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1.
银川市太阳总辐射对气候变化的影响分析 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：6
对银川市1961~2004年的实测太阳总辐射资料分析表明,银川市的太阳总辐射40年来呈逐渐减少的趋势。方差分析表明,银川市的太阳总辐射突变点出现在1980年,此前银川处于相对偏多的时段,此后虽然在20世纪80年代后期有一次明显波动,但总体上呈下降趋势,银川处于相对偏少的时段,突变后比突变前平均年总辐射量减少了295.41 MJ/(m2.a)。银川市各月总辐射减少幅度不同,9月减少幅度最大,4月减少幅度最小。日照时数的变化趋势与太阳总辐射的变化趋势一致。分析其对气候的影响可知,银川市总辐射和年平均气温、夏季降水量呈负相关,与年蒸发量呈正相关,呈线性趋势。若总辐射减少100 MJ/(m2.a),年平均气温将升高0.15℃,5~9月降水量将增加6 mm,蒸发量将减少18 mm。 相似文献
2.
根据2002—2007年北京朝阳医院逐月慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD）入院患者例次和北京朝阳气象站同期逐月地面气象资料,利用统计方法,进行相关分析,旨在探讨慢性阻塞性肺病与气候因素、气候变化的关系,保护人类免受不利气象条件的影响,利用有利的气象条件和气候资源来增强体质,预防疾病。结果表明：慢性阻塞性肺病与气温、相对湿度、气压和风速等气象因子有密切的相关性,当平均温度大于等于19.5℃时,慢性阻塞性肺病的发病例数较低;当平均温度小于19.5℃时,发病例数较高。当平均相对湿度大于等于53%时慢性阻塞性肺病的发病例数较低;当平均相对湿度小于53%时发病例数较高。当平均气压大于等于1009 hPa时,慢性阻塞性肺病的发病例数有升高的趋势;当平均气压小于1009 hPa时有下降的趋势,当平均风速大于等于3.0 m/s时,慢性阻塞性肺病的发病例数较高;当平均平均风速小于3.0 m/s时,发病例数较低。慢性阻塞性肺病发病的高发期相对于风速极大值滞后15 d。慢性阻塞性肺病发病存在着明显的月际变化和年际变化,从月际变化曲线来看慢性阻塞性肺病发病最高例数出现在4月,最低例数出现在7月;从年际变化曲线来看,慢性阻塞性肺病发病例数有逐年升高的趋势。根据气候变化、季节变化对慢性阻塞性肺病进行预测预防,以减少慢性阻塞性肺病的发生,可为该病的气象预报预警提供参考。 相似文献
3.
《青海气象》2017,(1)
利用西宁市2008-2014年气象资料分析西宁市近7年灰霾天气变化趋势。研究表明:近7年来西宁市共出现霾日数50天,其中11、12月最为集中,多出现在08时,静风天气条件下。相对湿度在25%~95%,湿度在80%以上的湿霾较多。水平能见度在3~9km,属于轻微霾至中度霾,轻微霾所占比例较多。西宁市灰霾频发的08时平均相对湿度(RH)较高,相对高的空气湿度,为霾的发生提供了必要条件。同时静风频率较高,较小的风力使得扩散的动力条件差,灰霾天气得以维持。加之清晨辐射逆温的形成,热力条件使得扩散条件更为不利,污染物的累积和高湿状况使得能见度逐渐下降,而发生较为明显的霾天气。预计未来西宁市霾天气发生将呈现增加趋势。 相似文献
4.
克拉玛依冬季气候变化特征及其对设施农业的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
利用1961--2009年克拉玛依气象站气候资料,对冬季设施农业的主要生产阶段(12月一次年2月)的热量条件和光照条件进行分析。结果表明：克拉玛依冬季呈增暖趋势,平均最低气温增暖尤其显著,热量条件变化有利于设施农业;但日照时数显著减少,降雪日数、雾日数不显著增多,对设施农业生产有不利影响;同时,灾害性天气及极端气候事件的影响不可忽视。针对克拉玛依冬季气候变化特征,在发展设施农业的同时,需要加强气象灾害防御措施。 相似文献
5.
