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祁连-柴达木-东昆仑处于中央造山带的中西部, 经历了复杂的构造演化史.将祁连-柴达木-东昆仑地区划分为19个地层分区, 在总结各地层分区沉积盆地特征基础上, 讨论了祁连-柴达木-东昆仑地区的构造-沉积演化史: 新元古代-早古生代, 随着北祁连洋、赛什腾-锡铁山洋、东昆仑洋开始张裂, 研究区为陆缘裂谷、洋盆沉积; 早古生代末3个洋盆陆续消减闭合, 开始造山阶段的前陆盆地和碰撞造山后的陆缘裂陷沉积; 寒武纪-早-中三叠世, 东昆仑阿尼玛卿洋经历了拉张-俯冲-闭合, 之后全区进入陆内断陷、坳陷盆地阶段.研究区各地层分区的沉积盆地特征很好地记录了北祁连洋、赛什腾-锡铁山洋、东昆仑洋的开合及陆内造山等构造过程, 为重大构造事件提供了重要的沉积学证据. 相似文献
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江尕勒萨依地区位于东昆仑西段—南阿尔金造山带,地处秦—祁—昆造山带西段,本次在该区部署实施了1∶5万基础地质调查工作,对该区高压—超高压变质岩的主要类型、地质特征、岩石学和年代学特征进行了分析,详细讨论了其变质期次和温压条件,并对其折返机制及构造意义进行了研究,将南阿尔金早古生代俯冲碰撞杂岩带的构造演化过程划分了五个阶段：洋盆扩张阶段(622～517 Ma),洋壳俯冲阶段(517～500 Ma),陆壳深俯冲阶段(500～487 Ma),俯冲板片断离及折返阶段(460～451 Ma)及碰撞后伸展阶段(425～385 Ma)。从而重建了东昆仑西段—南阿尔金地区早古生代以来的地质构造演化历史,对于探讨该区壳-幔相互作用、洋-陆转换及大陆地壳演化等地球动力学过程等具有十分重要的科学意义。 相似文献
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将蒙古-鄂霍次克褶皱系的地质构造特征及其演化进程,置于古亚洲洋和滨太平洋构造域的宏观格架中加以对比研究,可以看出,蒙古-鄂霍次克构造带属于复合褶皱系.依据其主体特征,可以分为西、东两部分.西部地区,杭盖-肯特-达斡尔褶皱带的晚新元古代-晚古生代地质特征,与古亚洲洋构造域演化进程的特征类同,早中生代构造演化与古亚洲洋构造域板块汇聚后的大陆裂解有关,晚中生代叠加了大规模走滑和逆冲作用.东部地区,褶皱系的主体属于滨太平洋活动大陆边缘中生代构造演化的一部分,西段的中生代陆缘弧盆系和大型走滑断裂带叠加在古欧亚大陆板块及古生代褶皱带之上,东段的中晚侏罗-早白垩世乌达-穆尔加陆缘褶皱-逆冲带被晚白垩世的锡霍特-阿林、鄂霍次克-楚科奇大陆边缘火山岩带斜截并覆盖. 相似文献
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东昆仑造山带花岗岩及地壳生长 总被引：65，自引：0，他引：65
东昆仑造山带是青藏高原内可与冈底斯相媲美的又一条巨型构造岩浆岩带。该带内的花岗岩形成可以划分为4个时段,分别与4个造山旋回相对应：前寒武纪（元古宙）;早古生代;晚古生代—早中生代;晚中生代—新生代。其中,以晚古生代—早中生代（或称华力西—印支旋回）、特别是三叠纪的花岗岩最为发育。东昆仑造山带基底主要形成于古元古代晚期。其早古生代构造-岩浆事件序列与北祁连造山带可以对比,属祁连—东昆仑加里东造山系统的一部分。到晚古生代—早中生代时东昆仑卷入古特提斯构造体制,属于古特提斯造山系统的北缘。华力西—印支是一个完整的造山旋回,与西南“三江”古特提斯的演化历史相似。昆南缝合带是当时中国南北大陆的主要构造分界线。新生代印度—欧亚大陆的碰撞,使东昆仑造山带又卷入了青藏大陆碰撞造山系统,但对东昆仑的影响是一种远程效应。
东昆仑造山带大陆地壳主要形成于古元古代晚期,但在显生宙还有新生地壳 （juvenile crust） 产生,与兴蒙、冈底斯、安第斯等造山带相似。东昆仑花岗岩带中丰富的幔源岩浆底侵作用与壳-幔源岩浆混合作用的证据,以及花岗岩类的Nd、Sr同位素成份（87Sr/ 86Sr初始值多数小于0.710;εNd（t ）值变化于－9.2和＋3.6之间）,说明
地幔物质的注入及其与地壳物质的混合,对显生宙地壳的形成演化起着重要作用,是显生宙东昆仑地壳生长的重要方式。根据花岗质寄主岩、镁铁质暗色微粒包体（MME）及底侵辉长岩的锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年,东昆仑造山带在显生宙发生过两次大规模的底侵作用与岩浆混合作用,一次在早-中泥盆世（394~403 Ma）,另一次在中三叠世（239～242 Ma）,分别相当于加里东旋回、华力西-印支旋回的俯冲结束/碰撞开始阶段。 相似文献
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青海东昆仑复合造山过程及典型造山型金矿地质 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
青海东昆仑是中国又一个重要的、极富潜力的金属成矿带。文章对区域地质构造环境与演化及典型金矿床地质特征进行了研究,并对区域金成矿作用进行了初步分析。结果表明,东昆仑是一个具有复杂演化历史的多旋回复合造山带,其中产出的金矿床不仅具有相似的基本地质特征,而且与早古生代和晚古生代一早中生代复合造山过程有密切的成因联系,并在产出构造环境、矿体特征、控矿构造、围岩蚀变、矿物组成和元素组合等方面与一般造山型金矿床极为相似,因此,应属典型的造山型金矿床。硫、铅同位素显示成矿物质为少量地幔与围岩地层混合的产物,金矿床主成矿时代对应于区域晚华力西一印支造山作用的晚期,流体不混溶是该区流体演化和成矿流体形成的重要机制。 相似文献
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东昆仑地区金铜等成矿规律及找矿方向 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
东昆仑地区经历了多期次的构造演化和岩浆活动,其中早古生代和晚古生代-早中生代时期的洋-陆转换过程对区内地层、构造、岩浆活动和成矿具有决定作用.早古生代时期的喷气-喷流型矿床组合和晚古生代-早中生代时期的造山型矿床组合最为重要.万宝沟群、纳赤台群,马尔争组,下巴颜喀拉群地层控制着喷气-喷流型矿床组合的空间分布.晚华力西-印支期及燕山期侵入岩体控制了造山型矿床的分布.深断裂带、大型剪切带及其旁侧的褶皱及断裂-裂隙系统控制矿带、矿区、矿床和矿体. 相似文献
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位于中央造山带西段的东昆仑造山带因多期次造山和复杂演化历史而备受关注,约束其中生代隆升剥露历史,对于理解青藏高原大规模隆升在东昆仑地区的扩展及影响颇具意义。东昆仑造山带内中生代侏罗系-白垩系地层缺失严重,体现中生代以来强烈的隆升剥露过程,也是该区热演化的研究难点。本文通过对东昆仑造山带样品的磷灰石、锆石裂变径迹分析和热演化史研究,并结合东昆仑及周缘地区现有低温热年代学研究,识别出东昆仑造山带所经历的五次隆升冷却事件,即201~193Ma（早侏罗世）、172~152Ma（中-晚侏罗世）、120~98Ma（早白垩世末-早白垩世初）、98~20Ma（晚白垩世-中新世）及20~0Ma（中新世至今）。所获5个年龄组响应东昆仑地区所经历的构造热事件,其中201~193Ma年龄组响应南部羌塘地块与昆仑地块的碰撞事件;172~152Ma年龄组为中-晚侏罗世古特提斯洋闭合后,造山后伸展的构造事件的记录;120~98Ma热事件吻合拉萨地块和羌塘地块碰撞事件;98~20Ma年龄组为东昆仑地区长期缓慢剥蚀去顶过程的印证;20~0Ma的快速隆升剥露事件则为东昆仑周缘断裂系活化相伴,多期隆升剥蚀事件均得到地层不整合及沉积记录等研究成果的证实。区内剥蚀起始时间从由南到北逐渐变老,体现东昆仑地区隆升剥蚀的不均一性。 相似文献
