报员择优使用数值预报产品提供参考依据,也为数值预报产品释用提供一定的参考方法。 相似文献
7.
文章利用2011年2月至2012年4月T639模式的10m风速预报及集宁气象站实测风速资料,采用双隐含层的人工神经网络模型建立了模式预报订正模型,对该站2012年5—7月的模式风速进行了订正并对其效果进行检验。结果表明,经人工神经网络订正后,风速预报比T639模式预报有了明显改善,3个月的平均Vs评分由77.8增加到87.4。 相似文献
8.
基于ECMWF细网格模式的定时最高(低)气温预报产品,针对2017年陕西99个国家级气象站的日最高(低)气温预报,检验和比较了递减平均法和一元线性回归法两种方法对气温预报误差的订正效果。结果表明,两种方法都显著地提高了日最高(低)气温的预报准确率,随着预报时效的延长,订正能力逐渐减弱。技巧评分与模式对气温的预报能力有显著的负相关关系,秦岭及其以南地区的日最高气温预报和秦岭以北地区的日最低气温预报的准确率偏低,其技巧评分一般超过40%,极大值超过70%。两种方法都有效降低了系统误差,较小误差范围的站次增多,较大误差范围的站次减少,对日最高气温在预报绝对误差≤2℃误差范围的订正能力较为突出,对日最低气温在预报绝对误差≥3℃误差范围的订正更有优势。一元线性回归法对日最高气温预报的订正能力略优于递减平均法,对日最低气温预报的订正能力不及递减平均法,利用这两种方法对气温预报进行混合订正的效果更佳。 相似文献
9.
辽宁地区ECMWF模式气温预报检验及误差订正研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用2016—2018年ECMWF细网格模式12—36 h内2 m温度预报产品,选取辽宁地区65个城镇站点观测资料,评估预报产品在不同季节的预报准确率,并按季节分析固定误差订正方法和最优滑动周期订正方法对提高准确率的作用。结果表明：ECMWF模式预报产品对辽宁地区气温预报的准确率表现为,ECMWF模式最高气温冬季预报最优(城镇站点预报准确率为81.5%),最低气温夏季预报最好(城镇站点预报准确率为84.3%);采用最优滑动周期订正后,2016—2018年辽宁地区的最高气温和最低气温准确率较ECMWF模式自身分别提高了19.7%和20.5%,最低气温的预报准确率提高程度优于最高气温;在整个空间分布中,ECMWF模式对辽宁中部平原地区最高(低)气温预报准确率高于东、西部地区,辽宁东北部和西南部以及东南部的长白山余脉影响区域准确率明显低于其他区域。同时,在各季中,最高气温和夏季最低气温的订正预报能力优于其他季节;在地面晴、雨两种特征下,对辽宁地区24 h气温预报进行订正检验表明,该检验结果对辽宁地区最高(低)气温订正有一定补充作用,尤其是冬季降水出现时,最高气温预报补充订正效果最为显著。 相似文献
10.
为检验不同数值模式产品对山东不同站点2m日最高、最低气温24h预报效果,利用2014年6—8月逐3h的WRF-RUC、EnWRF确定性预报、不同集合百分位数、T639、中国气象局下发的T639-MOS解释应用产品以及EC细网格预报进行TS评分、误差等分析。结果表明：EC细网格对内陆最高气温预报准确率最高,EnWRF确定性预报次之,EC细网格和T639-MOS对内陆最低气温预报准确率最高。T639和EC细网格分别对沿海最高和最低气温预报准确率最高。对各模式单站气温预报进行最优模式分析发现,对于最高气温预报最优的模式为EC细网格和EnWRF确定性预报,分别集中在鲁西南和鲁北、鲁中和鲁东南。对于最低气温预报最优的模式为EC细网格和T639-MOS,T639-MOS主要对鲁中山区预报较好,其他地区两个模式预报效果基本相当。 相似文献
11.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
12.
Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
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The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
14.
Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
15.
The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
16.
基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
17.
Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
20.
《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献