本文基于丽江机场最近9年(2007~2015年)的观测资料,总结了丽江机场雷暴发生、变化的特征和规律。结果表明:丽江机场近年来年雷暴日数稳定在60d左右,多发生在6~9月,总概率密度达到了82.3%,峰值出现在8月。平均雷暴初终日在4月13日和10月20日,平均间隔190d。从日变化看,雷暴多发生在15~19时,总概率密度达到了48.7%,峰值出现在16时,持续时间在0~1h内的最多,占总数的58.7%。雷暴发生规律除日变化外与水汽(相对湿度)基本一致,雨季午后53%~57%的相对湿度对雷暴的发生有一定的指示意义。雷暴发生次数波动较大的时段为午后到深夜,打夜雷的情况有所增多,夜雷多为系统性雷暴,对丽江机场的航班影响较大。 相似文献
6.
对1961—2008年银川市灰霾天气日数资料进行分析。结果表明：银川市灰霾天气呈逐渐增加的趋势2,0世纪80年代前为缓慢增加阶段,20世纪后灰霾天气显著增加2,000年后灰霾天气急剧增加。银川市灰霾日数最多为12月,其次为11月,最少为5月,呈现出冬季大于秋季大于春季大于夏季的季节特征。一般情况下,银川市灰霾日数持续1—3d,持续2d及以上的灰霾天气占17%,持续5d及以上的灰霾天气占1%。持续时间较长的灰霾天气集中出现在冬季11月至翌年2月。灰霾天气持续时间与年代际变化有关,2000年前,银川未出现持续5d以上的灰霾天气过程;2000年后,随着灰霾天气日数增多,灰霾持续时间延长。 相似文献
7.
《气象研究与应用》2015,(2)
选取1961~2014年鲁西南9个地面气象观测站最高气温资料,统计分析了鲁西南地区高温日数、高温热浪频次分布特征及变化规律。结果表明:1961~2014年鲁西南地区年平均高温日数在10.3~14.1d之间,呈现出自西南向东北逐渐减少的空间分布特征。近54a鲁西南高温日数呈先减后增总体微弱减少的趋势,1960年代和2001~2014年是鲁西南地区平均高温日数最多的两个时段。鲁西南单站高温热浪频次在62~93次之间,也呈现自西南向东北减少的空间分布特征,轻度、中度和重度热浪空间分布特征不尽相同。鲁西南地区以轻度热浪为主,占总次数的73.91%,中度热浪占21.60%,重度热浪仅占4.49%。重度热浪发生次数最多的为曹县。1990年代以来特别是21世纪以来,高温日数和高温热浪均呈增加趋势,高温事件的防范仍应是鲁西南地区防灾减灾工作的一项重要任务。 相似文献
8.
利用德州市1951-2006年雷暴日数、总云量、相对湿度、气温、降水等资料,计算线性变化趋势系数和相关系数。结果表明,年雷暴日数平均10年减少1．28天,春季增加0．04天／10a,夏季减少1．1天／10a,秋季减少0．22天／10a。夏季雷暴日数占全年的77．39％,春季占14．14％,秋季占8．47％。总云量、相对湿度、降水日数和降水量均呈减少趋势,气温明显升高,德州气候呈干旱化趋势。雷暴日数减少与气候干旱化密切相关,年雷暴日数与3—11月大于或等于10．0mm的降水日数的相关系数为0．541,相关最密切。 相似文献
9.
本文基于1979～2016年西南地区25个站点的逐日降水资料分析了西南地区夏季降水和持续性降水的变化特征,得到的结论如下:(1)西南地区夏季降水总天数总体呈减少趋势,无雨时段平均持续天数总体呈增加趋势,有雨时段平均持续天数仅川内呈增加趋势。(2)长、短持续性降水平均持续天数均呈减少趋势,其中长持续性降水平均持续天数减少趋势显著。各站长、短持续降水事件的总降水天数占持续性降水总天数的比例呈南北反向的变化趋势,长(短)持续降水事件的总天数占持续性降水总天数的比例呈北增(减)南减(增)。(3)长、短持续性降水异常年差值合成环流的相似之处:在对流层低层,我国东南部存在气旋性环流异常,与我国北方反气旋性环流在西南地区产生辐合。垂直速度场均为负异常(< -0.015Pa/s)-上升运动。上述结论可为气象灾害预测、预警提供线索。 相似文献
10.