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Guboglo M. N. 《GeoJournal》1980,4(1):53-58
International unity is becoming ever stronger in this country owing to an increasing similarity in the development of the cultural environment. This comprises the provision of all the country's republics with a sufficient number of schools, theatres, and other institutions and cultural information media in accordance with the needs of the population. An important part is played by the rise in ‘the general educational level, as well as the level of professional qualifications and skills. Among all the Soviet nations and nationalities, this rise being more rapid among formerly backward peoples. Prominent among the factors of internationalization is the progressive development of the nationalities’ cultural resources, while professional culture is being increasingly brought within the reach of the masses.The implementation of the nationalities policy promotes the all-round development of all Soviet nations and nationalities, their drawing together, the upsurge of the individual capabilities of every Soviet citizen. 相似文献
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Deviation of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth
B. P. Kondratyev 《Astronomy Reports》2017,61(8):709-714
It is known from observations that the center of mass of the Moon does not coincide with the geometric center of its figure, and the line connecting these two centers is not aligned with the direction toward the center of the Earth, instead deviating toward the Southeast. This stationary deviation of the axis of the inertia ellipsoid of the Moon to the South of the direction toward the Earth is analyzed. A system of five linear differential equations describing the physical libration of the Moon in latitude is considered, and these equations are derived using a new vector method taking into account perturbations from the Earth and partly from the Sun. The characteristic equation of this system is obtained, and all five oscillation frequencies are found. Special attention is paid to the fifth (zero) frequency, for which the solution of the latitude libration equations are stationary and represents a previously unknown additional motion of the rotational axis of theMoon in a cone with a small opening angle. In contrast to the astronomical precession of the Earth, the rotation of the angular-velocity vector is in the positive direction (counter-clockwise), with the period T 3 = 27.32 days. On this basis, this phenomenon has been named “quasi-precession.” This quasi-precession leads to a stationary inclination of the major axis of the inertia ellipsoid of theMoon to the South (for an observer on Earth), making it possible to explain one component of the observed deviation of the center of mass of the Moon from the direction toward the Earth. The opening angle of the quasiprecession cone is approximately 0.834″. 相似文献
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Chronological analyses of correlations between certain global repeating events (mass extinctions of marine organisms, meteorite impacts, and flashes in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals) during the Phanerozoic Eon and the motion of the solar system in the Galaxy are presented for five rotationally symmetrical models for the regular Galactic gravitational field. Thirteen of sixteen mass-extinction events can be described by a repetition interval of 183±3 million years. This is in agreement with the anomalistic period (interval between two subsequent passages of the Sun through the apocenter of its Galactic orbit) in the model of Allen and Martos. The positions of the minima and maxima in Gaussian functions approximating the frequency distribution for geomagnetic reversals also agree with the times of passage of the Sun through the apocenter and pericenter, respectively, of its Galactic orbit in this model. The maximum in the distribution of the deviations of the dates of mass extinctions from the nearest dates of impacts of large, crater-forming bodies is close to zero, providing evidence that many such events are correlated. As a rule, extinctions follow impact events. The impacts of large bodies have occurred most often when the solar system passes through the Galactic plane, while mass extinctions occur more often at some distance from the Galactic plane (about 40 pc). As a rule, intervals of increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals coincide with dates of impacts of large bodies. At the same time, these intervals do not show a clear correlation with the dates of mass extinctions. The intensity of mass extinctions, like the energy released by impacts, is consistently higher in periods when the Sun is moving from the apocenter toward the pericenter of its orbit, than when it is moving from the pericenter toward the apocenter. Thus, there is evidence for a variety of relationships between repeating global events in the Phanerozoic and the motion of the Sun in the Galaxy. Long-period variations in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with the orbital motion of the Sun, and increases in the frequency of geomagnetic reversals are correlated with impacts. Mass extinctions are correlated with the impacts of large bodies, whose motions may have been perturbed by clouds of interstellar material concentrated toward the Galactic plane and by the shock front associated with the Perseus spiral arm, through which the solar system passes. The velocity of the Sun relative to the spiral pattern is estimated. 相似文献
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位于华北和扬子两板块碰撞带中的苏鲁榴辉岩形成的温压条件不但是超高压，而且是高温。榴辉岩的PTt轨迹表明其为陆-陆磁撞俯冲带的产物。榴辉岩的区域性围岩花岗质片麻岩为新元古代同碰撞期花岗岩，榴辉岩及其他直接围岩皆呈包体存在于其中，并见新元古代花岗岩呈脉状侵入榴辉岩包体中。区域性围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石中发现有柯石英、绿辉石等包裹体，表明新元古代花岗岩的组成物质也经受过超高压变质作用，且榴辉岩与围岩新元古代花岗岩的锆石U-Pb体系同位素年龄基本相同。但新元古代花岗岩所记录的变质作用和变形作用期次（或阶段）却少于榴辉岩。椐上述可得如下推断：超高压榴辉岩与新元古代花岗岩岩浆是同时在碰撞带底部（俯冲板块前部）形成的；榴辉岩的第一折返阶段是由新元古代花岗岩岩浆携带上升的，其第二折返阶段是和新元古代花岗岩一起由逆冲及区域性隆起而上升，遭受剥蚀。 相似文献
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某高速公路下伏煤矿采空区稳定性分析 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