根据霍林郭勒气象站1973—2005年的气温、降水、风沙(大风、沙尘暴)气象资料,分析了霍林郭勒地区这33年的气候变化规律。分析发现,33年来年平均气温呈明显上升趋势;年总降水量呈减少趋势;大风日数、沙尘暴日数呈减少趋势。 相似文献
11.
Using the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) and ERA-Interim data, spatial distributions of air-sea temperature difference(ASTD) in the South China Sea(SCS) for the past 35 years are compared,and variations of spatial and temporal distributions of ASTD in this region are addressed using empirical orthogonal function decomposition and wavelet analysis methods. The results indicate that both ICOADS and ERA-Interim data can reflect actual distribution characteristics of ASTD in the SCS, but values of ASTD from the ERA-Interim data are smaller than those of the ICOADS data in the same region. In addition, the ASTD characteristics from the ERA-Interim data are not obvious inshore. A seesaw-type, north-south distribution of ASTD is dominant in the SCS; i.e., a positive peak in the south is associated with a negative peak in the north in November, and a negative peak in the south is accompanied by a positive peak in the north during April and May. Interannual ASTD variations in summer or autumn are decreasing. There is a seesaw-type distribution of ASTD between Beibu Bay and most of the SCS in summer, and the center of large values is in the Nansha Islands area in autumn. The ASTD in the SCS has a strong quasi-3a oscillation period in all seasons, and a quasi-11 a period in winter and spring. The ASTD is positively correlated with the Nio3.4 index in summer and autumn but negatively correlated in spring and winter. 相似文献
12.
Fei LIU Chen XING Jinbao LI Bin WANG Jing CHAI Chaochao GAO Gang HUANG Jian LIU Deliang CHEN 《大气科学进展》2020,37(7):663-670
正The Taal Volcano in Luzon is one of the most active and dangerous volcanoes of the Philippines. A recent eruption occurred on 12 January 2020(Fig. 1a), and this volcano is still active with the occurrence of volcanic earthquakes. The eruption has become a deep concern worldwide, not only for its damage on local society, but also for potential hazardous consequences on the Earth's climate and environment. 相似文献
13.
The moving-window correlation analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events and the synchronous autumn precipitation in Huaxi region, based on the daily precipitation, sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation data from 1960 to 2012. The correlation curves of IOD and the early modulation of Huaxi region’s autumn precipitation indicated a mutational site appeared in the 1970s. During 1960 to 1979, when the IOD was in positive phase in autumn, the circulations changed from a “W” shape to an ”M” shape at 500 hPa in Asia middle-high latitude region. Cold flux got into the Sichuan province with Northwest flow, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Western Pacific to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation increase in east Huaxi region. During 1980 to 1999, when the IOD in autumn was positive phase, the atmospheric circulation presented a “W” shape at 500 hPa, the positive anomaly of the water vapor flux transported from Bay of Bengal to Huaxi region strengthened, caused precipitation ascend in west Huaxi region. In summary, the Indian Ocean changed from cold phase to warm phase since the 1970s, caused the instability of the inter-annual relationship between the IOD and the autumn rainfall in Huaxi region. 相似文献
14.