在论述某高速公路下伏砦脖煤矿采空区地质、采矿和工程地质特征的基础上, 进行了稳定性数值模拟分析, 定性与定量地分析与评价了该煤矿采空区的地表变形特征及稳定性。研究结果表明: 该煤矿采空区的变形尚未完成, 对拟建的高速公路将产生很大的危害, 必须采取相应的工程治理措施。 相似文献
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摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值问题探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对广珠东线高速公路横沥大桥的试桩及土体的工程地质条件分析,总结出影响摩擦桩基桩土间极限摩阻力取值的一般问题以及解决问题的方法和措施。 相似文献
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The Importance of the Precipitation and the Susceptibility of the Slopes for the Triggering of Landslides Along the Roads 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Clemente Irigaray Francisco Lamas Rachid El Hamdouni Tomás Fernández José Chacón 《Natural Hazards》2000,21(1):65-81
In order to characterise the influence of the heavyrains on the observed landslides during the 1996–1997hydrological cycle, rainfall records for the last 100years are analysed from 104 stations in easternAndalusia. Regarding the amounts of rain recordedbetween October 1996 and March 1997 in the 104stations studied, 31 presented new all-time records;15 presented values that were 80–100% of thepre-1995 record; 49 stations, 80–50%; and 9stations, < 50%. A map has been devised of thesusceptibility of the materials through which thesouth-eastern Andalusian road network crosses,together with an inventory of the damage caused byinstability phenomena on banks and cuttings of theroad network during the winter of 1996–1997. Therelationships between the rainfall during the studyperiod, the damage caused to the road network and thesusceptibility of the materials affected are analysed.The results indicate that there is a clearcorrespondence between the rainfall recorded and thesusceptibility of the materials with the inventorieddamage. It is concluded that the widespread seriousdamage caused in early 1997 to the roads andsurrounding areas in the Alpujarra region and thecoast of the Province of Granada was mainly caused bythe extraordinarily heavy rains. However, considerablyless damage was observed where the susceptibility ofthe terrain is low, thus highlighting the extremeusefulness of terrain-susceptibility maps for riskprevention and territorial planning. 相似文献
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The structure of the eastern Pyrenees consists mainly of south-directed thrusts involving basement and cover rocks. An antiformal stack developed by the piling up of basement thrust sheets which outcrop in the Axial zone. These structures account for a thin-skinned thrust model rather than a vertical fault model in which the Axial zone would be essentially autochthonous, and the North-Pyrenean fault the axial plane of a fan thrust system. New data from the Eastern Pyrenees and the thin-skinned model suggest that(1) the structure east of the Pedraforca nappe is similar to that of the Central Pyrenees; (2) the cover rocks of the South-Pyrenean units and of the Axial zone-after restoration—built up a northwards-thickening prism consistent with the existence of a unique Pyrenean sedimentary basin during Mesozoic time; (3) the Axial zone is only a complex antiformal stack developed as a part of South-Pyrenean system related to the Paleogene thrusting-tectonics. The Axial zone palaeogeographic area had no special meaning during Mesozoic time. 相似文献