Various features of the atmospheric environment affect the number of migratory insects, besides their initial population. However, little is known about the impact of atmospheric low-frequency oscillation(10 to 90 days) on insect migration. A case study was conducted to ascertain the influence of low-frequency atmospheric oscillation on the immigration of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens(Stl), in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces. The results showed the following:(1) The number of immigrating N. lugens from April to June of 2007 through 2016 mainly exhibited a periodic oscillation of 10 to 20 days.(2) The 10-20 d low-frequency number of immigrating N. lugens was significantly correlated with a low-frequency wind field and a geopotential height field at 850 h Pa.(3) During the peak phase of immigration, southwest or south winds served as a driving force and carried N. lugens populations northward, and when in the back of the trough and the front of the ridge, the downward airflow created a favorable condition for N. lugens to land in the study area. In conclusion, the northward migration of N. lugens was influenced by a low-frequency atmospheric circulation based on the analysis of dynamics. This study was the first research connecting atmospheric low-frequency oscillation to insect migration. 相似文献
15.
The atmospheric and oceanic conditions before the onset of EP El Ni?o and CP El Ni?o in nearly 30 years are compared and analyzed by using 850 hPa wind, 20℃ isotherm depth, sea surface temperature and the Wheeler and Hendon index. The results are as follows: In the western equatorial Pacific, the occurrence of the anomalously strong westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Its intensity is far stronger than that of the CP El Ni?o. Two months before the El Ni?o, the anomaly westerly winds of the EP El Ni?o have extended to the eastern Pacific region, while the westerly wind anomaly of the CP El Ni?o can only extend to the west of the dateline three months before the El Ni?o and later stay there. Unlike the EP El Ni?o, the CP El Ni?o is always associated with easterly wind anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific before its onset. The thermocline depth anomaly of the EP El Ni?o can significantly move eastward and deepen. In addition, we also find that the evolution of thermocline is ahead of the development of the sea surface temperature for the EP El Ni?o. The strong MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o in the western and central Pacific is earlier than that of the CP El Ni?o. Measured by the standard deviation of the zonal wind square, the intensity of MJO activity of the EP El Ni?o is significantly greater than that of the CP El Ni?o before the onset of El Ni?o. 相似文献
16.
基于最新的GTAP8 (Global Trade Analysis Project）数据库,使用投入产出法,分析了2004年到2007年全球贸易变化下南北集团贸易隐含碳变化及对全球碳排放的影响。结果显示,随着发展中国家进出口规模扩张,全球贸易隐含碳流向的重心逐渐向发展中国家转移。2004年到2007年,发达国家高端设备制造业和服务业出口以及发展中国家资源、能源密集型行业及中低端制造业出口的趋势加强,该过程的生产转移导致全球碳排放增长4.15亿t,占研究时段全球贸易隐含碳增量的63%。未来发展中国家的出口隐含碳比重还将进一步提高。贸易变化带来的南北集团隐含碳流动变化对全球应对气候变化行动的影响日益突出,发达国家对此负有重要责任。 相似文献
17.
Analysis of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Height Characteristics over the Arctic Ocean Using the Aircraft and GPS Soundings 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 正ERRATUM to: Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, 4(2011), 124-130 On page 126 of the printed edition (Issue 2, Volume 4), Fig. 2 was a wrong figure because the contact author made mistake giving the wrong one. The corrected edition has been updated on our website. The editorial office is sincerely sorry for any 相似文献
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《大气科学进展》2014,(6)
正AN Junling;see LI Ying et al.;(5),1221—1232AN Junling;see QU Yu et al.;(4),787-800AN Junling;see WANG Feng et al.;(6),1331-1342Ania POLOMSKA-HARLICK;see Jieshun ZHU et al.;(4),743-754Baek-Min KIM;see Seong-Joong KIM et al.;(4),863-878BAI Tao;see LI Gang et al.;(1),66-84BAO Qing;see YANG Jing et al.;(5),1147—1156BEI Naifang; 相似文献
20.
《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2014,(6)
正Journal of Meteorological Research is an international academic journal in atmospheric sciences edited and published by Acta Meteorologica Sinica Press,sponsored by the Chinese Meteorological Society.It has been acting as a bridge of academic exchange between Chinese and foreign meteorologists and aiming at introduction of the current advancements in atmospheric sciences in China.The journal columns include Articles.Note and Correspondence,and research letters.Contributions from all over the world are welcome. 相似文献